对置活塞二冲程柴油机新鲜充量短路研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2018.06.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了研究二冲程发动机新鲜充量短路现象、提高其换气质量，并深入了解二冲程发动机换气过程，以某对置活塞二冲程柴油机为研究对象，通过排气管中短路新鲜充量质量占比的改变来表征换气过程中新鲜充量的短路，研究了进排气压差、排气背压和气口参数等设计参数对于该柴油机在换气过程中短路问题的影响规律。结果表明：压差的增加会使新鲜充量出现大量短路的时刻提前，对于整个换气过程而言，在压差较大时缸内废气的清扫效果较好；排气背压的增加可以推后新鲜充量出现大量短路的时刻，降低缸内废气的清扫程度；进气口高度增加会提前新鲜充量出现大量短路的时刻，并改善换气过程；排气口高度的增加有助于缸内废气的清扫；进气口和排气口宽度的变化对短路现象影响都不是十分明显。

关键词: 柴油机, 对置活塞二冲程, 新鲜充量短路, 压差, 背压, 气口参数

Abstract: With the goal of studying the short circuiting phenomenon of fresh air, improving the scavenging quality, and deeply comprehending the scavenging process of two-stroke engines, the effects of pressure difference, back pressure and scavenging system parameters on the short circuit of fresh air during the scavenging process of opposed-piston two-stroke engine (OP2S) are investigated by using the variation of the unburnt gas mass ratio in exhaust pipe to reflect the short-circuited phenomenon of fresh gas. The results show that the increase in the pressure difference can bring the short-circuiting of time a large fraction of fresh air to be ahead of time. In scavenging process, the scaening effect is better at large pressure difference. The increase in the back pressure can postpone the short-circuiting timing of fresh air and worsen the scavenging process. The increase in the intake port height brings the short-circuiting of a large fraction of fresh air to be ahead of time. It is also helpful in improving the scavenging process. The increase in the exhaust port height is benefit for scavenging process. The varieties of the intake port and exhaust port widths have no significant influence on the short-circuiting phenomenon of fresh air. Key

Key words: dieselengine, opposed-pistontwo-stroke, freshairshort-circuiting, pressuredifference, backpressure, scavengingparameter

中图分类号:

TK421⁺.3

刘宇航，张付军，高宏力，王苏飞. 对置活塞二冲程柴油机新鲜充量短路研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2018, 39(6): 1058-1065.

LIU Yu-hang, ZHANG Fu-jun, GAO Hong-li, WANG Su-fei. Study of Short-circuit of Fresh Air in Opposed-piston Two-stroke Diesel Engine[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2018, 39(6): 1058-1065.

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第39卷第6期
2018 年6月兵工学报ACTA
ARMAMENTARIIVol.39No.6Jun.2018

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