盒型芯层波纹板的抗爆炸冲击防护性能

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2023.0256

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对波纹板受爆炸载荷冲击的变形吸能问题,对梯形波纹结构进行顶部开口和折叠改进,提出一种盒型结构作为波纹板芯层,以提高其在爆炸冲击载荷下的吸能特性。通过对盒型芯层的单个胞元进行准静态压缩试验,与kirigami改进梯形波纹结构对比,比较吸能值、质量比吸能、初始压垮峰值力、平均压垮力、压垮力效率等主要吸能指标。应用有限元软件建立数值模拟模型,利用试验数据对数值模拟模型进行校正,将不同长宽比的盒型结构和kirigami改进梯形波纹结构阵列排布作为波纹板芯层,对比不同芯层波纹板在相同爆炸载荷作用下的抗爆性能,分析吸能值与背板变形量等特征,并结合变形过程应力云图分析波纹板在爆炸载荷作用下的响应。研究结果表明,所提出的盒型芯层具有质量比吸能值高,变形模式均匀稳定,有效吸能行程长等优良的吸能特性,以其为芯层的波纹板在爆炸冲击载荷作用下,能有效降低背板变形,在爆炸冲击防护领域具有潜在的应用前景。

关键词: 波纹夹层结构, 薄壁结构, 耐撞性, 准静态压缩, 爆炸冲击波, 有限元模拟

Abstract:

In order to improve the crashworthiness of corrugated plate sandwich structure under blast loading, a new type of box-shaped thin-walled structure is proposed as the core of the corrugated plate sandwich structure to improve its energy absorption capacity. The quasi-static crushing tests are performed on the unit cell of the box-shaped thin-walled structure. The energy absorption capacity of box-shaped thin-walled structure, such as energy absorption, specific energy absorption per unit mass, initial peak crushing force, mean crushing force, and crushing force efficiency, are analyzed and compared with that of the Kirigami modified trapezoidal structure. A numerical simulation model is established with finite element software, and calibrated with the experimental results. The energy absorptions and maximum deformations of the corrugated plate sandwich structures with box-shaped cores and Kirigami modified trapezoidal cores with different geometric configurations are analyzed and compared numerically. The numerical results show that the sandwich plate with box-shaped thin-walled structure as core has excellent crashworthiness, such as higher specific energy absorption, uniform and stable deformation pattern, and longer effective energy absorption stroke. These indicate the potential applications of the proposed corrugated plate sandwich structure with box-shaped cores for enhancing the energy absorption capacity under blast loading.

Key words: corrugated plate sandwich structure, thin-walled structure, crashworthiness, quasi-static compression, explosion shock wave, finite element simulation

中图分类号:

O383⁺.1

王昊, 徐斌, 王舒, 徐永杰, 吴浩. 盒型芯层波纹板的抗爆炸冲击防护性能[J]. 兵工学报, 2023, 44(12): 3687-3695.

WANG Hao, XU Bin, WANG Shu, XU Yongjie, WU Hao. Explosion Impact Protection Performance of Sandwich Structure with Box-shaped Cores[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(12): 3687-3695.

图/表 14

图1 kirigami改进梯形波纹结构(左)和盒型结构(右)的几何结构

Fig.1 Geometric structure of Kirigami modified trapezoidal corrugated structure (left) and box-shaped structure (right)

表1 不同长宽比kirigami改进梯形波纹结构和盒型结构的几何参数

Table 1 Geometric parameters of Kirigami modified trapezoidal corrugated structure and box-shaped structure with different aspect ratios

结构	a/ mm	b/ mm	c/ mm	α/ (°)	β/ (°)	A_surf/ mm²	M/g
ST	18	24.5	4	125	90	696.12	1.98
LT	18	29	4	125	90	832.98	2.37
SA	10	19.25		78.3	81.35	695.87	2.17
LA	10	26.29		78.3	80.5	839.53	2.65

