Analysis of Electromagnetic Characteristics of an Integrated Electromagnetic Ejection and Arresting Gear

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2023.1120

Abstract

Abstract:

In view of the inherent disadvantages of large footprint, complex structure and heavy weight of linear catapult device, this paper proposes an electromagnetic ejection and arresting gear with a single axis integrated steel cable drive. The gear consists of permanent magnet energy storage motor, eddy current clutch, eddy current brake and winding wheel. The structure and working principle of the gear are introduced. The electromagnetic theoretical models of eddy current clutches and eddy current brakes are developed based on the Ampere loop theorem. By comparing the results with 3-D finite element calculations, the electromagnetic characteristics of eddy current clutch and eddy current brake are analyzed. The correctness and effectiveness of the electromagnetic theoretical model are verified using a small-scale experimental prototype of the eddy current brake. Finally, a dynamic analysis of the electromagnetic ejection and arresting gear is conducted. The results indicate that the gear can accelerate a 30000kg aircraft from 0m/s to 70m/s within 2.1s. And it can also make a 72m/s aircraft stop in 2.6s, meeting the design requirements.

Key words: electromagnetic ejection and arrest, eddy current clutch, eddy current brake, Ampere circuital theorem, electromagnetic characteristics

CLC Number:

TM359.4

ZHAO Tong, LI Desheng, YE Lezhi, JIA Yahui, WANG Bin, LI Zequn. Analysis of Electromagnetic Characteristics of an Integrated Electromagnetic Ejection and Arresting Gear[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(11): 3938-3948.

Figures/Tables 29

Fig.1 Power unit structure

Table 1 Technical indicators of power unit

参数	数值
宽度B/mm	6900
高度H/mm	3300
质量G/kg	约170000
弹射飞机质量M/kg	≤30000
飞机起飞速度v₁/(m·s^-1)	≤83
飞机着舰速度v₂/(m·s^-1)	≤72
弹射时间t₁/s	≤ 2.4
阻拦时间t₂/s	≤ 3
弹射距离L_l/m	100
离合器所需的传动力矩T_c/(kN·m)	≤2600
制动器所需的制动力矩T_b/(kN·m)	≤ 3800

Fig.2 Ejection principle diagram

Fig.3 Arresting principle diagram

Fig.4 Clutch model

Fig.5 Brake model

Fig.6 2D schematic diagram of clutch and brake

Fig.7 Magnetic flux density on the inner surface of rotor at 500r/min

Fig.8 Relationship between magnetic flux density and excitation coefficient

Fig.9 Real path of eddy current

Fig.10 1/16 clutch model and grid division

Fig.11 1/16 Brake model and grid division

Table 2 Single row clutch parameters

参数	数值
磁极长L_m/mm	100
磁极宽h_m/mm	280
磁极半径R_e/mm	1218
转子1内径R_i1/mm	910
转子2厚L₂/mm	30
转子2半径R_r2/mm	1250
离合器轴向宽度l_c/mm	308
气隙l_g/mm	2
极距τ_p/mm	230
极对数p	16
转子电导率σ_c/(MS·m^-1)	2
单线圈电励磁F_f/A	833×60
转子1转速n₁/(r·min^-1)	≤1500
转子2转速n₂/(r·min^-1)	≥0

Table 3 Single row brake parameters

参数	数值
磁极长L_m/mm	150
磁极宽h_m/mm	350
磁极半径R_e1/mm	1468
转子厚L_r/mm	30
转子半径R_r/mm	1500
制动器轴向宽度l_c/mm	400
气隙l_g/mm	2
极距τ_p/mm	270
极对数p	16
转子电导率σ_c/(MS·m^-1)	2
单线圈电励磁F_f/A	1142×70
转速n/(r·min^-1)	630

Fig.12 Clutch and brake static air gap magnetic densities

Fig.13 Clutch and brake response magnetic flux densities

Fig.14 Theoretical calculation and three-dimensional finite element calculation of air gap magnetic density distribution for clutch speed difference of 100r/min and brake speed of 100r/min

Fig.15 Transmission torque-speed difference characteristics of clutch

Fig.16 Braking torque-speed characteristics of brake

Fig.17 Eddy current brake test prototype

Fig.18 Schematic diagram of test bench

Fig.19 Speed-torque characteristics of experimental prototype

Table 4 Parameters related to ejection

参数	数值
飞机质量M/kg	13000
飞机起飞速度v₁/(m·s^-1)	66.7
弹射距离L_l/m	110

Table 5 Parameters related to arresting

参数	数值
飞机质量M/kg	30000
飞机着舰速度v₂/(m·s^-1)	72
阻拦时间t₂/s	2.6
阻拦距离L_a/m	100

Fig.20 Flow chart of ejection dynamics

Fig.21 Comparison between power unit and linear motor

Fig.22 Dynamics analysis results of 30t aircraft

Fig.23 Arresting dynamics model

Fig.24 Aircraft speed and cable force

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