连续波调频引信分数域匹配阶抗扫频干扰方法

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2023.1188

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对连续波调频(Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave,FMCW)引信易遭受的扫频干扰问题,提出一种分数域匹配阶干扰抑制方法。该方法基于FMCW引信目标回波差频信号为多个单音信号叠加、干扰差频信号为线性调频信号的特点,利用线性调频信号在特定阶数分数阶域的聚集性,通过分数阶域一维恒虚警检测,获得干扰信号位置,并通过干扰位置幅相重构剔除干扰对引信的影响。针对干扰信号分数阶域阶数寻优问题,设计迭代黄金分割搜索法的分数阶变换阶次快速搜索算法。通过仿真和实测数据验证了新方法的有效性,验证结果表明:在低于-20dB信干噪比条件下,新方法能够有效抑制同频非相参调频信号的干扰。

关键词: 引信, 连续波调频, 扫频干扰, 抗干扰, 分数阶傅里叶变换, 恒虚警检测

Abstract:

In order to address the issue of frequency sweeping jamming that a frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) fuze is susceptible to,a method for suppressing the frequency sweeping jamming based on matching transform order in fractional Fourier domain is designed.This method is based on the characteristics that the target echo beat signal of FMCW fuze is superimposed by multiple single-tone signals,and the jamming beat signal is linear frequency modulation signal.The position of jamming signal is obtained using the aggregation of linear frequency modulation signals at a specific order in the fractional Fourier domain through one-dimensional constant false alarm rate(1D-CFAR)detection.This method eliminates the impact of jamming on fuze by reconstructing the amplitude and phase of signal at the interfered location.Moreover,a fast search algorithm for frequency modulation,utilizing the iterative golden section search(GSS)method,is developed for the optimization of fractional order of jamming signals.The effectiveness of the proposed method was verified through the simulated and measured data.The results indicate that the proposed method can effectively suppress the frequency sweeping jamming when the signal to interference plus noise ratio(SINR)is below-20dB.

Key words: fuze, frequency modulated continuous wave, frequency sweeping jamming, anti-jamming, fractional Fourier transform, constant false alarm rate detection

中图分类号:

TJ43+4.1

杨秋燕, 陈齐乐, 郝新红. 连续波调频引信分数域匹配阶抗扫频干扰方法[J]. 兵工学报, 2025, 46(1): 231188-.

YANG Qiuyan, CHEN Qile, HAO Xinhong. An Anti-frequency Sweeping Jamming Method Based on Matching Order in Fractional Fourier Domain for FMCW Fuze[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2025, 46(1): 231188-.

图/表 16

图1 FRFT示意图

Fig.1 FRFT rotationon the time-frequency plane

图2 干扰差频信号频谱

Fig.2 Spectrogram of jamming beat signal

图3 抗干扰方法流程图

Fig.3 Flowchart of anti-jamming method

图4 基于GSS的调频率估计结果

Fig.4 Estimation of chirp rate based on GSS

图5 算法伪代码

Fig.5 Pseudocode of algorithm

表1 仿真参数

Table 1 Simulation parameters

参数	数值
载波频率/GHz	10
调制周期/μs	30
调制带宽/MHz	100
带通滤波器频带/MHz	0.2~45
引信探测范围/m	10~2000
采样速率/MHz	90

图6 干扰作用下差频信号的时频域特性

Fig.6 Time domain and frequency domain of beat signal under interference

图7 差频信号的FRFT与干扰检测

Fig.7 Fractional order Fourier transform of beat frequency signals and interference detection

图8 幅相重构后的目标回波差频信号

Fig.8 Target echo beat frequency signal after amplitude and phase reconstruction

图9 抗干扰处理后差频信号的时频域特性

Fig.9 Time domain and frequency domain of beat signal after interference mitigation

图10 SINR=-20dB时4种抗干扰算法下引信测距结果

Fig.10 Ranging results of different IM methods for SINR=-20dB

图11 不同SINR条件下算法干扰抑制效果

Fig.11 Interference suppression performance of the proposed algorithm under different SINRs

