液力机械综合传动装置低温阻力矩特性研究与验证

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2022.0182

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为解决液力机械综合传动装置低温环境下的快速起动问题,需要对其在低温域的传动特性进行试验测试。进行了液力机械综合传动装置和单一旋转件在低温环境下的运行阻力矩特性测试和流场分析。研究结果表明:在特定温度段液力机械综合传动装置的运行阻力矩随转速的升高而降低,单一旋转件测试进一步验证了这一规律;对比不同温度下的流场发现,润滑油液的非牛顿流体特性在该规律中起主要作用。

关键词: 液力机械综合传动装置, 低温环境, 阻力矩特性, 试验测试, 非牛顿流体

Abstract:

To address the challenge of fast starting of the hydro-mechanical comprehensive transmission device (HMCTD) in low temperature conditions, the transmission characteristics should be tested within a low-temperature range. This study focuses on the resistance torque characteristics of the HMCTD and a single rotating part, both subjected to low-temperature conditions, through running resistance torque characteristic test and flow field analysis. The results show that the resistance torque of the HMCTD decreases with increasing input rotating speed, which is further validated through the single rotating part test. By comparing the flow field at different temperatures, it is concluded that the non-Newtonian behavior of the oil plays a significant role.

Key words: hydro-mechanical comprehensive transmission device, low temperature condition, resistance torque characteristic, experiment, non-Newtonian fluid

徐保荣, 张金豹, 姚李刚, 邹天刚, 万丽. 液力机械综合传动装置低温阻力矩特性研究与验证[J]. 兵工学报, 2023, 44(6): 1829-1836.

XU Baorong, ZHANG Jinbao, YAO Ligang, ZOU Tiangang, WAN Li. Study and Validation of Resistance Torque Characteristics of Hydro-Mechanical Comprehensive Transmission Device under Low Temperature Conditions[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(6): 1829-1836.

图/表 16

图1 传动装置原理图[21]

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of the HMCTD[21]

表1 低温起动方案设计

Table 1 Cold starting scheme design

预设温度/℃	输入转速/(r·min^-1)	稳态阻力矩/(N·m)
	200	2300
-46	500	1400
	800	1200
	200	1600
-36	500	1300
	800	1200
	200	1100
-20	500	1100
	800	1100
	200	250
0	500	300
	800	350
	200	200
20	500	250
	800	300

图2 综合传动装置低温实验室

Fig.2 Low Temperature Laboratory for the HMCTD

图3 综合传动装置低温起动数据记录

Fig.3 Coldstarting data of the HMCTD

图4 转速-温度-转矩关系图

Fig.4 Speed-Temperature-Torque relationship

图5 90℃、2200r/min时综合传动装置的起动过程流场分析

Fig.5 Flow field analysis of the HMCTD during the starting process at 90℃ and 2200r/min

图6 -43℃、800r/min时综合传动装置的稳态流场

Fig.6 Stable flow field of the HMCTD at -43℃ and 800r/min

图7 5W-40润滑油液特性测试

Fig.7 Testing of 5W-40 lubricating oil

图8 5W-40润滑油在不同温度下的特性对比

Fig.8 Comparison of the characteristics of the 5W-40 lubricating oil at different temperatures

图9 5W-40润滑油运动黏度随温度变化趋势

Fig.9 Kinematic viscosity of the 5W-40 lubricating oil with temperature

图10 5W-40润滑油密度随温度变化趋势

Fig.10 Density of the 5W-40 lubricating oil with temperature

图11 旋转件低温阻力矩测试装置

Fig.11 Testing device for the resistance torque of the rotating part at low temperatures

图12 旋转件随温度的阻力矩特性

Fig.12 Resistance torque characteristics of the rotating part at low temperatures

图13 23℃液面分布(运动黏度63.5mm2/s)

Fig.13 Oil distribution at 23℃ with kinematic viscosity at 63.5mm2/s

图14 -20℃液面分布(运动黏度286.2mm2/s)

Fig.14 Oil distribution at -20℃ with kinematic viscosity at 286.2mm2/s

图15 -40℃液面分布(运动黏度704.3mm2/s)

Fig.15 Oil distribution at -40℃ with kinematic viscosityat 704.3mm2/s

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