机电复合传动高线速转子-行星齿轮系统耦合振动特性

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2022.0861

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

机电复合传动系统作为未来传动形式的主要发展方向,有着传递功率大,运转速度高等特点。在运行过程中转子自身由于高转速所带来的振动会与行星齿轮啮合时产生的振动相互影响,从而形成转子-行星齿轮系统耦合振动过程。建立了机电复合传动转子-行星齿轮系统耦合振动动力学模型,分析了不同转速下转子-行星齿轮系统振动特性,开展了转子-行星齿轮系统模态分析并将模态分析结果与振动特性进行了对比,通过研究转子-行星齿轮系统的振动特性,揭示了系统振动随转速升高而增大,在经过一定转速区间时振动会维持在一定水平内,随着转速继续升高,系统振动又将逐渐增大。通过研究得到了齿轮系统与驱动电机转子耦合作用下的振动特性,为机电复合传动系统高速化设计提供了理论依据。

关键词: 机电复合传动系统, 转子-行星齿轮系统, 耦合振动特性, 模型分析

Abstract:

As the main development direction of future transmission forms, the electro-mechanical transmission system has the characteristics of large transmission power and high operating speed. During operation, the vibration of the rotor caused by its high speed interact with the vibration generated by planetary gear meshing, thus forming the coupling vibration process of the rotor-planetary gear system. A coupling vibration dynamic model of rotor-planetary gear electro-mechanical transmission system is established, the vibration characteristics of the system at different speeds are analyzed, the modal analysis of the system is performed, and the results of the modal analysis are compared with the vibration characteristics. By studying the vibration characteristics of the rotor-planetary gear system, it is revealed that system vibration increases with the speed. When passing a certain speed range, the vibration remains at a certain level. As the speed continues to rise, system vibration gradually increases. The vibration characteristics under the coupling effect of the gear system and the drive motor rotor are obtained, which provides a theoretical basis for the high-speed design of the electro-mechanical transmission system.

Key words: electro-mechanical transmission, rotor-Planetary gear system, coupled vibration characteristic, model analysis

中图分类号:

TJ81⁺0.3

曾根, 马长军, 庞大千, 李同辉, 张楠. 机电复合传动高线速转子-行星齿轮系统耦合振动特性[J]. 兵工学报, 2023, 44(1): 156-164.

ZENG Gen, MA Changjun, PANG Daqian, LI Tonghui, ZHANG Nan. Coupling Vibration Characteristics of High Linear Speed Rotor-planetary Gear Electro-mechanical Transmission System[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(1): 156-164.

图/表 18

图1 齿轮转子系统动力学模型

Fig.1 Dynamic model of the gear-rotor system

图2 行星齿轮系统动力学关系示意图

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of dynamic relationship of the planetary gear system

图3 转子-行星齿轮系统简图

Fig.3 Diagram of the rotor-planetary gear system

图4 转子-行星齿轮系统三维模型示意图

Fig.4 Three dimensional model of the rotor-planetary gear system

表1 转子-齿轮系统参数

Table 1 Rotor-gear system parameters

部件	齿数	模数/ mm	压力角/(°)	杨氏模量 E/(N·mm^-2)	泊松比	齿宽/ mm
太阳轮	37	3	20	2.07×10⁵	0.29	20
行星轮	22	3	20	2.07×10⁵	0.29	20
齿圈	79	3	20	2.07×10⁵	0.29	20
转子				2.07×10⁵	0.29

图5 转子-行星齿轮系统仿真模型

Fig.5 Simulation model of the rotor-planetary gear system

图6 4000r/m下转子-行星齿轮系统太阳轮振动STFT谱

Fig.6 STFT spectrum of sun gear vibration of the rotor-planetary gear system at 4000r/m

图7 3000~12000r/m转速期间内太阳轮振动STFT幅值

Fig.7 STFT amplitude of sun gear vibration in the speed range of 3000~12000r/m

图8 3000~12000r/m转速期间内传动轴振动STFT幅值

Fig.8 STFT amplitude of internal transmission shaft vibration at 3000~12000r/m

图9 4000r/m下太阳轮与行星轮瞬态接触力

Fig.9 Transient contact force between the sun gear and the planetary gear at 4000r/m

图10 3000r/m下太阳轮与行星轮瞬态接触力

Fig.10 Transient contact force between the sun gear and the planetary gear at 3000r/m

图11 齿轮系统实验台示意图

Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the gear system test bench

图12 无故障与裂纹处理后的齿轮-转子系统FFT

Fig.12 FFT of the gear-rotor system after fault free and crack treatments

表2 不同故障状态下实验与仿真结果

Table 2 Comparison between experiment at and simulatied results under the differen failur conditions

主频幅值	无故障齿轮	3mm裂纹齿轮	升高比率/%
实验值/(mm·s^-2)	0.098	0.1306	↑24.96
仿真值/(rad·s^-2)	26587	36454	↑27.06

图13 转子齿轮系统模态有限元仿真分析模型

Fig.13 Modal finite element analysis model of the rotor-gear system

表3 高线速转子-行星齿轮系统前30阶模态分析结果

Table 3 First 30-order modal analysis results of the high linear speed rotor-planetary gear system

阶次	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
频率/Hz	38.841	39.455	77.714	236.58	488.42	493.41	3446.4	4260.8	4344.3	4519.8
阶次	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20
频率/Hz	4743.7	4840.7	5011.8	5015.3	5240.1	5282.1	5953.5	6219.2	6670.2	6872.9
阶次	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30
频率/Hz	6913.8	7054.3	7058.8	7090.2	7148.8	7207.4	8035.6	8055.7	8182.5	8362.2

图14 高线速转子-行星齿轮系统前30阶模态结果曲线图

Fig.14 Curve of the first 30-order modal results of the high linear speed rotor-planetary gear system

图15 高线速转子-行星齿轮系统前9阶模态振型

Fig.15 First 9-order modal shapes of the high linear speed rotor-planetary gear system

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