含适配器的潜射导弹运载器跨介质发射分离建模与仿真

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2022.0001

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以含弹性适配器导弹运载器的跨介质弹射分离问题为对象,基于分数容积障碍法,采用流体体积多相流理论和RNG k-ε湍流模式建立导弹运载器水面分离多物理场耦合模型。以圆柱体入水为仿真算例进行数值模拟,计算值与实验结果吻合良好,验证了数值模型的精度和有效性。分别对导弹在波谷、波峰环境下的弹射出水,以及在不同初始俯仰角和出水初速度下的弹射分离过程进行数值模拟,得出初始俯仰角、出水速度、出水位置对运载器式导弹水面分离的影响。综合考虑波峰、波谷位置出水筒-弹分离时刻导弹的俯仰角并以波谷位置出水筒-弹分离时刻导弹俯仰角达到0°为准则,得到最佳初始俯仰角为3.24°。仿真方法和结果对工程应用具有重要参考价值。

关键词: 潜射导弹, 运载器, 跨介质, 弹道特性

Abstract:

In order to solve the problem of transmedia ejection separation of missile carrier with elastic adapter, based on the fractional areas-volume obstacle representation (FAVOUR) method, a multi-physical field coupling model for missile separation from the carrier near the free surface is established by using the RNG k-ε turbulence model and VOF function. The numerical simulation of the water entry process of the cylinder is carried out, and the calculated results are consistent with the experimental data, which verifies the rationality of the numerical model. The ejection and separation processes of the missile in trough and crest environments and at different initial pitch angles and initial velocities of water exit are numerically simulated, and the effects of initial pitch angle, water exit velocity and position above the water surface on the submarine-launched missile separated from the carrier are obtained. Considering the pitch angle of the missile at the moment of separation from the launch tube at the wave crest and trough positions, the optimal initial pitch angle is 3.24° based on the criterion that the pitch angle of the missile reaches 0° at the separation time at the wave trough position. The simulation method and results are of referential significance for engineering applications.

Key words: submarine-launched missile, carrier, cross media, ballistic characteristics

刘冰, 程栋, 卢丙举, 陈霄瀚, 乐贵高. 含适配器的潜射导弹运载器跨介质发射分离建模与仿真[J]. 兵工学报, 2023, 44(5): 1237-1250.

LIU Bing, CHENG Dong, LU Bingju, CHEN Xiaohan, LE Guigao. Modeling and Simulation of Transmedia Separation of Missile Ejected from Carrier with Adapter[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(5): 1237-1250.

图/表 21

图1 水面分离示意图

Fig.1 Diagram of missile separation near free surface

表1 计算工况设置

Table 1 Computational conditions

工况	出水位置	出水倾斜角度/(°)	出水速度/ (m·s^-1)	角速度/ ((°)·s^-1)
1	波谷	2	9	5
2	波峰	2	9	5
3	波谷	5	9	5
4	波峰	5	9	5
5	波谷	10	9	5
6	波峰	10	9	5
7	波谷	5	11	5
8	波峰	5	11	5
9	波谷	5	13	5
10	波峰	5	13	5

图2 分离过程运载器和导弹受力示意图

Fig.2 Diagram of forces on carrier and missile in separation process

图3 边界条件类型

Fig.3 Type of boundary conditions

图4 气-液两相图(上)与实验高速摄影图像(下)

Fig.4 Gas-liquid two-phase diagrams (above) and high-speed photographs (below)

图5 质心速度与倾斜角度对比

Fig.5 Comparison of centroid velocity and inclination angle

表2 工况1~工况6分离状态图像

Table 2 Images of separating state in case 1~6

图6 工况1~工况6导弹质心坐标变化图

Fig.6 Displacement of missile centroid in case 1~6

图7 工况1~工况6运载器质心坐标变化图

Fig.7 Displacement of carrier centroid in case 1~6

图8 工况1~工况6导弹姿态角变化图

Fig.8 Attitude angles of missile in case 1~6

图9 工况1~工况6运载器姿态角变化图

Fig.9 Attitude angles of carrier in case 1~6

表3 不同初始倾斜角度工况的导弹俯仰角变化

Table 3 Variation of missile pitch angle under different conditions of initial inclination angle

时刻	工况1	工况2	工况3	工况4	工况5	工况6
初始时刻	2°	2°	5°	5°	10°	10°
筒-弹分离时刻	-1.33°	18.06°	1.96°	19.9°	6.77°	26.6°

图10 不同初始倾斜角度工况的运载器和导弹轴向速度变化

Fig.10 Axial velocity variation of carrier and missile under different conditions of initial inclination angle

图11 导弹俯仰角拟合图像

Fig.11 Fitting image of missile pitch angle

表4 工况3、工况4、工况7、工况8、工况9和工况10分离状态图像

Table 4 Images of separating state in case 3, 4, 7, 8, 9 and 10

图12 工况3、工况4、工况7、工况8、工况9、工况10 导弹质心坐标变化图

Fig.12 Displacement of missile centroid in case 3, 4, 7, 8, 9 and 10

图13 工况3、工况4、工况7、工况8、工况9、工况10 运载器质心坐标变化图

Fig.13 Displacement of carrier centroid in case 3, 4, 7, 8, 9 and 10

图14 工况3、工况4、工况7、工况8、工况9、工况10 导弹姿态角变化图

Fig.14 Attitude angle of missile in case 3, 4, 7, 8, 9 and 10

图15 工况3、工况4、工况7、工况8、工况9、工况10 运载器姿态角变化图

Fig.15 Attitude angles of launch tube in case 3, 4, 7, 8, 9 and 10

表5 不同出水速度工况的导弹俯仰角变化

Table 5 Variation of missile pitch angle under different velocity conditions

时刻	工况3	工况4	工况7	工况8	工况9	工况10
初始时刻	5°	5°	5°	5°	5°	5°
筒-弹分离时刻	1.96°	19.9°	1.7°	15.2°	0.9°	13.7°

图16 不同出水速度工况的运载器和导弹轴向速度变化

Fig.16 Axial velocity variation of carrier and missile under different velocity conditions

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