核爆炸对地冲击作用下土体运动特性等效模拟

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2021.01.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 核爆炸存在多场耦合效应、强非线性以及岩土介质大变形等问题，使核爆炸对地冲击波成分复杂，难以对核爆炸对地冲击效应进行准确仿真。为解决上述问题，提出一种综合考虑感生冲击波与直接冲击波叠加效应的核爆炸对地冲击准确描述方法，并建立了仿真模型。以美军某试验为例对核爆炸对地冲击作用下的土体运动特性进行分析，捕捉到了由冲击波超压引发的感生冲击波，揭示地面及地表浅层目标在遭受空气冲击波作用的同时还承受感生冲击波的作用，完整的核爆炸对地冲击效应是感生冲击波与直接冲击波联合作用的产物。仿真结果与美军试验数据^［3］、TM 5-858-2手册经验公式^［8］计算值相吻合，证明了该仿真方法的正确性，可为地面及地下结构在核爆炸对地冲击效应下的强度校核提供有效的参考。

关键词: 核爆炸, 对地冲击, 有限元方法, 仿真分析, 土体运动特性

Abstract: Nuclear explosion induces the problems such as multi-field coupling, strong nonlinearity and large deformation of rock and soil media, which makes the ground shock wave composition complex and difficult to simulate the ground shock effect of nuclear explosion accurately. In order to solve these problems, an accurate method for describing the combined effect of induced ground shock wave and direct ground shock wave is proposed, and a simulation analysis model is established. The method is used to simulate a ground motion test which was carried out by the U.S. Army. Ground shock waves induced by the overpressure shock front were obtained, which shows that the surface and subsurface targets are subjected to the effects of induced ground shock wave while being hit by the air shock wave, and the round shock effect of entire nuclear detonation is the combination of airblast-induced ground shock and direct ground shock. The simulated results of soil velocity fit well with both test data^［3］ and calculated values in TM 5-858-2^［8］, proving the validity of this numerical simulation model.

Key words: nuclearexplosion, groundshock, finiteelementmethod, simulationanalysis, soilmotioncharacteristic

中图分类号:

O382⁺.2

荣吉利，宋逸博，王玺，郭振，项大林，吴志培. 核爆炸对地冲击作用下土体运动特性等效模拟[J]. 兵工学报, 2021, 42(1): 56-64.

RONG Jili, SONG Yibo, WANG Xi, GUO Zhen, XIANG Dalin, WU Zhipei. Equivalent Simulation of Soil Motion Characteristics under the Action of Ground Shock Induced by Nuclear Explosion[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2021, 42(1): 56-64.

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