芳纶纤维增强复合材料低温铣削研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2015.11.019

兵工学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (11): 2141-2148.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2015.11.019

芳纶纤维增强复合材料低温铣削研究

王凤彪¹，张金豹¹，马玉勇²，侯博¹，王永青¹

（1.大连理工大学机械工程学院，辽宁大连 116024；2. 中国运载火箭技术研究院材料与工艺研究所，北京 100076 ）

收稿日期:2015-04-14 修回日期:2015-04-14 上线日期:2016-02-02
通讯作者: 王凤彪 E-mail:wfb_0_0@163.com
作者简介:王凤彪（1979—），男，讲师
基金资助:
国家科技重大专项（2014ZX04015021）

Research on Milling Process of Aramid Fiber Reinforced Composite Materials in Cryogenic Conditions

WANG Feng-biao¹, ZHANG Jin-bao¹, MA Yu-yong², HOU Bo¹, WANG Yong-qing¹

(1.School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China;2.Research Institute of Material and Processing Technology, China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology, Beijing 100076, China)

Received:2015-04-14 Revised:2015-04-14 Online:2016-02-02
Contact: WANG Feng-biao E-mail:wfb_0_0@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了降低芳纶纤维增强复合材料铣削加工起毛、高温烧蚀缺陷，提高其切削性能和加工质量，采用液氮作为切削液进行数控铣床深冷切削。利用超大景深数码显微镜测量试样表面形貌，3D表面轮廓仪测量试样表面粗糙度，测力仪测量切削点切削力。建立了材料铣削过程模型；分析了纤维材料干铣削缺陷产生的原因；探讨了液氮深冷铣削机制。结果表明：相比于干切削，深冷切削时切速越高，表面质量越好，相同切速时深冷切削表面质量更佳；两种切削条件下，随着切速升高，主切削力均呈下降趋势，且深冷时下降得更加明显，当相同切速时深冷铣削主切削力较之干切削有所提高；纤维编织粘接成型点承受铣刀刃压力不足，以及纤维高温受力后出现自动避让和伸长的特性，导致铣削表面质量无法准确控制;深冷铣削力的提高，切削区温度的下降都对芳纶纤维加工缺陷的改善起到了积极作用。为了降低芳纶纤维增强复合材料铣削加工起毛、高温烧蚀缺陷，提高其切削性能和加工质量，采用液氮作为切削液进行数控铣床深冷切削。利用超大景深数码显微镜测量试样表面形貌，3D表面轮廓仪测量试样表面粗糙度，测力仪测量切削点切削力。建立了材料铣削过程模型；分析了纤维材料干铣削缺陷产生的原因；探讨了液氮深冷铣削机制。结果表明：相比于干切削，深冷切削时切速越高，表面质量越好，相同切速时深冷切削表面质量更佳；两种切削条件下，随着切速升高，主切削力均呈下降趋势，且深冷时下降得更加明显，当相同切速时深冷铣削主切削力较之干切削有所提高；纤维编织粘接成型点承受铣刀刃压力不足，以及纤维高温受力后出现自动避让和伸长的特性，导致铣削表面质量无法准确控制;深冷铣削力的提高，切削区温度的下降都对芳纶纤维加工缺陷的改善起到了积极作用。

关键词: 机械制造工艺与设备, 芳纶纤维, 深冷切削, 缺陷, 表面质量, 切削力

Abstract: In order to reduce the defects of fluff and high temperature ablation of aramid fiber reinforced materials during milling, and to improve the cutting performance and machining quality, the material is processed by CNC milling machine. The liquid nitrogen is used as a cryogenic cutting fluid. The ultra-deep microscope digital microscope,3D surface contourgraph and dynamometer are used to measure the surface morphology, surface roughness and cutting force of cut specimens, respectively. A material model of milling process is established. The defects of dry milling are analyzed,and the liquid nitrogen cryogenic cutting mechanism is discussed. The results show that the machining quality of cryogenic cutting is excellent compared to dry ones at the same cutting speed. In two kinds of cutting conditions, the main cutting force declines with the increase in speed, and for the cryogenic one the trend is more obvious. At the same speed, the main cutting force in cryogenic milling is higher than that in dry milling. For the adhesive point of fiber woven it is lower cutter stress tolerance, and the fiber has automatic collision avoidance and elongation properties at high temperature and pressure, which lead to the inaccurate controll of milled surface quality. Besides the improvement of cryogenic cutting force and cutting temperature drop have played a positive role for the improvement of the aramid fiber cutting defects.

Key words: manufacturing technology and equipment, aramid fibers, cryogenic cutting, defect, surface quality, cutting force

中图分类号:

TH161

王凤彪，张金豹，马玉勇，侯博，王永青. 芳纶纤维增强复合材料低温铣削研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2015, 36(11): 2141-2148.

WANG Feng-biao, ZHANG Jin-bao, MA Yu-yong, HOU Bo, WANG Yong-qing. Research on Milling Process of Aramid Fiber Reinforced Composite Materials in Cryogenic Conditions[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2015, 36(11): 2141-2148.

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芳纶纤维增强复合材料低温铣削研究

Research on Milling Process of Aramid Fiber Reinforced Composite Materials in Cryogenic Conditions

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