图12 实测场景

Fig.12 Measuring scene

图13 扫频干扰下差频信号波形

Fig.13 Waveform of beat signal under frequency-sweeping interference

图14 抗干扰处理后差频信号波形

Fig.14 Waveform of beat signal after interference mitigation

图15 测距结果对比

Fig.15 Comparison of ranging results

参考文献 23

[1]	崔占忠, 宋世和, 徐立新, 等. 近感引信原理[M]. 第3版. 北京: 北京理工大学出版社,2009:68.
	CUI Z Z, SONG S H, XU L X, et al. Principle of proximity fuze[M]. 3rd edition. Beijing: Beijing Institute of Technology Press,2009:68. (in Chinese)
[2]	董二娃, 郝新红, 栗苹, 等. 新体制引信干扰机理分析[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2021, 33(12):59-65.
	DONG E W, HAO X H, LI P, et al. Interference mechanism analysis of new type of fuze[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2021, 33(12):59-65. (in Chinese)
[3]	王哲, 郝新红, 郭晨曦, 等. 针对调频引信的窄带扫频式干扰优化方法[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2017, 29(10):56-60.
	WANG Z, HAO X H, GUO C X, et al. Optimized narrow-band sweep jamming approach for frequency-modulated continuous-wave radio fuze[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2017, 29(10):56-60. (in Chinese)
[4]	SKARIA S, AL-HOURANI A J, EVANS R, et al. Interference mitigation in automotive radars using pseudo-random cyclic orthogonal sequences[J]. Sensors, 2019, 19(20):4459.
[5]	陈齐乐, 晏祺, 郝新红, 等. 无线电近炸引信混沌码调相与线性调频复合调制波形设计与分析[J]. 兵工学报, 2018, 39(11):2127-2136. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2018.11.006
	CHEN Q L, YAN Q, HAO X H, et al. Analysis of transmitting waveform of radio fuze modulated by chaotic bi-phased code and hybrid linear frequency modulation[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2018, 39(11):2127-2136. (in Chinese)
[6]	HOSSAIN M A, ELSHAFIEY I, AL-SANIE A. Waveform diversity for mutual interference mitigation in automotive radars under realistic traffic environments[J]. Signal,Image and Video Processing, 2019, 13(1):1-8.
[7]	夏栋, 张凯旋, 丁友宝, 等. 基于相位编码波形捷变和CFAR技术的抗同频干扰[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2022, 44(4):1210-1219. doi: 10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2022.04.18
	XIA D, ZHANG K X, DING Y B, et al. Co-channel interference resistance based on agile wave form of phase encode and CFAR technology[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2022, 44(4):1210-1219. (in Chinese) doi: 10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2022.04.18
[8]	鲍秋香. 频率随机捷变雷达抗扫频干扰性能仿真[J]. 舰船电子对抗, 2021, 44(5):78-81.
	BAO Q X. Simulation of anti-sweep jamming performance of frequency random agility radar[J]. Shipboard Electronic Countermeasure, 2021, 44(5):78-81. (in Chinese)
[9]	LIM S, LEE S, CHOI J H,etal. Mutual interference suppression and signal restoration in automotive FMCW radar systems[J]. IEICE Transactions on Communications, 2019, E102.B(6):1198-1208.
[10]	杨瑾, 郝新红, 周文, 等. 基于异值检测及干扰样本归零的调频引信抗扫频干扰方法[J]. 探测与控制学报, 2023, 45(5):22-26.
	YANG J, HAO X H, ZHOU W, et al. FM fuze anti sweep interference based on heterogeneity detection and zero interference samples[J]. Journal of Detection & Control, 2023, 45(5):22-26. (in Chinese)
[11]	NEEMAT S, KRASNOV O, YAROVOYA. An interference mitigation technique for FMCW radar using beat-frequencies interpolation in the STFT domain[J]. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 2019, 67(3):1207-1220.
[12]	WANG J. CFAR-Based interference mitigation for FMCW automotive radar systems[J]. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 2022, 23(8):12229-12238.
[13]	LEE S, LEE J Y, KIM S C. Mutual interference suppression using wavelet denoising in automotive FMCW radar systems[J]. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 2021, 22(2):887-897.
[14]	SUN K, ZHANG M, YANG D. A new interference detection method based on joint hybrid time-frequency distribution for GNSS receivers[J]. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2016, 65(11):9057-9071.
[15]	OZAKTAS H M, MENDLOVIC D. Fractional Fourier transforms and their optical implementation II[J]. Journal of the Optical Society of America A, 1993, 10(12):2522-2531.
[16]	OZAKTAS H M, MENDLOVIC D. Digital computation of the fractional Fourier transform[J]. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 1996, 44(9):2141-2150.
[17]	刁鸣, 朱云飞, 宁晓燕, 等. 基于新型DFrFT的LFM信号参数估计算法[J]. 哈尔滨工业大学学报, 2022, 54(5):88-93.
	DIAO M, ZHU Y F, NING X Y, et al. Parameter estimation algorithm for LFM signal based on new DFrFT[J]. Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology, 2022, 54(5):88-93. (in Chinese)
[18]	CHEN R, WANG Y M. Universal FRFT-based algorithm for parameter estimation of chirp signals[J]. Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2012, 23(4):495-501. doi: 10.1109/JSEE.2012.00063
[19]	宋耀辉, 黄仰超, 张衡阳, 等. 基于FRFT的多分量LFM信号检测与参数估计方法[J]. 北京航空航天大学学报, 2020, 46(6):1221-1228.
	SONG Y H, HUANG Y C, ZHANG H Y, et al. Multicomponent LFM signal detection and parameter estimation method based on FRFT[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2020, 46(6):1221-1228. (in Chinese)
[20]	YANG T T, SHAO J, CHEN Y L, et al. Parameter estimation of multi component LFM signals based on nonlinear mode decomposition and FrFT[C]//Proceedings of the 2018 10th International Conference on Advanced Computational Intelligence. Xiamen:IEEE,2018:204-209.
[21]	JIN F, CAO S Y. Automotive radar interference mitigation using adaptive noise canceller[J]. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2019, 68(4):3747-3754.
[22]	BARAL A B, UPADHYAY B R, TORLAK M. Automotive radar interference mitigation using two-stage signal decomposition approach[C]//Proceedings of the 2023 IEEE Radar Conference.San Antonio,TX, US:IEEE, 2023,1-6.
[23]	SALEH M, OMAR S M, GRIVEL E, et al. A modified stepped frequency phase coding radar waveform designed for the frequency domain algorithm[J]. Digital Signal Processing, 2019,88:101-115.