带椭球形气囊航行体落水-上浮过程仿真

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2022.0503

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对水下发射模型试验中的模型低速落水问题,提出一种带椭球形气囊的航行体落水回收方案,两个气囊等距分布在航行体两侧,航行体与气囊之间用连接带相连。数值仿真基于Abaqus的耦合欧拉-拉格朗日方法,通过对比AUV头段入水的试验结果和仿真结果,验证数值方法的有效性。分析在不同姿态角和不同初始囊压的条件下,带气囊航行体低速落水后的运动过程、囊压变化以及连接带的受力情况。研究结果表明,航行体姿态角是影响落水-上浮过程的最重要因素,初始囊压次之;对于最大落水深度、囊压峰值、拉力峰值而言,趋于垂直落水的工况更加危险,最大落水深度为1.33倍航行体长度,最大囊压为3.7倍基准囊压,连接带最大拉力为2.2倍航行体重力。这些结论可为航行体落水回收的方案设计与结构参数设计提供参考依据。

关键词: 航行体, 气囊, 落水冲击, 耦合欧拉-拉格朗日方法

Abstract:

A recovery scheme of vehicle with ellipsoidal airbags is proposed for the problem of model falling into the water at low speed in the underwater launch model test. The numerical simulation is based on Abaqus coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian method, and the effectiveness of the numerical method is verified by comparing the numerical and experimental results of the AUV head section entering into the water. The motion process of the vehicle with airbags entering the water at low speed, the change of airbag pressure and the force of the connecting belt under the conditions of different attitude angles and different initial airbag pressures are analyzed. The results show that the attitude angle of vehicle is the most important factor affecting the falling-floating process, followed by the initial airbag pressure. For the maximum depth of falling into the water, the peak value of airbag pressure and the peak value of pulling force, the condition that tends to fall vertically is more dangerous, the maximum depth of falling into the water is 1.33 times the length of vehicle, the maximum airbag pressure is 3.7 times the baseline airbag pressure, and the maximum pulling force of connecting belt is 2.2 times the gravity of vehicle. These conclusions can provide a reference for the design of recovery scheme and structural parameters for the vehicles falling into the water.

Key words: vehicle, airbag, water-entry impact, coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian method

中图分类号:

TJ63⁺1.7

包健, 马贵辉, 孙龙泉, 陈惟楚, 李明. 带椭球形气囊航行体落水-上浮过程仿真[J]. 兵工学报, 2024, 45(1): 206-218.

BAO Jian, MA Guihui, SUN Longquan, CHEN Weichu, LI Ming. Simulation of Falling-floating Process of Vehicle with Ellipsoidal Airbags[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(1): 206-218.

图/表 25

表1 水的参数

Table 1 Parameters of water

线性U_S-U_P方程参数			物理性质参数
c₀/(m·s^-1)	s	Γ₀	密度/(kg·m^-3)	动力黏度/(Pa·s)
1480	0	0	1000	0.001

图1 物理模型装配图

Fig.1 Assembly diagram of physical model

表2 空气参数

Table 2 Parameters of air

MW	$a ~$	$b ~$	$c ~$	$d ~$	$e ~$
0.0289	28.11	1.967×10^-3	4.802×10^-6	-1.966×10^-9	0

表2 空气参数

Table 2 Parameters of air

MW	$a ~$	$b ~$	$c ~$	$d ~$	$e ~$
0.0289	28.11	1.967×10^-3	4.802×10^-6	-1.966×10^-9	0

表3 各部件主要材料参数

Table 3 Main material parameters of each component

部件名称	密度/(kg·m^-3)	弹性模量/GPa	泊松比
航行体	1270	210	0.3
囊布	840	16	0.2
连接带	840	16	0.2

图2 带气囊航行体网格划分

Fig.2 Mesh division of vehicle with airbags

图3 欧拉域网格划分

Fig.3 Mesh division of Euler domain

图4 网格无关性验证

Fig.4 Grid independence verification

图5 AUV头段模型

Fig.5 Model of AUV head section

图6 AUV头段入水数值模型

Fig.6 Numerical model of AUV head section entering water

图7 入水过程对比(上为试验结果,下为仿真结果)

Fig.7 Comparison of water-entry processes (The upper part shows the experimental results, and the lower part shows the simulation results)

图8 轴向加速度对比

Fig.8 Comparison of axial accelerations

图9 初始时刻航行体运动参数示意图

Fig.9 Schematic diagram of motion parameters of vehicle at the initial time

图10 连接带编号示意图

Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the numbering of connecting belts

图11 带气囊航行体垂直落水无量纲速度

Fig.11 Dimensionless velocity of vehicle with airbags vertically falling into the water

图12 带气囊航行体垂直落水-上浮过程

Fig.12 Vertically falling and floating processes of vehicle with airbags

图13 带气囊航行体倾斜落水尾部垂向无量纲速度

Fig.13 Dimensionless vertical velocity of vehicle with airbags obliquely falling into the water

表4 带气囊航行体倾斜落水-上浮过程

Table 4 Obliquely falling and floating processes of vehicle with airbags

图14 各姿态角下带气囊航行体落水无量纲囊压

Fig.14 Dimensionless airbag pressures at different attitude angles of vehicle with airbags when falling into the water

图15 各姿态角下带气囊航行体落水无量纲深度

Fig.15 Dimensionless falling depths of vehicle with airbags at different attitude angles

表5 各姿态角下带气囊航行体落水最大无量纲深度

Table 5 Maximum dimensionless falling depths of vehicle with airbags at different attitude angles

α/(°)	最大无量纲深度 $U ¯ m a x$	对应无量纲时刻 $t ¯$
20	-0.90	3.096
45	-0.97	3.026
70	-1.24	2.881
90	-1.33	3.083

表5 各姿态角下带气囊航行体落水最大无量纲深度

Table 5 Maximum dimensionless falling depths of vehicle with airbags at different attitude angles

α/(°)	最大无量纲深度 $U ¯ m a x$	对应无量纲时刻 $t ¯$
20	-0.90	3.096
45	-0.97	3.026
70	-1.24	2.881
90	-1.33	3.083

图16 各姿态角下单侧连接带无量纲拉力

Fig.16 Dimensionless tension forces of one-side connecting belts at different attitude angles

表6 各姿态角下单侧连接带承受的最大无量纲拉力

Table 6 Maximum dimensionless tensile forces of one-side connecting belt at different attitude angles

姿态角α/(°)	最大无量纲拉力 $F ¯ m a x$	起主要作用的连接带编号
20	0.98	3和4
45	0.79	3和4
70	0.94	3和4
90	2.01	3

表6 各姿态角下单侧连接带承受的最大无量纲拉力

Table 6 Maximum dimensionless tensile forces of one-side connecting belt at different attitude angles

姿态角α/(°)	最大无量纲拉力 $F ¯ m a x$	起主要作用的连接带编号
20	0.98	3和4
45	0.79	3和4
70	0.94	3和4
90	2.01	3

图17 各初始囊压下最大无量纲落水深度

Fig.17 Maximum dimensionless falling depths at different initial airbag pressures

图18 各初始囊压下单侧连接带最大无量纲拉力

Fig.18 Maximum dimensionless tensile forces of one-side connecting belts at different initial airbag pressures

图19 各初始囊压下无量纲囊压峰值

Fig.19 Peak dimensionless pressures at different initial airbag pressures

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