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兵工学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (6): 1215-1222.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2021.06.011

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

多孔聚丙烯酸盐制备及对高氯酸铵热分解的催化

霍俊达, 闫振展, 鲁月文, 韩纪旻, 杨利   

  1. (北京理工大学 爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室, 北京 100081)
  • 上线日期:2021-07-19
  • 通讯作者: 杨利(1972—),女,教授,博士生导师 E-mail:yanglibit@bit.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:霍俊达(1994—),男,硕士研究生。E-mail: huojunda94@vip.qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(11672040)

Preparation of Porous Polyacrylate and Its Catalysis on Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate

HUO Junda, YAN Zhenzhan, LU Yuewen, HAN Jimin, YANG Li   

  1. (State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China)
  • Online:2021-07-19

摘要: 基于溶胶-凝胶法将金属粒子引入高分子链中,冷冻干燥后得到的多孔含金属高分子材料兼具流散性好、比表面积大以及孔隙结构丰富等特点,既可以解决纳米金属催化剂的团聚问题,又能够提供充足的催化活性位点。制备两种纳米级别聚丙烯酸铜(PAA-Cu)和聚丙烯酸铅(PAA-Pb)多孔含金属高分子材料,采用扫描电镜、透射电镜、红外光谱法、热重质谱联用、比表面及孔隙率分析等手段,对PAA-Cu和PAA-Pb进行详细表征;利用热重-红外-气相色谱-质谱四联用,分析PAA-Cu和PAA-Pb对高氯酸铵(AP)热分解的催化效果。结果表明:PAA-Cu使AP的高温分解峰提前了143.1 ℃,PAA-Pb使AP的高温分解峰提前了73.7 ℃;碳化后PAA-Cu孔隙率和比表面积增大,Cu及其氧化物在碳骨架结构原位生成且分散均匀,二者共同增加了催化活性物质与AP的接触面积,有助于AP热分解的催化。

关键词: 聚丙烯酸铜, 聚丙烯酸铅, 高氯酸铵, 多孔含金属高分子材料, 热分解, 催化剂

Abstract: The metal particles are introduced into the polymer chain by the sol-gel method. The porous metal-containing polymer material, which is obtained by freeze-drying, has the features of fluxion, large specific surface area and porosity. These features not only restrain the agglomeration of nano-metal catalyzer, but also provide sufficient catalytic active sites. Two kinds of porous metal-containing polymers (PAA-Cu and PAA-Pb) were prepared. Scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method are used to characterize PAA-Cu and PAA-Pb. TG-IR-GC-MS combination is used to analyze the catalysis of PAA-Cu and PAA-Pb on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP). The results indicate that the decomposition peak temperature of AP is decreased to 143.1 ℃ under the catalysis of PAA-Cu and 73.7 ℃ under the catalysis of PAA-Pb. Porous PAA-Cu which is of better catalysis compared with PAA-Pb was calcined in this paper. Cu and Cu2O are produced by in-situ decomposition, while the increasing porosity promotes the exposure of catalytic active substances. The new features obtained by calcination make for the catalysis on thermal decomposition of AP.

Key words: copperpolyacrylate, leadpolyacrylate, ammoniumperchlorate, porousmetal-containingpolymer, thermaldecomposition, catalyst

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