Influence of Recrystallization Method on Crystal Properties and Performance of LLM-105

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2015.11.012

Abstract

Abstract: LLM-105 is recrystallized in DMSO and 65% HNO₃ using falling temperature method, direct and inverse solvent/nonsolvent precipitation methods and supersonic-assisted recrystallization method, respectively. The results show that LLM-105 crystal shape obtained using falling temperature method is anomalistic in any solvents. The smooth-faced granular crystals without twin crystal are achieved using supersonic-assisted recrystallization method. The purity is up to 98%. LLM-105 particles obtained in 65% HNO₃ by inverse precipitation have moderate size, small span of particle size and lower impact sensitivity.

Key words: ordnance science and technology, LLM-105, recrystal, partical size, sensitivity

CLC Number:

TJ55

XU Rong, LIAO Long-yu, WANG Shu-cun, ZHANG Yong. Influence of Recrystallization Method on Crystal Properties and Performance of LLM-105[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2015, 36(11): 2099-2103.

References

［1］ Pagoria P F. Synthesis of LLM-105[J]. Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics, 1995, 20(1):38-42.
[2] Pagoria P F. Synthesis, scaled-up and characterization of 2,6-diamino-3,5-dinitropyrazine-1-oxide[J]. Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics, 1998, 23(3):156-160.
[3] 刘进全, 陈树森, 欧育湘, 等. 1-氧-2,6-二氨基-3,5-二硝基吡嗪的合成[J]. 化学通报，2006,69(2):151-153.
LIU Jin-quan, CHEN Shu-sen, OU Yu-xiang, et al. Systhesis of 2,6-diamino-3,5-dinitropyrazine-1 -oxide(LLM-105)[J]. Chemistry, 2006,69(2): 151-153.(in Chinese)
[4] 郭峰波，刘玉存，刘登程，等. 2,6-二氨基-3,5-二硝基-1-氧吡嗪合成工艺优化[J]. 火炸药学报, 2006, 29(1):17-19.
GUO Feng-bo, LIU Yu-chen, LIU Deng-cheng, et al. Optimization of the synthetical craft of 2,6-diamino-3,5-dinitropyrazine-1-oxide[J]. Chinese Journal of Explosives ＆ Propellants, 2006, 29(1):17-19. (in Chinese)
[5] Tran T D, Pagoria P F, Hoffman D M, et al. Small-scale safety and performance characterization of new plastic bonded explosives containing LLM-105 [R]. Livermore, CA, US:Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 2002.
[6] 李海波, 程碧波, 刘世俊, 等. LLM-105重结晶与性能研究[J]. 含能材料, 2008, 16(6):686-688.
LI Hai-bo, CHENG Bi-bo, LIU Shi-jun, et al. Recrystallization and properties of LLM-105[J]. Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials, 2008, 16(6): 686-688.(in Chinese)
[7] 李海波, 聂福德, 李金山, 等. 2,6-二氨基-3,5-二硝基吡嗪-1-氧化物的合成及其晶体结构[J].合成化学, 2007, 15(3):296-300.
LI Hai-bo, NIE Fu-de, LI Jin-shan, et al. Systhesis and crystal structure of 2,6-diamino- 3,5-dinitropyrazine-1-oxide[J]. Chinese Journal of Synthetic Chemistry, 2007, 15(3):296-300. (in Chinese)
[8] 李海波, 程碧波, 李洪珍, 等. 2,6-二氨基-3,5-二硝基吡嗪-1-氧化物的合成[J]. 有机化学, 2007, 27(1):112-115.
LI Hai-bo, CHENG Bi-bo, LI Hong-zhen, et al. Systhesis of 2,6-diamino-3,5-dinitropyrazine-1- oxide[J]. Chinese Journal of Orgnic Chemistry, 2007, 27(1):112-115. (in Chinese)
[9] Ma H X, Song J R, Zhao F Q, et al. Crystal structure, safety performance and density-functional theoretical investigation of 2,6-diamino-3,5-dinitropyrazine-1-oxide[J]. Chinese Journal of Chemistry, 2008, 26(11):1997-2002.

