基于超声技术的齿轮残余应力测量方法研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2015.09.022

兵工学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (9): 1757-1765.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2015.09.022

基于超声技术的齿轮残余应力测量方法研究

潘勤学¹，刘帅¹，肖定国¹，靳鑫²

（1.北京理工大学先进加工技术国防重点学科实验室北京 100081；2.西安现代控制技术研究所陕西西安 710065）

收稿日期:2015-01-08 修回日期:2015-01-08 上线日期:2015-11-20
通讯作者: 潘勤学 E-mail:panqx@bit.edu.cn
作者简介:潘勤学(1981—)，男，讲师
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(51305028)

The Method of Gear Residual Stress Measurement Based on Ultrasonic Technology

PAN Qin-xue¹， LIU Shuai¹， XIAO Ding-guo¹， JIN Xin²

(1.Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science for National Defense for Advanced Machining Technology,2Xi’an Modern Control Technology Institute, Xi’an 710065, Shaanxi, China)

Received:2015-01-08 Revised:2015-01-08 Online:2015-11-20
Contact: PAN Qin-xue E-mail:panqx@bit.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 齿轮是机械传动中最重要的零部件之一，被广泛应用于各类军用和民用机械装备中。国防工业的发展对齿轮传动的使用寿命、传动效率、可靠性等都提出了越来越高的要求。齿轮在服役使用过程中经常发生齿轮的失效，失效的模式多为轮齿齿面的疲劳点蚀和根部疲劳断裂，失效的现象严重影响了装备的传动性能以及可靠性。引起这两种失效的主要原因是工作过程中的疲劳，而残余应力是引起疲劳失效的主要原因之一。由于齿轮的形状复杂，轮齿空间狭窄，传统方法很难准确、快速地进行齿轮残余应力的测量。提出了利用超声临界折射纵波测量齿轮残余应力的方法，研究了临界折射纵波在齿面及齿根附近的传播规律、设计了用于齿轮残余应力测量的传感器和自动化测量装置。研究结果表明，采用超声临界折射纵波法能够实现齿轮残余应力的准确、快速测量。

关键词: 机械制造工艺与设备, 无损检测, 残余应力, 超声, 齿轮

Abstract: Gear has been widely used in each field, such as equipment manufacturing, due to its important role in mechanical transmission. With the development of defense industry, the higher performance requirements of gears, such as fatigue life, transmission efficiency and reliability, are raised. Gear always fails in its service life. The fatigue pitting and fatigue crack are two main fatigue failure modes of gear. The two fatigue failure modes seriously influence the transmission performance and reliability. The residual stress is one of the main factors of fatigue failure. The traditional methods are difficult to measure the residual stress accurately and fast due to the complex shape of gear and the limited space. A new method is proposed to measure the gear residual stress by using L_CR. Propagation laws of critically refracted longitudinal wave on the tooth surface and near the tooth root are studied, and a special transducer and an automatic detection device for measuring the residual stress are designed. The experimental results indicate that the residual stress of gear can be measured accurately and fast with L_CR.

Key words: manufacturing technology and equipment, non-destructive testing, residual stress, ultrasonic, gear

中图分类号:

TH16

潘勤学，刘帅，肖定国，靳鑫. 基于超声技术的齿轮残余应力测量方法研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2015, 36(9): 1757-1765.

PAN Qin-xue， LIU Shuai， XIAO Ding-guo， JIN Xin. The Method of Gear Residual Stress Measurement Based on Ultrasonic Technology[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2015, 36(9): 1757-1765.

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基于超声技术的齿轮残余应力测量方法研究

The Method of Gear Residual Stress Measurement Based on Ultrasonic Technology

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