图2 准静态压缩试验照片及试件约束

Fig.2 Photos of quasi-static compression test and specimen constraints

图3 准静态压缩试验和数值仿真结果

Fig.3 Quasi static compression test and numerical simulation results curve

表2 SA、ST、LA和LT四种结构在准静态试验和数值模拟下的吸能指标参数及误差

Table 2 Energy absorption index parameters and errors of SA, ST, LA, and LT in quasi-static test and numerical simulation

结构	IPCF/kN		EA/J		L_max/mm		P_m/kN		CFE		SEA/(J·g^-1)
结构	试验值	仿真值	试验值	仿真值	试验值	仿真值	试验值	仿真值	试验值	仿真值	试验值	仿真值	误差/%
SA	8.47	7.82	43.40	43.83	7.70	7.29	5.64	6.01	0.67	0.77	20.00	20.20	0.99
ST	4.50	5.12	37.90	41.03	6.91	7.44	5.48	5.51	1.22	1.08	19.14	20.72	8.26
LA	9.52	9.19	46.03	48.75	7.57	7.56	6.08	6.45	0.64	0.70	17.37	18.40	5.91
LT	5.05	5.35	33.00	36.06	6.35	7.21	5.20	5.00	1.03	0.93	13.92	15.22	9.27

表3 316L不锈钢材料Johnson-Cook模型参数

Table 3 Johnson-Cook model parameters of 316L stainless steel

A/ MPa	B/ MPa	n	m	C	$ε · 0$ / s^-1	T_r/ K	T_m/ K
301	553.7	0.596	1.3646	0.04963	1	298.15	1673.15

表3 316L不锈钢材料Johnson-Cook模型参数

Table 3 Johnson-Cook model parameters of 316L stainless steel

A/ MPa	B/ MPa	n	m	C	$ε · 0$ / s^-1	T_r/ K	T_m/ K
301	553.7	0.596	1.3646	0.04963	1	298.15	1673.15

图4 LA结构在不同网格尺寸下的力-位移曲线

Fig.4 Force-displacement curves of LA structure under the condition of different grid sizes

表4 SA、LA、ST和LT四种结构试件在0、0.25、0.50和0.75应变下的变形应力云图和试验压缩变形过程

Table 4 Deformation stress nephograms and experimental compression deformation processes of SA, LA, ST, and LT structural specimens, at 0, 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75 strains

图5 爆炸冲击载荷下的波纹板三维模型及边界条件

Fig.5 Three-dimensional model and boundary conditions of the corrugated plate under explosive impact load

表5 4340合金钢材料Johnson-Cook模型参数

Table 5 Johnson-Cook model parameters of 4340 alloy steel

A/MPa	B/MPa	n	m	C	T_r/K	T_m/K
910	586	0.26	1.03	0.014	298	1726

表6 SA、LA、ST和LT结构为芯层胞元的波纹板在动态爆炸冲击载荷作用下吸能效果对比

Table 6 Comparison of energy absorption effects of corrugated plates with SA, LA, ST, and LT structures as core cells under dynamic explosive impact loads

结构	最大背凸/ mm	稳定背凸/ mm	中心点最大速度/(m·s^-1)	芯层质量比吸能/(J·g^-1)
SA	3.19	1.36	28.30	17.44
ST	3.53	1.49	22.37	17.36
LA	2.63	0.98	25.12	15.30
LT	3.12	1.16	21.23	14.50

图6 底板中心点位移随时间变化曲线

Fig.6 Changing curve of displacement of the center point of bottom plate over time

图7 芯层塑性变形吸能随时间变化曲线

Fig.7 Changing curves of plastic deformation and energy absorption of core layer over time

表7 以SA、LA、ST和LT结构为芯层胞元的波纹板在动态爆炸冲击载荷作用下时刻为0.1ms、0.2ms、0.4ms、0.8ms的应力云图

Table 7 Stress nephograms of corrugated plates with SA, LA, ST, and LT structures as core cells under dynamic explosive impact load at 0.1ms, 0.2ms, 0.4ms, and 0.8ms

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