重载车辆进气中冷管振动特性及设计改进

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2021.0449

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 某重载车辆的进气系统由左右两侧进气中冷钢管以及中冷器组成，在车辆交付使用过程中发现左侧进气中冷管常发生失效现象，右侧则未发生过失效。为考察中冷钢管的失效原因，对两侧管路的振动情况进行试验，分别在车辆原地取力和行驶工况下收集了进气系统不同测点的振动加速度数据。通过分析试验数据发现：左侧管路在车辆原地取力、发动机1 700 r/min工况下会发生共振，右侧管路受到发动机的激振加速度相比左侧管路更大；在0~200 Hz内左右两侧管路振动的主频成分相差不大，对左侧中冷钢管进行频响计算发现共振频率主要发生在138 Hz，该频率下钢管根部的最大应力为74.2 MPa。通过对比左右两侧中冷管设计参数，对左侧进气中冷管的结构进行设计改进，并对改进后的结构再次进行仿真计算和试验。研究结果表明，该改进结构成功避开了激振的主频成分，同时也有效改善了不同工况下的管路振动情况。

关键词: 进气中冷管, 振动, 试验, 频响计算

Abstract: The intake system of a heavy duty vehicle consists of intake-cooling iron pipes on both sides and an intercooler. After delivery to user, cracks are often found on the left cooling pipe, whereas the right pipe is in good condition. Vibration tests of the intake system are conducted to find out the reasons for the failure. In-situ and running vibration acceleration data are collected. Through data analysis, it is found that resonance occurs to the left intake pipe under in-situ condition or when the engine is operating at 1 700 r/min. The right intake pipe bears greater excitation acceleration than the left one. Both sides of the intake pipes share similar dominant frequencies between 0-200 Hz. According to the frequency response simulation of the left intake pipe, the resonance frequency occurs at 138 Hz and the maximum stress at the bottom of the pipe is 74.2 MPa. The structure of the left intake pipe is developed by comparing the left and right intake pipes’ parameters. Both simulation and vibration tests are conducted on the improved intake pipe. The results show that the improved pipe successfully avoids the main excitation frequency and the vibration conditions are also improved under different road conditions.

Key words: intake-coolingpipes, vibration, experiment, frequencyresponsesimulation

中图分类号:

TK402

刘宇航，刘鑫，张生，李洪彪. 重载车辆进气中冷管振动特性及设计改进[J]. 兵工学报, 2022, 43(8): 1753-1762.

LIU Yuhang, LIU Xin, ZHANG Sheng, LI Hongbiao. Vibration Characteristics and Improved Design of Intake-Cooling Pipes for Heavy Duty Vehicles[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2022, 43(8): 1753-1762.

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