Non-even Distribution Characteristics of Explosion Shock Wave Overpressure and Optimal Number of Measuring Points

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2022.0629

Abstract

Abstract:

The causes and manifestations of non-uniform spatial-temporal distribution of overpressure peak of explosion shock wave are discussed from the characteristics of non-ideal detonation wave and the formation mechanism of explosion shock wave, which are verified by experimental images and data. Four kinds of 2kg explosives and a 250kg aluminized explosive were detonated to investigate the non-uniform distribution characteristics of shock wave overpressure, and the deviation among the overpressure peaks with the same distance to charge were analyzed. The results show that the higher the non-ideal level of explosive componentsis, the greater the charge mass is, and the closer it is to the charge, the more obvious the non-even characteristics of the overpressure peak are. A method to define the number of test points to meet the accuracy demand for the overpressure is proposed based on the analysis of the experimental data. It is suggested that the blast field should be divided into four areas with scale distances of less than 1.5m/kg^1/3, 1.5~3.0m/kg^1/3, 3~5m/kg^1/3 and more than 5m/kg^1/3. The corresponding optimal number of measuring points is 6, 5, 4 and 2,respectively.

Key words: shock wave overpressure, wave front, scale distance, number of measuring points, non-ideal explosion

CLC Number:

TJ55
O389

ZHANG Yulei, CHEN Hua, YUAN Jianfei, JI Jianrong, FENG Xiaojun, LIU Yan. Non-even Distribution Characteristics of Explosion Shock Wave Overpressure and Optimal Number of Measuring Points[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(3): 744-753.

Figures/Tables 18

Fig.1 Relative deviation distribution of overpressure peak in Ref.[8]

Fig.2 Relative deviation distribution of overpressure peak in Ref.[9]

Fig.3 Initial shape of shock wave front

Fig.4 Final shape of shock wave front

Fig.5 Four kinds of 2kg test explosives

Fig.6 Layout of measuring points

Table 1 Test results of overpressure peaks of 2kg explosivesMPa

2.52m				3.15m				3.78m
R	H	R+A	H+A	R	H	R+A	H+A	R	H	R+A	H+A
0.498	0.503	0.510	0.571	0.307	0.310	0.314	0.330	0.219	0.223	0.224	0.234
0.472	0.485	0.507	0.504	0.297	0.298	0.309	0.323	0.217	0.223	0.215	0.216
0.468	0.478	0.488	0.490	0.294	0.295	0.306	0.316	0.208	0.216	0.213	0.215
0.455	0.473	0.487	0.485	0.285	0.281	0.302	0.296	0.206	0.207	0.212	0.213
0.435	0.460	0.445	0.483	0.280	0.280	0.300	0.293	0.203	0.205	0.207	0.210
0.429	0.448	0.435	0.480	0.276	0.278	0.290	0.288	0.202	0.201	0.202	0.207
0.428	0.434	0.430	0.474	0.274	0.274	0.288	0.284	0.202	0.200	0.201	0.205
0.414	0.422	0.415	0.460	0.271	0.270	0.283	0.284	0.196	0.195	0.196	0.199
0.412	0.412	0.410	0.459	0.262	0.266	0.276	0.276	0.195	0.191	0.195	0.197
0.401	0.404	0.403	0.443	0.252	0.250	0.250	0.257	0.192	0.188	0.191	0.196

Fig.7 Mean value of overpressure peaks caused by different explosives at the same distance

Fig.8 Maximum deviation of overpressure peaks at same distance versus scale distance of different explosives

Fig.9 Mean deviation of overpressure peaks at same distance versus scale distance of different explosives

Table 2 Test results of overpressure peak of 250kg explosives

距离/m	对比距离/(m·kg^-1/3)	超压峰值测试结果/MPa								峰值均值/MPa
8.5	1.35	3.025	2.822	2.557	2.437	2.417	2.246	1.934	1.814	2.407
15.0	2.38	0.707	0.672	0.678	0.665	0.610	0.554	0.553	0.478	0.615
25.0	3.97	0.168	0.151	0.150	0.150	0.137	0.136	0.135	0.134	0.145
38.0	6.03	0.054	0.052	0.052	0.051	0.050	0.050	0.048	0.046	0.050

Fig.10 Pressure-time history of 250kg explosives

Fig.11 Variation of overpressure peak with scale distance

Fig.12 Maximum deviation of overpressure peaks at same distance versus scale distance of 250kg explosives

Fig.13 Mean deviation of overpressure peaks at same distance versus scale distance of 250kg explosives

Fig.14 Maximum deviation between test result and p ¯ with different number of measuring points

Table 3 Relationship between m and r ¯ for maximun deviation =10%

m	2	3	4	5	6
$r ¯$	4.63	3.74	2.62	1.29	全域满足

Table 3 Relationship between m and r ¯ for maximun deviation =10%

m	2	3	4	5	6
$r ¯$	4.63	3.74	2.62	1.29	全域满足

Table 4 Maximum deviation of experimental results of 2kg explosives under the conditions of different number of measuring points