[1]	LI Qiang, CHEN Ling, GAN Huaiyin, ZHU Yongchen, HE Weidong. Electrostatic Spraying Preparation and Performance of Nanocomposite Energetic Material RDX@NGEC [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(7): 1985-1992.
[2]	WAN Ziping, TAN Ruoyu, ZHENG Jieji, REN Guang'an, XIE Xin, FAN Dapeng. Efficient Design Method of Multi-condition and Static and Dynamic Reinforced Wall Structure for Modular Base of Weapon Station [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(2): 577-590.
[3]	LI Meng, WU Haijun, DONG Heng, REN Guang, ZHANG Peng, HUANG Fenglei. Machine Learning-based Models for Predicting the Penetration Depth of Concrete [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(12): 3771-3782.
[4]	WEI Wei, ZHANG Jingwen, CHANG Sijiang, WANG Haosheng, WANG Jianzhong. Global Sensitivity Analysis of Bullet's Angular Velocity Based on Sobol and EFAST Method [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2022, 43(9): 2408-2416.
[5]	SHI Shuzheng, GENG Wenping, LIU Yong, BI Kaixi, LI Fen, CHOU Xiujian. Piezoelectric MEMS Accelerometer With d₃₁ Mode Cantilever Structure [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2022, 43(8): 1998-2006.
[6]	LI Lei, WANG Yanwei, DANG Li, WANG Huisi, DU Fang, TAO Bowen, HU Xiang, ZHOU Shuiping, GU Jian. Hygroscopic Properties of Ammonium Dinitroamide-based High Energy Propellant [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2022, 43(7): 1614-1619.
[7]	WANG Fan, GUO Weiguo, WU Qian, GAO Meng. Calibration Method for Sensitivity Coefficient of High-temperature Strain Gauges at High Strain Rate [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2022, 43(4): 899-909.
[8]	LIU Chang, WANG Jiang, FAN Shipeng, LI Ling, LIN Defu. BP Neural Network-Based Adaptive Biased Proportional Navigation Guidance Law [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2022, 43(11): 2798-2809.
[9]	LIU Chun, OU Zhuocheng, DUAN Zhuoping, HUANG Fenglei. Hot Spot Temperature Resulting from Elliptical Void Collapse in PBX under Dynamic Loading and Its Semi-empirical Analytical Expression [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2022, 43(1): 57-68.
[10]	DANG Quanyong, GE Yanxin, GAO Yubo. Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Al₂O₃/SiC Composite Ceramic Subjected to Impact Loading [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2022, 43(1): 175-180.
[11]	NING Zixuan, WANG Lin, CHENG Xingwang, CHENG Huanwu, LIU Anjin, XU Xuefeng, ZHOU Zhe, ZHANG Binbin. Dynamic Response Behaviors of Ti-6321 Titanium Alloys with Different Microstructures under Split Hopkinson Pressure BarLoading [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2021, 42(4): 862-870.
[12]	LUO Zhongfeng, GUAN Xiaorong, XU Cheng. Global Sensitivity Analysis of a Self-propelled Gun's Structural Parameters for Position and Attitude of Projectile at Muzzle [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2021, 42(2): 254-267.
[13]	CHEN Pengfei, HE Peng, YU Tailong, LIU Qiaoling. An Analysis Method for Nonlinear Structural Reliability Based on Gradient Search Method [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2021, 42(1): 175-184.
[14]	LIN Tong， QIAN Linfang， FU Jiawei， WANG Mingming. Parameter Identification and Sensitivity analysis of Gun Elevating Equilibrator [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2020, 41(9): 1736-1744.
[15]	HOU Yufei， XU Jinsheng， ZHOU Changsheng， CHEN Xiong， LI Hongwen. Comparation of Solid Propellant Micromodels with and without Damage at Initial Particle/matrix Interface [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2020, 41(9): 1800-1808.