基于光滑粒子流体动力学数值仿真方法的武器系统冲击损伤虚拟试验

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2024.0959

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

冲击损伤问题广泛存在于各类武器装备中并严重影响装备使用及寿命,目前针对冲击损伤的虚拟试验研究尚没有普遍适用的基础模型。围绕冲击损伤虚拟试验基础模型构建问题,对光滑流体动力学基本原理及其数值仿真方法在冲击损伤虚拟试验中的应用展开深入论述。构建改进的光滑粒子流体动力学(Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics,SPH)数值计算模型,对物理模型的粒子化处理、材料边界处理等问题进行详细论述。对典型的刚性颗粒冲击铜靶板问题进行仿真计算,验证仿真可靠性和计算准确性,并对刚性颗粒不同棱角接触靶板的损伤情况进行对比分析,以充分说明SPH方法在冲击损伤虚拟试验中的适用性。

关键词: 冲击损伤, 光滑粒子流体动力学, 边界处理方法, 虚拟试验, 数值仿真

Abstract:

The problem of impact damage widely exists in various types of weapons and equipment,and seriously affects their use and lifespan.Currently,there is no universally applicable basic model for virtual experimental research on impact damage.This article focuses on the construction of basic model for impact damage virtual testing,and discusses the basic principles of smooth fluid dynamics and the application of its numerical simulation method in impact damage virtual testing.An improved smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH)numerical calculation model is constructed,and the particle processing and material boundary treatment of physical models are discussed in detail.Simulation calculations are conducted on the impact of typical rigid particles on the impact copper target plates,verifying the reliability and accuracy of the simulation.The damage situations of target plates impacted by the rigid particles with different edges and angles are compared and analyzed,fully demonstrating the applicability of the SPH method in virtual impact damage testing.

Key words: impact damage, smoothed particle hydrodynamics, boundary treatment method, virtual experiment, numerical simulation

李鹏飞, 夏洪利, 侯川玉, 周宇琦, 缪海斌. 基于光滑粒子流体动力学数值仿真方法的武器系统冲击损伤虚拟试验[J]. 兵工学报, 2024, 45(S2): 208-214.

LI Pengfei, XIA Hongli, HOU Chuanyu, ZHOU Yuqi, MIAO Haibin. The Virtual Test of Impact Damage on Weapon SystemBased on SPH Numerical Simulation Method[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(S2): 208-214.

图/表 13

图1 α=20°时有限体积法计算结果

Fig.1 Calculated results of FEM method when α=20°

图2 α=20°时SPH方法计算结果

Fig.2 Calculated results of SPH method when α=20°

表1 铜靶板材料参数

Table1 Material parameters of copper target plate

参数		数值
密度ρ₀/(kg·m^-3)		8960
剪切模量G/GPa		46
泊松比v		0.34
比热容C_p/( J·kg^-1·K^-1)		383
塑性模型参数/MPa	A_jc	90
	B_jc	292
	N_jc	0.31
	C_jc	0.025

图3 颗粒冲击试验示意图及关键参数

Fig.3 Schematic diagram and key parameters of particle impact test

图4 颗粒冲击过程实验设备成像结果

Fig.4 Imaging results of particle impact process recorded by experimental equipment

图5 颗粒冲击过程SPH方法仿真计算结果

Fig.5 Simulated results of particle impact process calculated by SPH method

图6 凹坑表面深度曲线示意图和关键参数

Fig.6 Depth curve and key parameters of pit surface

图7 凹坑表面深度曲线试验测量结果

Fig.7 Measured result of pit surface depth curve

图8 凹坑表面深度曲线FEM方法计算结果

Fig.8 FEM result of pit surface depth curve test

图9 凹坑表面深度曲线SPH方法计算结果

Fig.9 SPH result of pit surface depth curve test

表2 凹坑表面深度曲线关键参数的结果对比

Table 2 Comparison of key parameters of pit surface depth curve results

主要参数	实验测量	FEM计算结果	SPH计算结果
d_max/mm	0.97	1.09	1.05
h_lip/mm	0.57	0.55	0.41

图10 刚性颗粒与靶板接触的棱角为60°时的冲击过程

Fig.10 Impact process of rigid particles in contact with the target plate at an angle of 60 °

图11 刚性颗粒颗粒与靶板接触的棱角为120°时的冲击过程

Fig.11 Impact process of rigid particles in contact with the target plate at an angle of 120 °

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