测点数量	$r ¯$ =2.0				$r ¯$ =2.5				$r ¯$ =3.0
测点数量	R	H	R+A	H+A	R	H	R+A	H+A	R	H	R+A	H+A
m=6	4.84%	5.00%	6.62%	3.79%	3.80%	3.76%	4.01%	4.88%	2.78%	4.02%	3.37%	3.28%
m=5	5.53%	6.17%	7.59%	4.48%	4.57%	4.50%	4.93%	5.73%	3.27%	4.83%	4.18%	4.02%
m=4	7.26%	7.50%	9.93%	5.69%	5.70%	5.64%	6.01%	7.31%	4.17%	6.03%	5.06%	4.92%
m=3	25.87%	26.35%	27.68%	27.38%	16.99%	17.07%	17.47%	18.69%	12.39%	13.45%	12.87%	13.04%
m=2	31.04%	31.31%	32.62%	33.70%	20.11%	20.32%	20.40%	22.08%	14.87%	15.73%	15.07%	15.46%

Table 4 Maximum deviation of experimental results of 2kg explosives under the conditions of different number of measuring points

测点数量	$r ¯$ =2.0				$r ¯$ =2.5				$r ¯$ =3.0
测点数量	R	H	R+A	H+A	R	H	R+A	H+A	R	H	R+A	H+A
m=6	4.84%	5.00%	6.62%	3.79%	3.80%	3.76%	4.01%	4.88%	2.78%	4.02%	3.37%	3.28%
m=5	5.53%	6.17%	7.59%	4.48%	4.57%	4.50%	4.93%	5.73%	3.27%	4.83%	4.18%	4.02%
m=4	7.26%	7.50%	9.93%	5.69%	5.70%	5.64%	6.01%	7.31%	4.17%	6.03%	5.06%	4.92%
m=3	25.87%	26.35%	27.68%	27.38%	16.99%	17.07%	17.47%	18.69%	12.39%	13.45%	12.87%	13.04%
m=2	31.04%	31.31%	32.62%	33.70%	20.11%	20.32%	20.40%	22.08%	14.87%	15.73%	15.07%	15.46%

