步枪弹高速冲击下防弹头盔功能梯度泡沫内衬的防护性能

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2021.06.018

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为开发能够抵御步枪弹的新型防弹头盔，研究功能梯度泡沫内衬在防弹头盔中的防护作用，通过材料压缩试验获得30 kg/m³、45 kg/m³和60 kg/m³ 3种不同密度发泡聚丙烯泡沫的力学性能，开展枪弹高速冲击功能梯度泡沫内衬防护下的假人颅脑试验并进行仿真研究。利用人颅脑试验和数值模拟计算，分析均质泡沫、正负梯度、凹凸梯度组合防护下的颅脑生物力学响应，以及泡沫局部和整体的能量吸收。结果表明：分层泡沫的能量吸收主要集中在靠近头部的支撑层，占泡沫吸收总能量的62.33%；平均密度相同时，梯度结构相较均质结构防护效果更显著，且负梯度优于正梯度；凸梯度结构在降低整体质量的同时，较其他梯度结构至少增加19.57%的能量吸收。

关键词: 防弹头盔, 枪弹, 功能梯度泡沫, 高速冲击, 能量吸收, 防护性能

Abstract: The mechanical properties of 30 kg/m³, 45 kg/m³ and 60 kg/m³ foamed polypropylene foams with different densities were obtained through material compression experiments, and the cranial response of a dummy under the protection of a functional gradient foam lining subjected to high velocity impact of gunshot was tested and simulated to analyze the cranial biomechanical response under the combination of homogeneous foam, positive and negative gradients, and concave and convex gradients. Based on this, a new type of bulletproof helmet capable of resisting rifle bullets was developed, and the protective effect of functionally graded foam lining in bulletproof helmet was studied. The local and overall energy absorption of the foam was analyzed. The results show that the energy absorption of the layered foam is mainly concentrated in the support layer near the head, accounting for 62.33% of the total energy absorption of the foam; the gradient structure has more significant protection effect than the homogeneous structure when the average density is the same, and the negative gradient is better than the positive gradient in protection; the convex gradient structure increases the energy absorption by at least 19.57% compared with other gradient structures while reducing the overall weight.

Key words: bulletproofhelmet, bullet, functionallygradedfoam, high-speedimpact, protectiveproperty, energyabsorption

中图分类号:

TJ012.4

郑秋杰, 郭迎福, 蔡志华, 张磊. 步枪弹高速冲击下防弹头盔功能梯度泡沫内衬的防护性能[J]. 兵工学报, 2021, 42(6): 1275-1282.

ZHENG Qiujie, GUO Yingfu, CAI Zhihua, ZHANG Lei. Protective Performance of Functionally Graded Foam Lining Subjected to High-speed Rifle Bullet Impact[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2021, 42(6): 1275-1282.

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第42卷第6期2021 年6月
兵工学报ACTA ARMAMENTARII
Vol.42No.6Jun.2021

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