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兵工学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (10): 2145-2158.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2021.10.010

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于集中-分布参数模型的车辆机电传动系统动力学响应及影响规律

王珍1, 项昌乐1,2,3, 刘辉1,2,3, 张伟1, 解云坤1   

  1. (1.北京理工大学 机械与车辆学院, 北京 100081; 2.北京理工大学 前沿技术研究院, 山东 济南 250300;3.北京理工大学 重庆创新中心, 重庆 400000)
  • 上线日期:2021-11-03
  • 通讯作者: 刘辉(1975—),女,教授,博士生导师 E-mail:lh@bit.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:王珍(1993—),女,博士研究生。E-mail: wangzhen_bit_nvh@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(51775040、52130512);北京理工大学研究生科技创新项目( 2019CX10005)

Dynamics Response and Influence Factors of Electromechanical Transmission System Based on Lumped-distributed ParameterModel

WANG Zhen1, XIANG Changle1,2,3, LIU Hui1,2,3, ZHANG Wei1, XIE Yunkun1   

  1. (1.School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China;2.Institute of Advanced Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Jinan 250300,Shandong,China; 3.Chongqing Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing 400000, China)
  • Online:2021-11-03

摘要: 机电传动系统在新能源车辆、高速列车等领域广泛应用,随着系统向高速、重载和轻量化方向的发展,其动力学特性愈发复杂。基于集中-分布参数模型,分析渐开线直齿轮啮合激励和轴的振动激励共同作用情况下的动力学响应及影响规律。基于有限单元法和集中参数法,结合轴模型和齿轮啮合模型建立集中-分布参数动力学模型,采用广义-a数值方法进行求解,分析轴振动和齿轮偏心量对系统动力学响应的影响。研究发现:集中-分布参数模型能够预测出轴在齿轮安装位置和轴与轴承一侧连接位置两点处承受较大的von Mises交变应力;轴的变形可诱发系统产生由轴沿Y轴、Z轴方向的弯曲振动频率及其与啮频的组合频率等新频率;仿真得到轴沿Y轴和Z轴方向的弯曲振动频率分别为1 125 Hz和874 Hz,两个频率的大小与幅值仅由轴的固有特性决定;随着齿轮偏心量增大,时变齿侧间隙、动态啮合力、轴上随时间周期性变化的von Mises交变应力和齿轮中心涡动轨迹均明显增大,且最大动态啮合力与齿轮偏心量呈线性递增关系,递增比率为1.77×109. 该研究成果可为提升机电传动系统的动力学性能提供重要的理论参考依据。

关键词: 车辆, 机电传动系统, 齿轮啮合, 弯曲振动, 集中-分布参数模型

Abstract: Electromechanical transmission systems are widely used in new energy vehicles,high-speed trains and other fields. With the development of electromechanical transmission system in high speed,heavy load and light weight,its dynamics characteristics become more and more complex. The dynamics response and influence factors of a fixed shaft gear transmission system driven by a motor under both the action of bending-torsion-pendulum coupling excitation and nonlinear meshing excitation of involute spur gears are analyzed based on lumped-distributed parameter model.A concentration-distributed parameter dynamics model is established by combining the finite element method and the lumped parameter method. The generalized -a numerical method is used to solve the dynamics responses of the system, and the influences of the vibration of shaft and the eccentricity of gear on the dynamics responses of the system are analyzed in detail. It is found that the large von Mises alternating stresses at two points of both the gear installation position on the shaft and the connection position between shaft and bearing are predicted by using the lumped-distributed parameter model. In addition,it is found that the deformation of shaft can induce the new frequencies,such as the bending vibration frequency along Y and Z directions of shaft and the combined frequency of both the mesh frequency and the bending vibration frequency. The simulated results show that the bending vibration frequencies along Y and Z directions of shaft are 1 125 Hz and 874 Hz,respectively,and the magnitude and amplitude of the two frequencies are only determined by the natural characteristics of shaft. The influence laws of gear eccentricity on the system are as follows: with the increase in gear eccentricity,the time-varying dynamic mesh force,backlash,von Mises alternating stress and gear center vortex trajectory increase significantly,the maximum dynamic mesh force increases linearly with the gear eccentricity,and the increment ratio is 1.77×109.

Key words: vehicle, electromechanicaltransmissionsystem, gearmesh, bendingvibration, lumped-distributedparametermodel

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