Research on Echo Characteristics of Millimeter-wave Fuze under Heavy Rainfall Conditions Based on Monte Carlo Method

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2024.0665

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to improve the adaptability of millimetre-wave (MMW) fuzes to the rainfall environment, the attenuation and scattering effects of rainfall on MMW signals are investigated, a mathematical model of the echo signal of MMW FM fuze under rainfall conditions is established. The echo signal of the fuze under the conditions of heavy and storm rainfalls is simulated based on the Monte Carlo method. The simulated and measured results show that the rainfall backscattering signal exists in the form of a single peak in the low-frequency region of echo signal, while the rainfall leads to a significant increase in the bottom noise of echo signal, and the signal-to-noise ratio of millimetre-wave fuze echo signal under the conditions of heavy and storm rainfalls decreases significantly. In the measured data, the signal-to-noise ratioes of 35GHz and 60GHz fuzes under the conditions of heavy and storm rainfalls are decreased by 4.5dB and 6.3dB on average, respectively, compared with those under no rainfall condition, which poses a challenge to the environmental adaptability of millimetre-wave fuzes. The modelling method and research results in this paper can provide a theoretical basis for the design of millimetre-wave fuze with environmental adaptability.

Key words: millimetre-wave fuze, rainfall attenuation, scattering, Monte Carlo method

CLC Number:

TJ43⁺4.1

YANG Bing, WU Kaiwei, LIANG Yanbin, HAO Shijun, HUANG Zhonghua. Research on Echo Characteristics of Millimeter-wave Fuze under Heavy Rainfall Conditions Based on Monte Carlo Method[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(S1): 252-261.

Figures/Tables 16

Fig.1 Relationship between rainfall attenuation coefficient and rainfall

Table 1 Rainfall attenuation coefficients at a detection distance of 20m

载频/GHz	降雨量/(mm·h^-1)
载频/GHz	16	50
24	0.09dB	0.29dB
35	0.18dB	0.51dB
60	0.35dB	0.84dB

Fig.2 Rainfall scattering phase function

Fig.3 Schematic diagram of millimetre-wave fuzeecho signal in a rainfall environment

Fig.4 Coordinate plots of emission, target scattering and raindrop scattering

Table 2 Simulation parameters of millimetre-wave fuze

参数	数值
B₀/MHz	150
T_m/us	2.5
f₀/GHz	24、35、60
θ_3dB/(°)	120
I/(mm·h^-1)	16、50

Fig.5 Spectrogram of beat signal at a distance of 9m

Fig.6 Changes of target signal amplitude and bottom noise power with distance

Table 3 Parameters of millimetre-wave detector

参数	载频/GHz
参数	24	35	60
调制带宽/MHz	250	400	60
水平波束宽度/(°)	78	120	120
垂直波束宽度/(°)	23	120	120
探测距离/m	10	20	20

Fig.7 Millimetre-wave detector detection environment

Fig.8 Simulated and measured results of 24GHz fuze

Fig.9 Measured signal spectrum of 35GHz millimetre-wave fuzes

Fig.10 Measured signal spectrum of 60GHz millimetre-wave fuze

Fig.11 Measured signal noise power box plots of millimetre-wave fuzes

Fig.12 Measured target signal power box plots of millimetre wave-fuzes

Fig.13 Measured signal-to-noise ratio box plots of millimetre-wave fuzes

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