24-二硝基苯甲醚基熔铸炸药慢速烤燃过程传热特征分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2019.06.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究2,4-二硝基苯甲醚基熔铸炸药慢速烤燃过程的内部传热特征，设计了3组试验装置并进行烤燃试验。通过试验获得了炸药内部各测点在1 K/min热刺激下的温度变化曲线，其相变温度为73 ℃，响应温度为205 ℃，响应后均表现为不完全燃烧反应；结合响应结果判断出点火点位于弹体上部；系统地描述了炸药从固相到液相再到响应的内部温度变化过程。通过数值模拟观察了炸药相变的整个过程，对炸药受热时内部温度场变化进一步分析后发现：固相时炸药内部温度场为同心类椭圆状分布，液相时内部温度场为类层状分布；炸药相变后内部存在自然对流，对流是影响炸药点火点位置分布的主要因素。

关键词: 2, 4-二硝基苯甲醚, 熔铸炸药, 烤燃, 相变, 自然对流, 传热特征

Abstract: 3 experimental devices were designed to investigate the internal heat transfer characteristics of 2,4-dinitroanisole(DNAN)-based melt-cast explosive in slow cook-off test, and tested by scaled thermal explosion experiment. The temperature curves of internal monitoring points in the explosive under a thermal stimulus with the rate of 1 K/min were obtained. It is found that the phase-transition temperature is 73 ℃, the ignition temperature is 205 ℃, and the incomplete combustion reaction occurs after ignition. The ignition location is estimated to be on the upper half of bomb body. The changing process of internal temperature of DNAN-based melt-cast explosive is described. The internal temperature field was analyzed by numerical simulation, and the whole process of phase transition was observed. The results show that the internal temperature field of explosive in solid phase is elliptical, and its internal temperature field in liquid phase is layered. A natural convection arises inside the explosive after phase transition, which is a major factor to affect the ignition location distribution of the explosive. Key

Key words: 2,4-dinitroanisole, melt-castexplosive, cook-off, phasetransition, naturalconvection, heattransfercharacteristic

中图分类号:

TQ564.3

周捷，智小琦，刘子德，王雪，王帅. 24-二硝基苯甲醚基熔铸炸药慢速烤燃过程传热特征分析[J]. 兵工学报, 2019, 40(6): 1154-1160.

ZHOU Jie， ZHI Xiaoqi， LIU Zide， WANG Xue， WANG Shuai. Analysis of the Heat Transfer Characteristics of DNAN-based Melt-cast Explosive in Slow Cook-off Test[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2019, 40(6): 1154-1160.

参考文献

［1］王昕. 美国不敏感混合炸药的发展现状［J］. 火炸药学报, 2007, 30(2):78-80.
WANG X. Current situation of study on insensitive composite explosives in USA［J］. Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants, 2007, 30(2):78-80. (in Chinese)
［2］ FEDOROFF B T. Encyclopedia of explosives and related items: vol.3 ［M］. Dover, NJ, US: Picatinny Arsenal, 1960.
［3］ SCOTT F. Melt pourloading of PAX-21 into the 60 mm M720E1 mortar cartridge ［C］∥Proceedings of Insensitive Munitions and Energetic Materials Technology Symposium.Arlington, MA, US: NDIA， 2000: 91-99.
［4］高杰, 焦建设, 王浩, 等. DNAN基熔铸复合炸药的爆轰性能［J］. 火炸药学报, 2014, 30(3):26-28.
GAO J,JIAO J S,WANG H,et al. Detonation properties of DNAN-based melt-cast composition explosive［J］. Chinese Journal of Explosives and Propellants, 2014, 30(3):26-28. (in Chinese)
［5］王春光, 魏敏, 刘学柱, 等. DNAN基高威力钝感熔铸炸药装药工艺应用［J］. 兵工自动化,2013,32(1):42-47.
WANG C G,WEI M,LIU X Z,et al. Charging technology application of high power insensitive melt-pour explosive based on DNAN［J］. Ordnance Industry Automation, 2013,32(1):42-47. (in Chinese)
［6］罗一鸣, 蒋秋黎, 赵凯, 等. 2，4-二硝基苯甲醚与TNT凝固行为的差异性分析［J］. 火炸药学报, 2015,38(5):37-40.
LUO Y M, JIANG Q L, ZHAO K, et al. Analysis on differences of solidfication behavior of DNAN and TNT［J］. Chinese Journal of Explosives and Propellants, 2015,38(5):37-40. (in Chinese)
［7］蒙君煚, 张向荣, 周霖. DNAN基熔铸炸药成型过程数值仿真［J］.兵工学报, 2013,34(7):810-814.
MENG J J, ZHANG X R, ZHOU L. Simulation of solidification process for DNAN-based melt-cast explosives［J］. Acta Armamentarii, 2013,34(7):810-814. (in Chinese)
［8］王红星, 王晓峰, 罗一鸣, 等. DNAN炸药的烤燃试验［J］.含能材料, 2009,17(2):183-186.
WANG H X,WANG X F,LUO Y M,et al.Cook-off test of DNAN explosive［J］. Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials, 2009,17(2): 183-186. (in Chinese)
［9］陈朗, 李贝贝, 马欣. DNAN炸药烤燃特征［J］. 含能材料, 2016,24(1):27-32.
CHEN L,LI B B,MA X. Research on the cook-off characteristics of DNAN explosive［J］. Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials, 2016,24(1):27-32. (in Chinese)

