Research on Friction Behavior of Environmentally Friendly Plating for Gun Barrels

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2022.0695

Abstract

Abstract:

The hexavalent chromium plating used on the bore surface of conventional barrel has good high-temperature wear resistance, but it brings a serious environmental pollution. In order to develop an environmentally friendly plating, the wear characteristics of four plating layers, i.e., hexavalent chromium, trivalent chromium, cobalt-nickel and nickel-tungsten, are compared and analyzed by characterizing the worn specimens at room temperature and high temperature (400℃) using ultra-deep field 3D microscope and scanning electron microscope. The results show that the hardnesses of trivalent chromium, nickel-tungsten, hexavalent chromium and cobalt-nickel plating layers decrease in descending order after qualitative tempering at 500℃, and the trivalent chromium plating layer is more brittle and the nickel-tungsten and cobalt-nickel plating layers are more ductile compared with the hexavalent chromium plating layer. After friction with H62 brass at room temperature, the hexavalent chromium and trivalent chromium plating layers show light friction, while the cobalt-nickel and nickel-tungsten plating players show obvious adhesion characteristics, and their friction coefficients are higher than those of the two chromium layers. After friction with 08Al steel at 400℃, the hexavalent chromium plating layer shows adhesive wear characteristics and high friction, the friction coefficient of trivalent chromium plating layer is relatively high, while the nickel-tungsten plating layer shows abrasive wear characteristics, its friction coefficient is close to that of hexavalent chromium plating layer, and its friction was relatively light.

Key words: gun barrel, plating layer, wear, friction coefficient, high temperature friction

CLC Number:

XU Jing, HU Chundong, LU Hengchang, DENG Yahui, XUE Jun, WEI Xicheng, DONG Han. Research on Friction Behavior of Environmentally Friendly Plating for Gun Barrels[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(2): 651-661.

Figures/Tables 16

Fig.1 Plating hardnesses after holding at different temperatures

Fig.2 Vickers hardness indentation morphology of plating cross-section after holding at 500℃

Fig.3 Friction coefficient of plating at room temperature

Table 1 Average value of friction coefficient at room temperature during stable wear stage

镀层	摩擦系数
六价铬	0.44
三价铬	0.58
钴-镍	0.71
镍-钨	0.76

Fig.4 Abrasion morphology at room temperature

Fig.5 Abrasion SEM morphology and EDS energy spectrum of hexavalent Cr plating at room temperature

Fig.6 Abrasion SEM morphology and EDS energy spectrum of trivalent Cr plating at room temperature

Fig.7 Abrasion SEM morphology and EDS energy spectrum of Co-Ni plating at room temperature

Fig.8 Abrasion SEM morphology and EDS energy spectrum of Ni-W plating at room temperature

Fig.9 Friction coefficient of plating at 400℃

Table 2 Average value of friction coefficient at high temperature during stable wear stage

镀层	摩擦系数
六价铬	0.57
三价铬	0.89
镍-钨	0.56

Table 3 Mass variation of 08Al steel pin samples before and after wear

镀层	质量变化/g
六价铬	-0.0065
三价铬	-0.0009
镍-钨	0.0008

Fig.10 Abrasion morphology at high temperature

Fig.11 Abrasion SEM morphology and EDS energy spectrum of hexavalent Cr plating at high temperature

Fig.12 Abrasion SEM morphology and EDS energy spectrum of trivalent Cr plating at high temperature

Fig.13 Abrasion SEM morphology and EDS energy spectrum of Ni-W plating at high temperature

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