Study on the Evolution Characteristics of Pressure Pulse in Shock Tube and a Method of Simulating Air Explosion Shock Wave

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2023.0284

Abstract

Abstract:

The evolution characteristics of pressure pulse in the shock tube are studied to generate a shock wave similar to the air explosion shock wave in the tube. The process of forming a shock wave similar to air explosion shock wave in shock tube driven by high pressure gas is analyzed through the experimental study and numerical simulation of pressure pulse characteristics in shock tube, and the relationship between shock wave characteristics and shock tube parameters is established. The results show that the shock wave generated in the shock tube is a plane wave. When the length of the low pressure section of shock tube is long enough, the reflected rarefaction wave in the low pressure section can catch up with the right shock wave front, and form a shock wave similar to the air explosion shock wave at the overtaking position. The decrease in the driving pressure and length of the high pressure section makes the rarefaction wave easier catch up with the shock wave. As the pressure in the low pressure section increases, the velocity of the shock wave decreases, and the reflected rarefaction wave catches up with the shock wave faster. At the same time, the shock wave travels shorter in the low pressure section, and the positive pressure duration of the shock wave pressure is shorter. The characteristic parameters such as peak overpressure and positive pressure duration of shock wave are related to the driving pressure and length of the low pressure section of the shock tube. Combined with dimensional analysis, the minimum length of low pressure section required to form simulated air explosion shock wave is established, and the relationship among the characteristic parameters such as peak overpressure and positive pressure duration of shock wave and the parameters such as pressure and length in shock tube is established, which provides basic theory and data support for the design of simulated air explosion shock tube.

Key words: shock tube, shock wave, shock wave overpressure, positive pressure duration

CLC Number:

TJ301

ZHOU Yuelan, PEI Lu, LONG Renrong, ZHANG Qingming, LIU Bowen, REN Jiankang. Study on the Evolution Characteristics of Pressure Pulse in Shock Tube and a Method of Simulating Air Explosion Shock Wave[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(12): 3815-3825.

Figures/Tables 15

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of shock tube experimental setup

Fig.2 Setting diagram of sensor monitoring points

Table 1 Parameter settings for experimental conditions

工况	高压段压力 p₄/kPa	低压段压力 p₁/kPa	低压段长度 L_dn/m	膜压比 p₄/ p₁
1-1	530	100	8.0	5.3
1-2	600	100	8.0	6.0
1-3	670	100	8.0	6.7
1-4	770	100	8.0	7.7
2-1	520	100	6.79	5.2
2-2	580	100	7.57	5.8

Fig.3 Pressure-time curve of each measuring point under working condition 1-4

Fig.4 Peak overpressure and pressure plateau time of shock wave

Fig.5 Comparison of the experimental results of working condition 1-1 with numerically simulated results

Table 2 Comparison of overpressures in shock wave plateau segment

工况	实验压力/kPa	仿真压力/kPa	误差/%
1-1	321.5	337.7	5.1
1-2	354.9	380.5	7.2
1-3	438.5	471.8	7.5
1-4	503.6	539.4	7.2

Fig.6 The state of gas after the rupture of shock tube diaphragm

Fig.7 Pressure distribution in shock tube at different times

Fig.8 Comparison of shock wave and explosion shock wave

Fig.9 Influence of the shock tube parameters on formation position

Fig.10 Fitted results of the shock wave formation position

Fig.11 Influence of the shock tube parameters on shock wave characteristic parameters

Fig.12 Fitted results of the shock characteristic parameters

Fig.13 Comparison of fitted results for shock peak overpressure and positive pressure duration

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