［10］陈朗, 王沛, 冯长根.考虑相变的炸药烤燃数值模拟计算［J］.含能材料, 2009,17(5):568-573.
CHEN L,WANG P,FENG C G. Numerical simulation of cook-off about phase transition of explosive［J］. Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials, 2009,17(5):568-573. (in Chinese)
［11］ MCCLELLAND M A, GLASCOE E A, NICHOLS A L, et al. ALE3D simulation of incompressible flow, heat transfer, and chemical decomposition of Comp B in slow cookoff experiments［C］∥Proceedings of International Detonation Symposium. San Francisco,CA, US: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory,2014:1-13.
［12］张宁, 李光正. 特殊条件下矩形封闭空腔内自然对流数值研究［J］. 华中科技大学学报,2002,30(7):95-97.
ZHANG N,LI G Z. Natural convection in rectangular enclosures heated from one side and cooled from ceiling［J］. Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 2002,30(7):95-97. (in Chinese)
［13］宋姗姗,郭雪岩. Boussinesq近似与封闭腔体内自然对流的数值模拟［J］.力学季刊,2012,33(1):60-67.
SONG S S,GUO X Y. Boussinesq approximation and numerical simulation of nature convection in a closed square cavity［J］.Chinese Quarterly of Mechanics, 2012,33(1):60-67.(in Chinese)
［14］王福军. 计算流体动力学［M］. 北京:清华大学出版社，2004.
WANG F J. Analysis of computational fluid dynamics［M］. Beijing: Tsinghua University Press， 2004.(in Chinese)
［15］许越. 化学反应动力学［M］. 北京:化学工业出版社，2004.
XU Y. Chemical reaction kinetics［M］. Beijing: Chemical Industry Press,2004. (in Chinese)
［16］王洪伟, 智小琦, 郝春杰, 等. 升温速率对限定条件下烤燃弹热起爆临界温度的影响［J］. 含材料料,2016,24(4):380- 384.
WANG H W,ZHI X Q,HAO C J, et al. Effect of heating rate on the critical temperature of thermal initiation of cook-off bomb in defined conditions［J］. Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials, 2016,24(4):380-384. (in Chinese)

第40卷第6期
2019 年6月兵工学报ACTA
ARMAMENTARIIVol.40No.6Jun.2019

[1]	李博，王博，韩京冶，杨宗睿，栗霖雲，傅畅之. 基于车载计算机的红外图像移动目标检测[J]. 兵工学报, 2022, 43(S1): 66-73.
[2]	李淑睿，段卓平，白志玲，张旭，黄风雷. 2，4-二硝基苯甲醚基熔铸含铝炸药冲击起爆特性[J]. 兵工学报, 2022, 43(6): 1288-1294.
[3]	阚润哲，聂建新，郭学永，闫石，焦清介，张韬. 不同铝氧比CL-20基含铝炸药深水爆炸能量输出特性[J]. 兵工学报, 2022, 43(5): 1023-1031.
[4]	陈恒帅，朱艳丽，李伟，白杰. 基于热传递仿真的热电池激活阶段热特性[J]. 兵工学报, 2022, 43(5): 1194-1200.
[5]	刘瑞峰, 王昕捷, 黄风雷, 黄亨建. 2，4-二硝基苯甲醚基熔铸炸药宏细观烤燃响应特性数值分析[J]. 兵工学报, 2022, 43(2): 287-296.
[6]	赵敏, 曲兆明，王庆国，周星, 陈亚洲. 场致绝缘-金属相变材料的脉冲响应测试方法[J]. 兵工学报, 2022, 43(2): 401-409.
[7]	党泉勇，葛彦鑫，高玉波. 冲击加载下Al₂O₃/SiC复合陶瓷的动态力学行为[J]. 兵工学报, 2022, 43(1): 175-180.
[8]	张海军，聂建新，王领，王栋，郭学永，闫石. 端羟基聚醚推进剂慢速烤燃尺寸效应[J]. 兵工学报, 2021, 42(9): 1858-1866.
[9]	李淑睿，段卓平，郑保辉，罗观，黄风雷. 24-二硝基苯甲醚基熔铸含铝炸药圆筒试验及爆轰产物状态方程[J]. 兵工学报, 2021, 42(7): 1424-1430.
[10]	叶腾钶，徐豫新，武岳，任云燕. 添加TiB₂对石墨烯改性B₄C陶瓷基复合材料抗弹性能的影响[J]. 兵工学报, 2021, 42(7): 1471-1481.
[11]	宁子轩，王琳，程兴旺，程焕武，周哲，张斌斌，王芳，陈东萍. 微观组织对Ti6321钛合金靶板爆炸断裂失效的影响[J]. 兵工学报, 2021, 42(7): 1506-1515.
[12]	沈浩，蔡杰，吕鹏，张从林，李玉新，关庆丰. 激光工艺参数对NiCoCrAlYSi熔覆层微观组织及性能的影响[J]. 兵工学报, 2021, 42(7): 1524-1534.
[13]	潘玥，李定华，杨荣杰，韩炎晖，娄文忠. 烤燃环境下引信及其包装材料的热防护涂层性能[J]. 兵工学报, 2021, 42(6): 1169-1177.
[14]	郑克勤，张庆明，龙仁荣，薛一江，龚自正，武强，张品亮，宋光明. 超高速撞击波阻抗梯度材料形成的碎片云相变特性[J]. 兵工学报, 2021, 42(4): 773-780.
[15]	宁子轩，王琳，程兴旺，程焕武，刘安晋，徐雪峰，周哲，张斌斌. 分离式霍普金森压杆加载下不同组织Ti-6321钛合金的动态响应行为[J]. 兵工学报, 2021, 42(4): 862-870.