聚能射流侵彻仿真计算的追踪校核方法及应用

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2025.0337

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了使聚能侵彻仿真满足迅捷、准确的实用要求,通过对已有仿真程序进一步开发,设计并实现了针对射流侵彻仿真的实时追踪校核软件。软件基于Qt开发,对仿真过程进行追踪,实时读取射流长度、头部速度等结果。构造的可视化显示窗口,可以实现对目标物理量的同步可视化追踪。软件嵌入聚能射流侵彻准定常理论公式,根据误差阈值对仿真结果进行校核,及时捕捉可能出现的异常或反物理现象的结果,保证数值模拟结果满足科学、准确的实用要求。以聚能射流侵彻厚钢靶板为例,分析其侵彻过程,锥角、装药直径对侵彻性能的影响。结果表明,该软件适用于射流侵彻靶板类仿真过程的数据追踪与校核,保证了计算结果的科学性与可靠性,提高了计算效率,为进一步的数据信息提取与分析提供助益。

关键词: 聚能射流, 侵彻, 仿真计算, 追踪, 校核, 可视化

Abstract:

To meet the practical requirements of swiftness and accuracy in shaped charge penetration simulation, a real-time tracking and verification software for jet penetration simulation was designed and implemented through further development of an existing simulation program. Developed based on Qt, the software tracks the simulation process and reads key results in real time, such as jet length and tip velocity. A visualized display window was constructed to enable synchronous visual tracking of target physical quantities. The software integrates quasi-steady theoretical models of shaped charge jet penetration, enabling automated verification of simulation results against predefined error thresholds. This capability allows timely detection of numerical anomalies and unphysical phenomena, thereby ensuring the scientific validity and practical accuracy of the computational outcomes. The penetration of thick steel plates by shaped charge jets was analyzed to investigate the process and the influence of cone angle and charge diameter. The results demonstrate that the software is well-suited for data tracking and verification in jet penetration simulations, ensuring the scientific validity and reliability of the computational results while improving operational efficiency. Furthermore, it provides a robust foundation for subsequent data extraction and in-depth analysis.

Key words: shaped charge jet, penetration, simulating calculation, tracking, verification, visualization

赵海涛, 许香照. 聚能射流侵彻仿真计算的追踪校核方法及应用[J]. 兵工学报, 2025, 46(10): 250337-.

ZHAO Haitao, XU Xiangzhao. A Tracking and Verification Method for Shaped Charge Jet Penetration Simulation with Application[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2025, 46(10): 250337-.

图/表 20

表1 开发环境

Table 1 Development environment

类别	具体内容
开发平台	Qt 5.12
编译器	MinGW 32-bit
计算机语言	C++
操作系统	Windows 10
主要基类	QChart类
硬件信息	CPU 1.00GHz,4核/8线程,8GB内存

图1 加入追踪校核软件后的仿真计算示意图

Fig.1 Flowchart of the simulating calculation after adding the tracking verifying software

图2 追踪校核软件架构示意图

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of tracking and verifying software architecture

表2 文本流读入算法

Table 2 Textstream reading algorithm

文本流读入.dat文件
1.	QFileDialog::getOpenFileName()函数定位数据文件;
2.	QStringList类构建文件内容字符串列表;
3.	QFile aFile()函数创建一个QFile对象并关联到指定的文件
4.	QTextStream类通过文本流读取文件;
5.	readLine()函数读取文件的每一行,append()函数将内容添加到已构建的字符串列表;
6.	aLineText.split ()函数对.dat文件数据进行分割
7.	append()函数写入数据

图3 QChart继承关系

Fig.3 Inheritance diagram of QChart

图4 构造的函数及功能

Fig.4 Constructed functions and functionalities

图5 软件交互界面

Fig.5 Interactive interface of the software

图6 聚能装药侵彻厚钢靶示意图

Fig.6 Schematic of shaped charge jet penetration into a thick steel target

表3 B炸药爆炸性能参数

Table 3 Explosive performance parameters of B explosives

参数	密度/ (g·cm^-3)	爆压/ GPa	爆速/ (m·s^-1)	爆热/ (kJ·cm^-3)
数值	1.666	28.0	8221	10.132

表4 B炸药JWL状态方程参数

Table 4 Parameters of JWL equation of state for B Explosives

参数	A/GPa	B/GPa	R₁	R₂	ω
数值	1141.8	23.9143	5.70	1.65	0.60

表5 45#钢材料性能参数

Table 5 Material performance parameters of 45# steel

参数	G/ GPa	ρ₀/ GPa	ρ_s/ g·cm^-3	C	P_s/ GPa	plap/ GPa	Y⁰/ GPa	e_m/ kJ·g^-1
数值	83.427	7.806	7.416	3.811	-1.65	45	0.663	3.0

表6 45#钢药型罩状态方程参数

Table 6 45# steel parameters of equation of state

参数	A	S₁	S₂	S₃	Г
数值	0.0	1.33	0.00	0.00	2.00

图7 参数设置

Fig.7 Parameter setting

图8 追踪校核软件执行报错界面

Fig.8 Error reporting interface of the tracking and verification software

图9 仿真计算结束

Fig.9 Completed simulation calculation

图10 软件接口

Fig.10 Software interface

图11 射流侵彻速度与侵彻深度时程图

Fig.11 Jet penetration velocity and penetration depth over time

图12 射流形成及侵彻三维/二维切片图

Fig.12 3D and 2D slices of jet formation and penetration

表7 多种工况聚能侵彻结果

Table 7 Penetration results of shaped charge under various working conditions

装药直径/ mm	锥角/ (°)	头部最大速度/ (m·s^-1)	侵彻深度/ mm
90	60	7260	260
90	100	6430	170
90	140	5260	42
150	60	6810	500
150	100	5980	310
150	140	4980	81
200	60	6500	755
200	100	5670	505
200	140	4660	144

图13 各工况侵彻深度对比

Fig.13 Comparison of penetration depths under various operating conditions

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