Fracture Mode and Ignition Response of PBX Explosives under Crack Extrusion Loading

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2023.0809

Abstract

Abstract:

Structural weaknesses such as cracks are easy to occur during the service of weapon charge. For the circular crack, the crack extrusion loading experiments of PBX-3 explosives and its simulants were carried out. Through structural design, the macroscopic cracks in a sample would not be destroyed during the disassembly process after the experiment, and the original appearance of the cracks would be preserved for observation and analysis. The whole dynamic process of sample extrusion was recorded by 45-degree mirror reflection imaging and high-speed photography. Euler-Lagrange coupling method was used to simulate the crack extrusion process of explosives. The model parameters were checked with the experimental data under unignited condition, and the ignition condition was recalculated with the checked model. Based on the equivalence of doing work and heating to increase the internal energy, the main ignition mechanism and ignition time were analyzed. The results show that the slip zone and dead zone are formed in the sample under crack extrusion loading, and the interface between the two zones is conical. For ϕ0.8mm crack, the ignition can be caused by the extrusion velocity of only 4.2m/s under strong confining pressure, and the combustion reaction intensity increases with the decrease in crack size. The numerical results of extrusion stress, velocity and fracture mode are in good agreement with the experimental results. The extrusion friction power between the slip zone and the dead zone is as high as thousands of W/cm², and the ignition time is in the order of 100μs. The important mechanism of ignition is the extrusion friction temperature rise at the interface between the slip zone and the dead zone.

Key words: PBX explosive, crack extrusion, fracture mode, ignition, Euler-Lagrange coupling

CLC Number:

TJ55
O389

HU Qiushi, SHANG Hailin, WU Zhaokui, LIAO Shenfei, FU Hua. Fracture Mode and Ignition Response of PBX Explosives under Crack Extrusion Loading[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(9): 3135-3146.

Figures/Tables 21

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of experimental device

Fig.2 Physical photoes of experimental device and sample

Fig.3 Recovery device after experiment

Fig.4 Experimental result of simulant (ϕ2mm crack, H=1.1m)

Fig.5 Experimental result of simulant(ϕ2mm crack, H=0.9m)

Fig.6 Experimental result of simulant (ϕ1mm crack, H=0.8m)

Fig.7 Fracture mode

Table 1 Experimental results of PBX-3

序号	缝隙直径/mm	落高/m	是否点火
1	0.5	0.3	N
2	0.8	0.9	Y
3	0.5	0.9	Y
4	0.8	1.0	N
5	0.8	1.1	Y

Fig.8 Experimental result for Condition 1

Fig.9 Experimental result for Condition 2

Fig.10 Experimental result for Condition 3

Fig.11 High-speed photographic pictures for Condition 4

Fig.12 Recovery result for Condition 4

Fig.13 High-speed photographic pictures for Condition 5

Fig.14 Recovery result of Condition 5 and its repeated experiment

Fig.15 Velocity- and stress-time curves of transmission rod during crack extrusion process

Fig.16 Computational modeling of crack extrusion loading device

Fig.17 Comparison of imulated and experimental results of simulated (ϕ2mm crack, H=1.1m)

Fig.18 Comparison of numerically simulated and experimental results of explosive (ϕ0.8mm crack, H=1.0m)

Fig.19 Positions of transmission rod at different times of simulant and explosive

Fig.20 Variation of typical physical quantities before ignition for Condition 5

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