Damage Behavior of CuCrZr Alloy Rail during Electromagnetic Launching

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2020.05.004

Abstract

Abstract: The damage behavior of CuCrZr alloy (C18150 alloy) rail is studied through electromagnetic launching test, in which C18150 alloy is used as rail material and 7075 aluminum alloy as armature material. After launching test, the rail material was macroscopically observed, and the 2D and 3D surface profiles were analyzed. The results show that, with the increase in armature velocity, the peak-valley spacing of surface fluctuation increases first and then decreases in the transverse direction. The degree of surface fluctuation decreases with the increase in armature velocity along the direction of armature motion. When the armature velocity reaches its maximum, the rail surface fluctuation is nearly 0 μm. Rail damage presents irregular phenomena in different stages: in the initial stage, the rail damage shows obvious heat damage; in the acceleration stage, it shows strong friction and wear characteristics, and certain melting effect; in the high-speed stage, the rail damage is mainly caused by mechanical wear, showing smooth friction interface and local plastic deformation. Key

Key words: electromagneticlaunching, copperalloy, frictionalwear, damageprofile, Jouleheat

CLC Number:

TJ866
TB34

HUANG Wei， YANG Liming， SHI Gening， ZHANG Yansong， TIAN Kaiwen， LIU Kai. Damage Behavior of CuCrZr Alloy Rail during Electromagnetic Launching[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2020, 41(5): 858-864.

References

［1］理查德·埃斯特里·马歇尔, 王莹. 电磁轨道炮的科学与技术[M]. 北京：兵器工业出版社, 2006.
MARSHALL R A, WANG Y. Science & technology of the electromagnetic railgun[M]. Beijing: Publishing House of Ordnance Industry, 2006. (in Chinese)
[2］古刚, 向阳, 张建革. 国际电磁发射技术研究现状[J]. 舰船科学技术, 2007, 29(增刊1):156-158.
GU G, XIANG Y, ZHANG J G. The overview of the international electromagnetic launch technology research[J]. Ship Science and Technology, 2007, 29(S1):156-158. (in Chinese)
[3］ WATT T, STEFANI F, CRAWFORD M, et al. Investigation of damage to solid-armature railguns at startup[J]. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2007, 43(1):214-218.
[4］武晓龙, 冯寒亮. 美国电磁轨道炮技术探析[J]. 飞航导弹, 2019(2):10-15.
WU X L, FENG H L.The analysis on the technology of electromagnetic rail gun in USA[J]. Aerodynamic Missile Journal, 2019(2): 10-15. (in Chinese)
[5］周之奎, 陈秋华. 电磁轨道炮性能的数值模拟[J]. 高压物理学报, 1989, 3(4):308-314.
ZHOU Z K, CHEN Q H. Numerical simulation of the performance of electromagnetic railguns[J]. Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics, 1989, 3(4):308-314. (in Chinese)
[6］李贞晓. 电热化学炮用电容型高功率脉冲电源被动保护方法的初步研究[D]. 南京：南京理工大学, 2007.
LI Z X. Preliminary study on passive protection of capacitive high energy pulse-power for electrothermal chemical gun [D].Nanjing: Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 2007. (in Chinese)
[7］李迎生. 小口径电磁轨道炮内弹道特性初步研究[D]. 南京:南京理工大学, 2007.
LI Y S. Primary study on interior ballistics of a small-caliber electromagnetical rail gun[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 2007. (in Chinese)
[8］罗季, 脉冲强磁场装置本地测控系统的研究与设计[D]. 武汉:华中科技大学,2009.
LUO J. The research and design of the local measurement and control system of pulsed high magnetic field facility[D]. Wuhan: Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 2009. (in Chinese)
[9］田振国, 杨阳, 白象忠. 电磁轨道发射过程中电枢与导轨的力学特性[J]. 机械强度, 2012,34(2):234-238.
TIAN Z G, YANG Y, BAI X Z. Rail-armature mechanics behavior during launch process of electromagnetic rail[J]. Journal of Mechanical Strength, 2012, 34(2): 234-238. (in Chinese)

[10］张芳, 蔡金燕, 朱艳辉. 电磁环境中电子器件的失效分析[J]. 电子器件, 2009,32(2):368-371.
ZHANG F, CAI J Y, ZHU Y H. Failure analysis of electron device under electromagnetic environment[J]. Chinese Journal of Electron Devices, 2009, 32(2):368-371. (in Chinese)
[11］高梁, 李贞晓, 栗保明. 直线感应加速器的优化设计与仿真[J]. 火炮发射与控制学报, 2015,36(2):40-44.
GAO L, LI Z X, LI B M. Optimization and simulation of linear induction accelerator[J]. Journal of Gun Launch & Control, 2015, 36(2):40-44. (in Chinese)
[12］张保玉, 黄伟, 陈子明. 高速滑动电接触下轨道槽蚀损伤问题研究[J]. 兵器材料科学与工程, 2015, 38(3):140-143.
ZHANG B Y, HUANG W, CHEN Z M. Grooving damage of rails under high-velocity sliding electrical contact [J]. Ordnance Material Science and Engineering, 2015, 38(3):140-143. (in Chinese)
[13］杨玉东, 王建新, 薛文. 轨道炮速度趋肤效应的分析与仿真[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2011, 23(7):1965-1968.
YANG Y D, WANG J X, XUE W. Simulation and analysis of velocity skin effect of railgun[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2011, 23(7):1965-1968. (in Chinese)
[14］ MYERS S H, SMITH A N. Demonstration of combined spray and evaporative cooling of an electromagnetic railgun[J]. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2009, 45(1):396-401.
[15］ SATAPATHY S, WATT T, PERSAD C. Effect of geometry change on armature behavior[J]. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2007, 43(1):408-412.
[16］ TZENG J T. Structural mechanics for electromagnetic railguns[J]. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2005, 41(1):246-250.
[17］ FU H D, XU S, LI W, et al.Effect of rolling and aging processes on microstructure and properties of Cu-Cr-Zr alloy[J]. Material Science and Engineering: A, 2017, 700:107-115.
[18］ ZHANG S J, LI R G, KANG H J,et al. A high strength and high electrical conductivity Cu-Cr-Zr alloy fabricated by cryorolling and intermediate aging treatment[J]. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2017, 680:108-114.
[19］ KHEIFETS A E, KHOMSKAYA I V, KORSHUNOV L G, et al.Effect of high strain-rate deformation and aging temperature on the evolution of structure, microhardness, and wear resistance of low-alloyed Cu-Cr-Zr alloy[J]. Physics of Metals and Metallography, 2018, 119(4):402-411.

第41卷第5期2020 年5月
兵工学报ACTA ARMAMENTARII
Vol.41No.5May2020

[1]	ZHU Chunyan, WANG Jun, MA Fuqiang, NI Yanjie, TANG Bo, LI Baoming. Analysis of Sliding Electric Contact Characteristics of Series-augmented Railgun Based on Breech Voltage [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2020, 41(7): 1280-1287.
[2]	XING Yan-chang, LYU Qing-ao, LEI Bin, XIANG Hong-jun, CHEN Jian-wei, YUAN Xi-chao. Analysis of Melting Erosion Characteristic on the Contact Interface between U-shaped Armature and Rails for Multiturn Serial-parallel Railgun [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2018, 39(11): 2081-2091.
[3]	XU Ting, LI Hua-bing, HONG Xiang, ZHANG Zhong-wei, LIN Yan-yan. Microstructure and Tribological Properties of Laser Cladding TiB₂/Ni-based Alloy Composite Coatings [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2016, 37(8): 1497-1505.