化学镀法制备HMX/Cu复合粒子及其热分解特性的研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2014.01.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用化学镀法制备了HMX/Cu复合粒子，利用SEM和XRD研究其大小、形貌和物相组成，并通过DSC对其热分解特性进行了分析。研究结果表明： HMX/Cu复合粒子表面负载Cu的粒径约为80 nm，包覆比较均匀；负载的纳米Cu对HMX的固相分解有明显催化作用，前期分解热量百分比值从2.37%增加到97.29%，热分解峰向低温方向移动35.53 ℃，并且热分解放缓；当升温速率为15 ℃/min时 HMX/Cu的热分解变得非常剧烈；与HMX相比，HMX/Cu的表观活化能降低了33.16 kJ/mol；适量O₂存在有利于纳米HMX/Cu的热分解。对纳米Cu的催化机理进行分析，提出了催化剂的“空间分布效应”。

关键词: 兵器科学与技术, 化学镀, 负载催化剂, 纳米Cu, 热分解, 催化作用

Abstract: HMX/Cu composite particles are prepared by the electroless plating method. The size, morphology and phase of particles are analyzed by SEM and XRD. And the DSC is applied to study their thermal decomposition characteristic. The results show that the composite particles coated with Cu of 80 nm in diameter have obvious catalysis effect on solid phase decomposition of HMX. The percentage of the prophase decomposition heat increases from 2.37% to 97.29%. On the other hand, the thermal decomposition peak moves to the low temperature of 35.53 ℃ and the rate slows down. Especially, the thermal decomposition of HMX/Cu become to be very intense at the heating rate of 15 ℃/min. Compared with HMX, the apparent activation energy of HMX/Cu is decreased by 33.16 kJ/mol. It is advantageous to the thermal decomposition of nano HMX/Cu through adding a moderate amount of O₂. Moreover, “Effect of spatial distribution” of catalyst is presented based on the analysis of nanometer Cu catalyst mechanism.

Key words: ordnance science and technology, electroless plating, loaded catalyst, nanometer Cu, thermal decomposition, catalysis action

中图分类号:

TJ55

熊烺录，郭效德，李凤生. 化学镀法制备HMX/Cu复合粒子及其热分解特性的研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2014, 35(1): 35-41.

XIONG Lang-lu，GUO Xiao-de， LI Feng-sheng. Preparation of HMX/Cu Composite Particles by Electroless Plating Method and their Thermal Decomposition Characteristics[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2014, 35(1): 35-41.

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