The Influence of Strength of Jacket Materials on the Penetration Performance of WF/Zr-MG Rods

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2024.0726

Abstract

Abstract:

The influence of strength of jacket materials on the penetration performance of tungsten fibre/Zr-based bulk metallic glass (WF/Zr-MG) rod to obtain the armor piercing rods made of jacketed WF/Zr-MG matrix composite materials with high penetration efficiency.A 60mm-thick C45 steel plate is impacted by a composite structure rod made of two types of jacket materials (Q235 and 30CrMnSi steel) with an impact velocity of 1700-2000m/s in penetration experiment.Additionally,the erosion mechanisms of two types of rods are analyzed using the finite element analysis software.The experimental results indicate that the erosion mode of 30CrMnSi/ WF/-Zr-MG rod gradually changes from “co-erosion” in the initial penetration stage to “bi-erosion”.The jacket separates from the rod and does not play a role in protecting the rod,thus splitting the WF/Zr-MG rod to result in the unstable penetration performance of 30CrMnSi/WF/Zr-MG rods.The penetration efficiency fluctuates greatly within the experimental speed range with a difference of more than 50% (the highest penetration efficiency is 1.68,and the lowest penetration efficiency is only 1.03).In contrast,Q235/WF/Zr MG rods maintaine the penetration efficiency above 1.5 at all the experimental speeds.The Q235 jacket tightly adheres to the WF/-Zr-MG rod during penetration,and fails in a “co-erosion” manner with the rod,therefore suppressing the initiation and expansion of cracks inside the rod,eliminating the “splitting” phenomenon during penetration,providing a radial strength for the rod,and improving its penetration performance.The experimental results show that a suitable jacket material can help increase the penetration stability of WF/Zr-MG rods,but it is not necessarily the case that the higher the strength is,the better the penetration effect is.This conclusion provides theoretical support for the design of armor piercing rods made of jacketed WF/Zr-MG materials.

Key words: strength of jacket materials, WF/Zr-MG rod, erosion mechanism, penetration, penetration performance

CLC Number:

TJ414⁺.2

ZHOU Feng, LI Liguo, XING Bingnan, DU Chengxin, DU Zhonghua, WANG Peng, FU huameng. The Influence of Strength of Jacket Materials on the Penetration Performance of WF/Zr-MG Rods[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2025, 46(7): 240726-.

Figures/Tables 23

Fig.1 Cross-sectiona; morphology of WF/Zr-MG

Fig.2 Projectile for experiment

Fig.3 Stress-strain curves of two kinds of jacket materials

Fig.4 Experimental set-up

Table 1 Experimental parameters

实验编号	护套材料	弹芯质量/g	弹丸质量/g	弹芯初速/ (m·s^-1)
1-1	WF/Zr-MG+ 30CrMnSi steel	34.1	74.8	1757.6
1-2		34.1	74.3	1859.4
1-3		34.1	74.5	1984.9
1-4		34.2	74.6	2079
2-1	WF/Zr-MG+ Q235 steel	34.0	75.1	1730.2
2-2		34.4	75	1887
2-3		34.4	75.1	1966.2
2-4		34.2	74.8	1988.8

Fig.5 Flight attitudes of rod captured by high-speed camera

Fig.6 Post-test longitudinal section of targets impacted by WF/Zr-MG+30CrMnSi jacketed rod

Fig.7 Post-test longitudinal section of targets impacted by WF/Zr-MG+Q235 jacketed rod

Fig.8 The penetration efficiencies of two types of jacket rods

Table 2 Penetration power data

实验编号	护套材料	着靶速度/ (m·s^-1)	侵彻深度/ mm	侵彻效率 (P/L)	弹坑直径/ mm
1-1	WF/Zr-MG+ 30CrMnSi steel	1757.6	34.1	1.03	20.4
1-2		1859.4	52.43	1.58	17.89
1-3		1984.9	54.47	1.68	18.97
1-4		2079	37.45	1.13	20.2
2-1	WF/Zr- MG+Q235 钢	1730.2	51.5	1.56	18.1
2-2		1887	54.24	1.64	17.12
2-3		1966.2	54.25	1.64	17.76
2-4		1988.8	55.6	1.68	18.9

Fig.9 Microscopic images of WF/Zr-MG/30CrMnSi rod remnant in C45 steel at different penetration velocities

Fig.10 Microscopic images of WF/Zr-MG/ Q235 steel rod remnant in C45 steel at different penetration velocity

Fig.11 Magnified view of Area A in Fig.8

Fig.12 Magnified view of Area B in Fig.9

Fig.13 FE model

Table 3 Data summary for WFs and Zr-MG

材料	ρ/(g·cm^-3)	E/GPa	ν	σ_0.2/MPa	ε_b	σ_b/MPa
钨丝^[19]	19.22	390	0.28	1687	1.3%	2002
Zr基非晶合金^[20]	6.68	96	0.36			1000

Table 4 Data summary for Q235,30CrMnSi and C45 steel

材料	ρ(g·cm^-3)	A/MPa	B/MPa	n	c	m
Q235^[21]	7.85	235	46	0.36	0.0392	0.757
30CrMnSi ^[22]	7.85	1440	1500	0.44	0.039	0.404
C45#钢^[23-25]	7.85	496	320	0.28	0.064	1.06
C45TR钢^[23-25]	7.85	800	320	0.28	0.064	1.06
材料	D₁	D₂	D₃	D₄	D₅
Q235^[21]	43.408	44.608	-0.016	0.0145	0.046
30rMnSiC^[22]	43.408	44.608	-0.016	0.0145	0.046
C45#钢^[23-26]	0.1	0.76	1.57	0.005	-0.84
C45TR钢^[23-25]	0.1	0.76	1.57	0.005	-0.84

Fig.14 Penetration process of 30CrMnSi/WF/Zr-MG rod

Fig.15 Penetration process of C45TR/WF/Zr-MG rod

Fig.16 Penetration process of Q235/WF/Zr-MG rod

Fig.17 Penetration process of C45/WF/Zr-MG rod

Fig.18 The velocity reduction of each part of two types of rods

Fig.19 Theoretically calculated results of velocity reduction for two types of rods

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