Finite Mass Inflation and Wake Recontact Phenomenon of Cross Parachutes

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2023.0840

Abstract

Abstract:

The finite mass inflation characteristics and wake recontact phenomenon of folded cross parachutes are investigated. The fluid-structure interaction numerical simulation is conducted using the arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) method for the cross parachute-load system with mass ratio from 0.17 to 0.94 and Froude number from 6.8 to 383.9 during deceleration. The effects of the mass ratio and Froude number on the inflation process of cross parachute are studied. The peak deployment load and canopy collapse parameter are discussed. The phase diagrams for the three different inflation results of cross parachute, namely, normal inflation, reinflation after wake recontact, and complete failure after wake recontact, are plotted in relation to the mass ratio and Froude number. The three inflation processes of cross parachute are analyzed in detail. The deployment load, drag coefficient, and transient change in the projected diameter of canopy are studied, and the fluid-structure interaction mechanisms of different inflation processes are studied by taking into account the structural deformation of parachute, stress distribution and unsteady flow field. The results indicate hat the dimensionless peak deployment load and canopy collapse parameter increase with the increase in Froude number. During the finite mass inflation process of parachute, there is intense momentum exchange between the canopy and air around it, which may lead to high-speed wake flow interacting with the canopy to cause a significant collapse or even complete collapse of the cross parachute.

Key words: cross parachute, finite mass, deployment progress, wake recontact, fluid-structure interaction

CLC Number:

V211.3

HOU Xiayi, HU Jun, YU Yong. Finite Mass Inflation and Wake Recontact Phenomenon of Cross Parachutes[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(11): 3915-3925.

Figures/Tables 18

Fig.1 Structure of cross parachute-load system

Table 1 Geometrical parameters of cross parachute

参数	数值
长臂L/m	7.29
短臂W/m	2.28
伞衣面积S/m²	28.044
名义直径D₀/m	5.98
伞顶孔面积S_v/m²	0.015
伞绳长L_s/m	5.56
连接带长L_c/m	1

Table 2 Properties of parachute materials

降落伞部件	密度/ (kg·m^-3)	厚度/ m	截面直径/m²	杨氏模量/Pa	泊松比
伞衣	533	2.5×10^-4		4.309×10⁸	0.14
伞衣加强带	462		4.9×10^-6	9.7×10¹⁰
连接带	462		4.9×10^-6	9.7×10¹⁰
伞绳	462		4.9×10^-6	9.7×10¹⁰

Fig.2 Mesh model of computational domain

Table 3 Finite element model

伞部件	单元类型	材料类型	网格数量
伞衣	shell	fabric	6544
伞衣加强带	beam	cable discrete beam	2592
连接带	beam	cable discrete beam	4
伞绳	beam	cable discrete beam	140
载荷	solid	rigid	448
流场	solid	null	1459188

Table 4 Comparison of thedeployment load of cross parachute with the experimental value[15]

来流速度/ (m·s^-1)	实验最大载荷^[15]/N	数值模拟最大载荷/N	误差/ %
69.4	60730	58351	3.9
74.5	75458	68506	9.2

Table 5 Conditions of numerical simulation

工况	M_r	m_s/kg	F_r	v₀/(m·s^-1)
1	0.17	43.1	6.8	20
2	0.17	43.1	109.2	80
3	0.17	43.1	383.9	150
4	0.32	81.1	6.8	20
5	0.32	81.1	27.3	40
6	0.32	81.1	61.4	60
7	0.32	81.1	109.2	80
8	0.32	81.1	170.6	100
9	0.32	81.1	383.9	150
10	0.48	121.7	6.8	20
11	0.48	121.7	109.2	80
12	0.48	121.7	383.9	150
13	0.62	157.2	6.8	20
14	0.62	157.2	109.2	80
15	0.62	157.2	383.9	150
16	0.94	243.1	6.8	20
17	0.94	243.1	383.9	150

Fig.3 Dimensionless deployment loads of different systems

Fig.4 Canopy collapse parameters Rc of different systems

Fig.5 Phase diagram of cross parachute deployment

Fig.6 Deployment load and drag coefficient (Mr=0.94,Fr=383.9)

Fig.7 Projected diameter of canopy (Mr=0.94,Fr=383.9)

Fig.8 Shape and von Mises stress of canopy(left) and dimensionless velocity contours of canopy and flow field(right)(Mr=0.94,Fr=383.9)

Fig.9 Deployment load and drag coefficient (Mr=0.32,Fr=383.9)

Fig.10 Projected diameter of canopy(Mr=0.32,Fr=383.9)

Fig.11 Shape and von Mises stress of canopy(left) and dimensionless velocity contours of canopy and flow field(right)(Mr=0.32,Fr=383.9)

Fig.12 Deployment load and drag coefficient (Mr=0.17,Fr=383.9)

Fig.13 Shape and von Mises stress of canopy(left)and dimensionless velocity contours of canopy and flow field(right)(Mr=0.17,Fr=383.9)

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