聚能射流动态侵彻威力预测模型

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2024.0932

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究受横向扰动下聚能射流侵彻威力的变化规律,建立聚能射流动态侵彻的有限元模型,分析由静态向动态条件的射流侵彻过程的演化过程。基于虚拟原点理论和量纲分析方法,引入虚拟源在量纲分析模型中对射流进行表征。建立考虑横向扰动、射流和靶板强度的射流动态侵彻深度的工程化预测模型。设计并开展基于火箭滑车的射流动态侵彻试验,对数值模拟及预测模型进行验证。研究结果表明,射流动态侵彻深度随靶板横向扰动的增加呈指数型下降;数值模拟、预测模型及试验结果之间吻合较好,预测模型和数值模拟均具备一定的准确性和有效性,新建立的预测模型能够描述横向扰动对聚能射流侵彻威力的影响,为评价成型装药动态毁伤威力提供依据和参考。

关键词: 聚能射流, 虚拟原点, 量纲分析, 动态试验, 有限元模拟

Abstract:

In order to study the variation law of the penetration power of shaped charge jet under lateral disturbance,the finite element models of the dynamic penetration of shaped charge jet are established,and the evolutionary process of jet penetration from static to dynamic conditions is analyzed.Based on the virtual origin theory and dimensional analysis method,a virtual source is introduced to characterize the jet in the dimensional analytical model.An engineering prediction model for dynamic jet penetration depth,which considers lateral disturbance,jet and target plate strength,is established.A jet dynamic penetration test based on a rocket sled is designed and conducted,and the numerical simulation and prediction models are validated.The research results indicate that the dynamic penetration depth of shaped charge jet decreases exponentially with the increase in the lateral disturbance of target plates.The numerically simulated results,prediction model,and experimental results are in good agreement with each other,and both the prediction model and numerical simulation have a certain degree of accuracy and effectiveness.The proposed prediction model can describe the influence of lateral disturbance on the penetration power of shaped charge jet,thus providing a basis and reference for evaluating the dynamic damage power of formed charges.

Key words: shaped charge, virtual origin, dimensional analysis, dynamic test, finite element simulation

中图分类号:

TJ301

王艺臻, 尹建平, 张雪朋, 伊建亚, 李旭东. 聚能射流动态侵彻威力预测模型[J]. 兵工学报, 2025, 46(6): 240932-.

WANG Yizhen, YIN Jianping, ZHANG Xuepeng, YI Jianya, LI Xudong. A Prediction Model for Dynamic Penetration of Shaped Charge Jet[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2025, 46(6): 240932-.

图/表 16

图1 成型装药简化模型

Fig.1 Simplified model of shaped charge

图2 射流动态侵彻数值模拟模型

Fig.2 Numerical simulation model of jet dynamic penetration

表1 紫铜药型罩材料参数

Table 1 Material parameters of copper liner

ρ/(kg·m³)	A/GPa	B/GPa	C	N	M
8960	0.09	0.290	0.025	0.31	1.09

表2 8701炸药材料参数

Table 2 Material parameters of 8701 explosive

参数	数值	参数	数值
ρ_e/(kg·m^-3)	1717	R₁	4.2
D/(m·s^-1)	8320	R₂	1.1
p_C-J	0.37	E₀	0.102
α/GPa	524.23	ω	0.34
β/GPa	7.68

表3 30CrMnMoRE的化学成分

Tab.3 Chemical composition of 30CrMnMoRE

材料	比例/%	材料	比例/%
碳C	0.26	钼Mo	0.60
硅Si	0.30	铬Cr	0.80
锰Mn	1.05	铼Re	0.07

表4 壳体、波形调整器及靶板材料参数

Table 4 Material parameters of shell, wave shaper and target plate

材料	ρ_ξ/(kg·m^-3)	E/GPa	ν	σ_Y/GPa	β
2024-T3铝合金	2 780	72.4	0.33	0.345	0.5
酚醛树脂	1130	0.35	0.36	0.12	1
30CrMnMoRE	7830	202.8	0.3	0.975	1

图3 射流静态侵彻试验

Fig.3 Jet static penetration test

图4 射流静态侵彻试验结果

Fig.4 Results of jet static penetration test

图5 射流静态侵彻数值模拟

Fig.5 Numerical simulation of jet static penetration

图6 典型射流动态侵彻深度

Fig.6 Typical dynamic penetration depths of jets

图7 无量纲化变量Lmd/S与vt的关系

Fig.7 The relationship between Lmd/S and vt

图8 射流动态侵彻深度及模型预测曲线

Fig.8 Jet dynamic penetration depth and prediction curve

图9 射流动态侵彻试验原理图

Fig.9 Schematic diagram of jet dynamic penetration test

图10 射流动态侵彻试验结果记录

Fig.10 Records of jet dynamic penetration test results

图11 不同相对速度下射流动态试验结果

Fig.11 Dynamic test results at different relative speeds

图12 射流动态侵彻结果对比

Fig.12 Comparison of jet dynamic penetration results

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