Penetration Fragmentation Characteristics and Damage After-effects of PELE with Slits

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2024.0898

Abstract

Abstract:

To further enhance the post-target damage effectiveness of the penetrator with enhanced lateral effect (PELE),a PELE design with spiral slits is proposed.Based on the experimental validation of the numerical simulation model,the penetration,fragmentation and after-effects of PELEs with different structures are studied using the finite element method and the fracture softening and random failure algorithms.The impacts of rotational speed and direction on the fragmentation and damage effectiveness of PELE with spiral slits are also analyzed.The post-target fragmentation dispersions and damage effectivenesses of conventional PELE and PELE with spiral slits are compared through experiments.The results indicate that the penetration of PELE into a 12mm-thick 4340 steel target is divided into two stages:hole formation and hole expansion.During penetration,the fragmentation of the conventional PELE shell is relatively random,while the cracks in PELE with spiral slits propagate along the direction of slits.The initial crack propagation of PELE with axial slits starts near the projectile/target contact interface.The cracks in PELE with spiral slits initiate at the projectile/target contact interface and extend toward the tail along the slit,and the fragments undergo tensile fracture due to circumferential tensile stress.The fragmentation degree of PELE with spiral slits is the highest among three types of PELEs,and its fragment size and dispersion are the most uniform.The dispersion range of its fragments is increased by 38% and 42%,respectively,compared to the conventional PELE and PELE with axial slits.The post-target fragments of conventional PELE and PELE with axial slits exhibit a conical distribution,while the fragments of PELE with spiral slits are approximately planar in distribution.When the rotational direction of projectile is opposite to the slit direction,its fragmentation is more uniform,the fragment dispersion is more even,and the perforation diameter in the target is generally larger.

Key words: lateral effect, spiral slit, impact crushing, numerical simulation

CLC Number:

TJ410.3

GU Minhui, TANG Kui, WANG Jinxiang, XIA Jingwen, LI Yuanbo, WANG Hongfei. Penetration Fragmentation Characteristics and Damage After-effects of PELE with Slits[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2025, 46(8): 240898-.

Figures/Tables 25

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of the structures of two types of PELEs

Fig.2 Finite element model of PELE with spiral slits

Table 1 Material parameters[29]

材料	密度/ (g·cm^-3)	Gruneisen 系数	Hugoniot参数 c₀/(km·s^-1)	Hugoniot 参数s	剪切模量/ MPa	屈服应力/ MPa	侵蚀几何应变	失效塑性应变
95W钨合金	18.000		4.03	1.237	1.3902×10⁵	1.5×10³	0.6
聚乙烯	0.920	1.6	2.90	1.480	1.30×10²	2.0×10¹	1.8
4340钢	7.823		4.57	1.490	7.70×10⁴	8.0×10²		1.2
7075铝	2.800		5.20	1.360	2.67×10⁴	4.0×10²		1.2

Table 2 Comparison of the fragmentation effects betwee experiments and simulation

工况	内芯	v/(m·s^-1)
1	铝合金	925
2	铝合金	1261
3	聚乙烯	936
4	聚乙烯	1262

Table 3 Comparison between experimental and simulation velocity data

工况	最大径向速度/(m·s^-1)			轴向剩余速度/(m·s^-1)
工况	试验值	仿真值	误差/%	试验值	仿真值	误差/%
1	184	193	4.9	895	878	-1.9
2	243	227	-6.6	1231	1219	-1.0
3	94	99	5.3	889	901	1.3
4	145	154	6.2	1206	1226	1.7

Table 4 PELE penetration and dispersion at different times

切缝方式	时间/μs
切缝方式	10	20	35	80	150
无切缝
轴向切缝
螺旋切缝

Fig.3 Velocity distribution and compression state of projectile at 25μs

Fig.4 Segmentation diagram of PELE penetration

Fig.5 Evolution process of cracks in PELE with axial slits

Fig.6 Evolution process of cracks in PELE with spiral slits

Fig.7 Evolution process of circumferential cracks in PELE with spiral slits

Fig.8 Effective fragment massdistributions of PELEs with different structures

Fig.9 Distribution of effective fragment centroids of PELEs with different structures

Fig.10 Maximum damage diameters of PELEs with different structures

Fig.11 Average radial velocity and dispersion range of effective fragments of PELE s with different structures

Fig.12 Distribution of fragments of PELE with spiral slits behind target

Table 5 Maximum perforation diameters under different working conditions

旋转方向	转速大小/ (r·s^-1)	着靶速度/(m·s^-1)
旋转方向	转速大小/ (r·s^-1)	600	800	1000	1200
逆时针	500	94.95	121.51	98.64	87.39
	1000	98.63	123.68	102.73	89.46
	1 500	98.41	130.63	104.75	97.17
	2000	95.63	133.11	112.45	86.98
顺时针	500	93.82	110.93	99.48	91.18
	1000	83.93	111.06	99.98	88.34
	1500	80.86	109.76	98.78	88.74
	2000	80.65	119.63	99.13	86.32

Fig.13 Maximum perforation diameters of fragments under different working conditions

Fig.14 Maximum perforation diameter of witness plate at 800m/s

Fig.15 Perforation diameter of each area on aftereffect target

Fig.16 Photograph of sample projectile

Fig.17 Experimental site layout

Table 6 Experimental data

序号	射弹类型	质量/g	着靶速度/ (m·s^-1)	初始动能/ kJ	后效靶穿孔范围直径/mm
1	常规PELE	169.5	962.3	78.5	258.2
2	螺旋切缝PELE	163.8	972.4	77.4	296.8

Fig.18 Damage situation of witness plate

Fig.19 Fragmentation situation

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