埋头弹复合药筒抽壳闭气性能分析与改进设计

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2024.0555

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对埋头弹药的闭气和抽壳问题,设计复合药筒方案,并对方案的闭气性能进行分析。分析结果表明:在最大380MPa膛压下,药筒底座与筒体和闩体之间闭气性能良好,但端盖与身管之间闭气性较差,且筒体前端塑性变形较大,易出现抽壳后筒体破损。在此基础上,提出复合药筒改进方案,并与改进前方案进行对比分析。对比结果表明:端盖与身管之间有效接触面积增大,闭气效果明显改善,且筒体前端塑性变形明显变小,局部破损情况得到明显改善,膛压卸载后端盖与底座均与药室脱离,可实现几乎零抽壳力。

关键词: 埋头弹, 复合药筒, 零抽壳力, 闭气性能

Abstract:

For the cartridge extracting and sealing of cased telescoped ammunitions, a structural concept of composite cartridge is designed, and the performance of cartridge extracting and sealing is analyzed. The results show that the performance of cartridge sealing among the cartridge base, cartridge cylinder and breechblock is good under a maximum chamber pressure of 380MPa. But the performance of cartridge sealing between the end cap of the cartridge and the barrel is weak, and the plastic deformation of the front end of the cartridge cylinder is larger, which may result in the damage to cartridge cylinder after extracting. Based above, an improved structural scheme of the composite cartridge is put forward and compared with the former scheme. The results show that the effective contact area between the end cap and the barrel can be increased to improve significantly the performance of cartridge sealing. The plastic deformation of the front end of cartridge cylinder is significantly reduced, and the local damage condition is significantly improved. The end cap of cartridge and the cartridge base are both separated from the chamber after the chamber pressure unloading, which can lead to the result of almost zero extraction force.

Key words: cased telescoped ammunition, composite cartridge, zero shell pulling force, airtight performance

中图分类号:

TJ410.3

王宏金, 宁变芳, 张国平, 张世明. 埋头弹复合药筒抽壳闭气性能分析与改进设计[J]. 兵工学报, 2024, 45(S1): 112-119.

WANG Hongjin, NING Bianfang, ZHANG Guoping, ZHANG Shiming. Performance Analysis and Improved Design of Cartridge Extracting and Sealing of Cased Telescoped Ammunitions[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(S1): 112-119.

图/表 20

图1 几何模型

Fig.1 Geometric model

图2 网格单元

Fig.2 Grid cells

表1 材料参数

Table 1 Material parameters

部件	密度/ (kg·m^-3)	弹性模量/MPa	泊松比	屈服极限/MPa
身管、端盖、底座、闩体	7850	2.06×10⁵	0.3	1180
药室	7850	2.06×10⁵	0.3	1370

图3 筒体拉伸应力-应变曲线

Fig.3 Tensile stress-strain curve of cartridge cylinder

图4 2种膛压载荷历程曲线

Fig.4 Loading curves of two chamber pressures

图5 药筒设计初方案

Fig.5 Preliminary design of cartridge

图6 典型时刻的合变形

Fig.6 Combined deformations at typical moments

图7 典型时刻的应力

Fig.7 Stresses at typical moments

图8 端盖与身管及底座与闩体的接触压力(仅显示大于膛压的部分)

Fig.8 Contact pressures of the end cap and the barrel,and the cartridge base and the breechblock (only the pressures greater than the chamber pressureare shown)

图9 端盖与身管间接触点的压力随时间变化曲线

Fig.9 Pressure-time curve at the contacting point between end cap and barrel

图10 底座与闩体间接触点的压力随时间变化曲线

Fig.10 Pressure-time curve at the contacting point between cartridge base and breechblock

图11 药筒改进方案

Fig.11 The improved scheme of cartridge

图12 端盖改进前后方案

Fig.12 The structural schemes of end cap before and after improvement

图13 典型时刻的合变形

Fig.13 Combined deformations at typical moments

图14 典型时刻的应力

Fig.14 Stresses at typical moments

图15 端盖与身管间接触点的压力随时间变化曲线

Fig.15 Pressure-time curve at the contacting point between end cap and barrel

图16 底座与闩体间接触点的压力随时间变化曲线

Fig.16 Pressure-time curve at the contacting point between cartridge base and breechblock

图17 端盖改进前后有效接触面积对比

Fig.17 Comparison of effective contact areas of end cap before and after improvement

图18 改进前后塑料药筒前端残余变形(450MPa膛压下)

Fig.18 Residual deformation of front end of plastic cartridge before and after improvement (under chamber pressure of 450MPa)

图19 药筒端盖和底座与药室径向接触力曲线

Fig.19 Radial contact force curves among the end cap, the cartridge base and the chamber

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