References 24

[1]	奥尔连科 Л П. 爆炸物理学[M].孙承纬, 译. 北京: 科学出版社, 2011:286-293.
	ОРЛЕНКО Л П. Explosionphysics[M]. SUN C W, translated. Beijing: Science Press, 2011:286-293. (in Chinese)
[2]	BAKER W E, COX P A, WESTINE P S, et al. Explosion hazards and evaluation[M]. New York,NY,US: Elsevier, 1983:116-141.
[3]	MILLS C A. The design of concrete structures to resist explosions and weapons effects[C]//Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Concrete for Hazard Protections.Edinburgh, UK, 1988:61-73.
[4]	BRODE H L. Blast waves from a spherical charge[J]. Physics of Fluids, 1959(2):217-229.
[5]	HENRYCH J. The dynamics of explosion and its use[M]. Amsterdam,the Nethland: Elsevier, 1979:133-152.
[6]	钟倩, 王伯良, 黄菊. TNT空中爆炸超压的相似律[J]. 火炸药学报, 2010, 33(4):32-35.
	ZHONG Q, WANG B L, HUANG J. Study on the similarity law of TNT explosive overpressure in air[J]. Chinese Journal of Explosives and Propellants, 2010, 33(4):32-35. (in Chinese)
[7]	任辉启, 黄魁, 吴祥云, 等. 地面目标空气冲击波动压毁伤研究进展[J]. 防护工程, 2021, 43(1):1-9.
	REN H Q, HUANG K, WU X Y, et al. Research progress of dynamic pressure damage to ground targets by air shock wave[J]. Protective Engineering, 2021, 43(1):1-9. (in Chinese)
[8]	王成, 杨靖宇, 迟力源, 等. 钢筋混凝土端面重墙结构的抗爆性能规律[J]. 兵工学报, 2022, 43(1):131-139. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2022.01.014
	WANG C, YANG J Y, CHI L Y, et al. On the blast resistance performance of large-scale reinforced concrete wall[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2022, 43(1):131-139. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2022.01.014
[9]	马浩伟, 张亚栋, 陈力, 等. 大型工房内爆炸冲击波流场分布规律[J]. 兵工学报, 2021, 42(增刊1):142-150.
	MA H W, ZHANG Y D, CHEN L, et al. Distribution law of flow field of shock wave in large-scale workshop[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2021, 42(S1):142-150. (in Chinese)
[10]	WANG Y X, LIU Y, XU Q M, et al. Effect of metal powders on explosion of fuel-air explosives with delayed secondary igniters[J]. Defence Technology, 2021, 17(3):785-791. doi: 10.1016/j.dt.2020.05.010
[11]	HONG X W, LI W B, LI W B, et al. Experimental study on explosion dispersion process of a multi-layer composite charge under different initiation modes[J]. Defence Technology, 2020, 16(4):883-892. doi: 10.1016/j.dt.2019.11.002
[12]	章冠人, 陈大年. 凝聚炸药起爆动力学[M]. 北京: 国防工业出版社, 1991:96-100.
	ZHANG G R, CHEN D N. Detonation dynamics of condensed explosives[M]. Beijing: National Defense Industry Press, 1991:96-100. (in Chinese)
[13]	李梅, 蒋建伟, 王昕. 复合装药空气中爆炸冲击波传播特性[J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2018, 38(2):367-372.
	LI M, JIANG J W, WANG X. Shock wave propagation characteristics of double layer charge explosion in the air[J]. Explosion and Shock Waves, 2018, 38(2):367-372. (in Chinese)
[14]	王建灵, 郭炜, 冯晓军.TNT、 PBX和Hexel空中爆炸冲击波参数的实验研究[J]. 火炸药学报, 2008, 31(6):42-44.
	WANG J L, GUO W, FENG X J. Experimental research on the air explosive shock wave parameters of TNT, PBX and Hexel[J]. Chinese Journal of Explosives and Propellants, 2008, 31(6):42-44. (in Chinese)
[15]	熊振宇, 崔春生, 裴东兴. 冲击波超压值粗大误差处理[J]. 兵器装备工程学报, 2021, 42(2): 94-97.
	XIONG Z Y, CUI C S, PEI D X. Research on the processing of the gross error of shock wave overpressure value[J]. Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering, 2021, 42(2): 94-97. (in Chinese)
[16]	张玉磊, 王胜强, 袁建飞, 等. 不同量级TNT爆炸冲击波参数相似律实验研究[J]. 弹箭与制导学报, 2016, 36(6): 53-56.
	ZHANG Y L, WANG S Q, YUAN J F, et al. Experimental research on similarity law of explosive shock wave parameters with different orders of magnitude TNT[J]. Journal of Projectiles, Rockets, Missiles and Guidance, 2016, 36(6):53-56. (in Chinese)
[17]	姬建荣, 苏健军, 陈君, 等. 动爆冲击波传播特性试验研究[J]. 兵器装备工程学报, 2019, 40(12):20-24.
	JI J R, SU J J, CHEN J, et al. Experimental study on propagation characteristics of dynamic blast wave[J]. Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering, 2019, 40(12):20-24. (in Chinese)
[18]	张玉磊, 苏健军, 姬建荣, 等. 超压测试方法对炸药TNT当量计算结果的影响[J]. 火炸药学报, 2014, 37(3):16-19.
	ZHANG Y L, SU J J, JI J R, et al. Effect of overpressure test method on calculated results of TNT equivalence[J]. Chinese Journal of Explosives and Propellants, 2014, 37(3): 16-19. (in Chinese)
[19]	AHMED K M, HOSAM E M, SHERIF E. Nanoscopic fuel-rich thermobaric formulations: chemical composition optimization and sustained secondary combustion shock wave modulation[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2016, 301: 492-503. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.09.019 pmid: 26426986
[20]	北京工业学院八系《爆炸及其作用》编写组. 爆炸及其作用[M] 北京: 国防工业出版社, 1979:254-259.
	“Explosion and Its Use” Editing Group, the Eight Department of Beijing Institute of Technology. Explosion and its use[M]. Beijing: National Defense Industry Press, 1979:254-259. (in Chinese)
[21]	GJB 5496.10—2005,航空炸弹试验方法第10部分:地面性能试验冲击波超压值[S]. 北京: 国防科学技术工业委员会, 2005.
	GJB 5496.10—2005, Test method of aerial bombs, Part 10, ground performance test: shock wave overpressure[S]. Beijing: The Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense, 2005. (in Chinese)
[22]	GJB 6390.3—2008, 面杀伤导弹战斗部静爆威力试验方法第3部分:冲击波超压测试[S]. 北京: 国防科学技术工业委员会, 2008.
	GJB 6390.3—2008, Test method of static explosion power of surface kill missile warhead, part 3, shock wave overpressure test[S]. Beijing: The Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense, 2005. (in Chinese)
[23]	钱政, 王中宇, 刘桂礼. 测试误差分析与数据处理[M]. 北京: 北京航空航天大学出版社, 2008:19-21.
	QIAN Z, WANG Z Y, LIU G L. Test error analysis and data processing[M]. Beijing: Beihang University Press, 2008: 19-21. (in Chinese)
[24]	祖静, 马铁华, 裴东兴, 等. 新概念动态测试[M]. 北京: 国防工业出版社, 2016: 325.
	ZU J, MA T H, PEI D X, et al. New concept dynamic test[M]. Beijing: National Defense Industry Press, 2016:325. (in Chinese)