基于极值外推的特种车辆疲劳耐久性多轴载荷谱编制

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2023.0431

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

非道路特种车辆服役载荷谱是整车结构耐久性的关键,为此提出基于极值外推的特种车辆疲劳耐久性多轴服役载荷编制方法。考虑到多轴载荷谱外推时的载荷通道之间具有相位关系,开展以临界平面损伤参量为基础的多轴载荷等效合成研究;构建极值超出量服从广义Pareto分布的多轴外推模型。利用等效合成载荷谱进行载荷外推,将基于等效合成系数获取的外推量分配到每个载荷通道上,实现考虑相位关系的多轴载荷外推。以典型工况下特种车辆的轮端六向力信号为研究对象进行多轴外推,并对比外推前后的载荷谱与采集载荷谱通道之间的相位关系、穿级计数、雨流计数和功率谱密度。研究结果表明:基于极值外推的特种车辆整车疲劳耐久性多轴载荷编制,可以实现在相同典型工况下多轴载荷谱的有效预测。

关键词: 特种车辆, 多轴载荷谱, 极值外推, 相位关系

Abstract:

The service load spectrum of off-road special vehicle is the key to the structural durability of the vehicle. A method for compiling the multiaxial load spectra for the fatigue durability of special vehicle based on extreme value extrapolation is proposed. Considering the phase relationship between the load channels during the extrapolation of multiaxial load spectra, the equivalent synthesis of multiaxial loads based on the critical plane damage parameter is studied. A multiaxial extrapolation model for the exceedance of extreme value being subjected to the generalized Pareto distribution is extablished. The load spectra are extrapolated using the equivalent synthesized load spectra, and the extrapolated variation is allocated to each load channel based on the synthesis coefficient to achieve the multiaxial load extrapolation considering the phase relationship. The multiaxial extrapolation is conducted by taking the six-directional force signal at the wheel center of special vehicles under typical working conditions as the objective. The aspects of the load spectra before and after extrapolation and the load spectra acquisited are all compared in terms of phase relationship, level crossing counting, rainflow counting and power spectral density. The results indicate that the multiaxial load compilation of special vehicle fatigue durability based on extreme value extrapolation can be used to effectively predict the multiaxial load spectra under the same typical working conditions.

Key words: special vehicle, multiaxial load spectra, extreme extrapolation, phase relationship

中图分类号:

TJ306

郑国峰, 杨思宇, 陈柏先, 隗寒冰, 赵树恩. 基于极值外推的特种车辆疲劳耐久性多轴载荷谱编制[J]. 兵工学报, 2024, 45(7): 2414-2425.

ZHENG Guofeng, YANG Siyu, CHEN Baixian, WEI Hanbing, ZHAO Shu’en. Compilation of Multiaxial Load Spectra for Fatigue Durability of Special Vehicle Based on Extreme Value Extrapolation[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(7): 2414-2425.

图/表 14

图1 基于等效应力的结构疲劳损伤计算示意图

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of structural fatigue damage calculation based on equivalent stress

图2 随机载荷外推数据处理与方法示意图

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of data processing and methods for random load extrapolation

图3 特种车辆整车疲劳耐久性载荷谱采集

Fig.3 Load spectrum acquisition of special vehicle fatigue durability

图4 特种车辆整车疲劳耐久性载荷谱

Fig.4 Fatigue durability load spectra of special vehicle

图5 等效载荷合成的遍历组合系数及对应的伪损伤量

Fig.5 Coefficient of equivalent load spectra and corresponding pseudo damage

图6 载荷谱上、下超出量及其广义Pareto分布函数的参数拟合

Fig.6 Upper and lower exceedances of load spectra and the parameter fitting of generalized Pareto distribution function

表1 上、下阈值及对应的广义Pareto分布函数拟合参数

Table 1 Upper and lower thresholds and corresponding generalized Pareto distribution parameters

阈值	形状参数	尺度参数
-5471	0.405	731.182
-29673	0.006	2574.500

图7 外推载荷谱与采集载荷谱

Fig.7 Extrapolated and captured load spectra

图8 载荷谱相位关系计算方法示意图

Fig.8 Schematic diagram for calculating the phase relationship of load spectra

图9 外推前后载荷谱相位关系矩阵

Fig.9 Phase relationship matrix of load spectra before and after extrapolation

图10 外推前后与采集载荷谱的典型通道的穿级计数分析

Fig.10 The level crossing of two load spectra before and after extrapolation

表2 不同载荷谱各通道之间的CD

Table 2 The CD between different load spectra and channels

载荷通道	原始载荷谱-外推载荷谱	外推载荷谱-采集载荷谱
F_x	0.9999	0.9928
F_y	0.9990	0.8615
F_z	0.9996	0.9723
M_x	0.9993	0.8965
M_y	0.9989	0.9574
M_z	0.9999	0.9909

图11 外推前后与采集载荷谱的功率谱密度分析

Fig.11 Power spectrum density of load spectra before and after extrapolated

图12 外推前后与采集载荷谱的雨流计数分析

Fig.12 Rainflow counting of load spectra before and after extrapolation

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