多次冲击下泡沫铝动态压缩力学性能试验与本构模型研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2018.12.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于分离式霍普金森压杆装置对泡沫铝试样进行多次冲击加载试验，研究泡沫铝在中低应变率下的动态压缩力学性能。通过分析泡沫铝破坏形貌、透波率、应力-应变曲线以及能量吸收效率随冲击加载次数的变化规律，研究了损伤累积对材料动态力学性能以及吸能特性的影响机理。试验结果表明：随着冲击次数的增加，泡沫铝内部胞孔结构逐步崩溃压实，对应力波的衰减作用减弱，弹性极限应力及对应应变均有增强效应，且多次冲击下的损伤累积效应有助于提高理想吸能效率。基于试验所得应力-应变曲线，将损伤累积变量引入Sherwood-Frost方程，建立泡沫铝材料多次冲击下损伤累积本构模型，分析了形状函数参考曲线对应损伤累积能量与多次冲击试验损伤累积能量差值对本构模型准确性的影响，并进行了试验验证。

关键词: 泡沫铝, 动态压缩, 吸能效率, 损伤累积, 本构模型

Abstract: In order to investigate the dynamic mechanical properties of aluminum foams under repeated impact loading, the impact tests were performed using spilt Hopkinson pressure bar. The effect of cumulative damage on the dynamic mechanical properties and energy absorption characteristics of the material is studied by analyzing the changes of damage morphology, wave transmittance, stress-strain curve and energy absorption efficiency of aluminum foams with the number of impact loading. The results show that, with the increase in impact time, the cell structure in aluminum foam collapses progressively, the attenuation of stress wave weakens, the elastic limit stress and corresponding strain are enhanced, and the cumulative effect of damage on aluminum foams under repeated impact is helpful to improve the ideal energy absorption efficiency. Based on the measured stress-strain curves , the damage accumulative variables are introduced into the Sherwood-Frost equation. A damage cumulative constitutive model of aluminum foams under repeated impact is established. the influence of the difference between the damage cumulative energy corresponding to the reference curve of shape function and the cumulative energy in multiple impact test on the prediction accuracy of the constitutive model is analyzed and is experimentally verified. Key

Key words: aluminumfoam, dynamiccompression, energyabsorptionefficiency, damageaccumulation, constitutivemodel

中图分类号:

O347.7

高华，熊超，殷军辉. 多次冲击下泡沫铝动态压缩力学性能试验与本构模型研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2018, 39(12): 2410-2419.

GAO Hua， XIONG Chao， YIN Jun-hui. Experimental and Constitutive Model on Dynamic Compressive Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Foams under RepeatedImpacts[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2018, 39(12): 2410-2419.

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第39卷第12期
2018 年12月兵工学报ACTA
ARMAMENTARIIVol.39No.12Dec. 2018

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