基于多层间隔靶试验的含能复合射流毁伤行为

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2024.0086

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究含能复合罩聚能装药对目标的毁伤增强效应及作用机制,开展含能复合罩聚能装药作用多层间隔靶侵爆联合毁伤行为研究。采用试验、数值模拟和理论分析相结合的方法,对含能复合射流侵彻多层间隔靶的毁伤行为及作用机理进行探究。试验结果表明:含能复合射流可有效毁伤8mm 厚钢靶和10mm厚铝板构成的多层间隔靶,在1.0~1.5 CD炸高范围内,可穿透7~9层靶板;在2.0~2.7 CD侵彻深度范围内,对8mm钢靶造成花瓣状卷边破坏和大开孔毁伤的程度最大,钢靶的最大破坏区域直径为2.5 CD。仿真和理论计算结果表明:爆轰波压垮作用、药型罩材料及结构和侵彻过程共同决定了含能复合射流的释能特性;不同位置靶板的变形能变化与活性材料激活质量的位置分布基本一致;复合射流头部的金属射流优先作用于靶板侵彻开孔,可避免大量活性材料在侵彻前期的消耗,将大部分活性材料随进到目标内部,充分利用活性材料的反应释能,通过侵-爆联合作用实现目标内毁伤增强效应;通过射流作用条件调控,实现活性材料在目标内毁伤增强的按需控制,在2.3~3.0 CD深度范围内活性材料释能量最大,达到最佳毁伤效果。

关键词: 含能复合射流, 释能位置, 毁伤效应, 多层间隔靶

Abstract:

To study the behind-target damage enhancement effects and mechanism of the reactive material double-layered liner (RM-DLL) shaped charge penetrating into the target plates,the penetration and deflagration behaviors of composite jet impacting a multi-layer spaced target are studied.The damage behaviors and mechanism of the reactive composite jet against multi-spaced target plates are investigated through experiment,numerical simulation and theoretical analysis.The experimental results show that the reactive composite jet can effectively damage the multi-layer spaced target composed of 8 mm thick steel targets and 10 mm thick aluminum plates.it can penetrate into 7-9 layers of target plates within the standoff range of 1.0-1.5 CD.The petal shaped edge damage and large opening damage of 8 mm steel targets are the most serious within the penetration depth range of 2.0-2.7 CD.The maximum damage area diameter of the steel target is 2.5 CD.At a penetration depth of 1-4 CD,it causes a petal shaped edge damage and large openings on 8 mm steel plates,with a maximum opening diameter of 2.5 CD.The simulated and calculated results indicate that the collapse effect of detonation waves,the material and structure of liner,and the penetration process determine the energy release behavior of reactive composite jet.The deformation energy changes of target plates at different positions are basically consistent with the distribution of reactivation mass of reactive materials.The metal jet of the composite jet head penetrates on the target plate in advance,which can avoid wasting a large amount of energetic materials in the early stage of penetration.Most of the reactive materials are brought into the interior of the target,fully utilizing the reaction energy release of the reactive materials,and achieving the enhanced damage effect inside the target through the combined action of penetration and deflagration.By adjusting the action conditions of jet,it is possible to control the position of reactive materials to enhance target damage as needed.The maximum energy release of ractive materials is achieved within the depth range of 2.3~3.0 CD,achieving the best damage effect.

Key words: reactive composite jet, energy release position, damage effect, spaced target

中图分类号:

TJ410.3

王在成, 彭芋程, 姜春兰, 胡榕. 基于多层间隔靶试验的含能复合射流毁伤行为[J]. 兵工学报, 2025, 46(2): 240086-.

WANG Zaicheng, PENG Yucheng, JIANG Chunlan, HU Rong. Study on the Damage Behavior of Reactive Composite Jet Based on Multi-layer Spaced Target Experiment[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2025, 46(2): 240086-.

图/表 20

图1 含能复合聚能装药结构示意图

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of RM-DLL shaped charge

图2 含能复合罩聚能装药作用间隔靶试验布置图

Fig.2 Setup diagram of RM-DLL shaped charge penetrating the multi-spaced plates

图3 不同炸高条件下间隔靶毁伤情况

Fig.3 Damage situations of spaced targets at different standoffs

表1 不同炸高下钢靶的毁伤形貌

Table 1 Damage appearances of steel plate at different standoffs

编号	G1	G2	G3	G4	G5	G6	G7
1号
2号
3号
4号

表2 不同炸高下鉴证靶和铝靶的毁伤形貌

Table 2 Damage appearances of validating target plate and aluminum plate at different standoffs

编号	A2	A3
1号	未毁伤	未毁伤
2号	未毁伤	未毁伤
3号
4号

图4 间隔靶开孔面积计算方法

Fig.4 Calculating method for hole area on spaced target

图5 不同炸高下靶板开孔面积及熏黑程度

Fig.5 Hole areas and degrees of blackening of target plates at different standoffs

图6 含能复合射流侵彻间隔靶数值模拟计算模型

Fig.6 Numerical simulation model for reactive composite jet penetrating multi-layer spaced target

图7 复合射流成型过程温度分布

Fig.7 Temperature distribution during forming process of composite jet

图8 1.0 CD侵彻过程及激活状态

Fig.8 Penetration process and reactivation status at 1.0 CD standoff

图9 靶板典型毁伤效果及毁伤过程

Fig.9 Typical damage effects and damage process of target plates

图10 1.5 CD侵彻过程及激活状态

Fig.10 Penetration process and reactivation status at 1.5 CD standoff

图11 不同靶板两侧活性材料激活质量

Fig.11 Reactivation quality of reactive materials on both sides of different target plates

图12 靶板开裂前变形示意图

Fig.12 Schematic diagram of target plate deformation before cracking

图13 靶板裂纹扩展示意图

Fig.13 Schematic diagram of crack propagation on target plate

表3 相关材料参数

Table 3 Related material parameters

钢靶参数				鉴证靶参数
φ	θ	σ₀/ MPa	G_c/ (J·cm^-2)	φ	θ	σ₀/ MPa	G_c/ (J·cm^-2)
$13$ π	$23$ π	780	115	$13$ π	π	650	60

表3 相关材料参数

Table 3 Related material parameters

钢靶参数				鉴证靶参数
φ	θ	σ₀/ MPa	G_c/ (J·cm^-2)	φ	θ	σ₀/ MPa	G_c/ (J·cm^-2)
$13$ π	$23$ π	780	115	$13$ π	π	650	60

表4 钢靶变形能计算参数及结果

Table 4 Calculation parameters and results of steel targets deformation energy

编号	1.0 CD				1.5 CD
编号	n/个	R_a/mm	R_b/mm	E/kJ	n/个	R_a/mm	R_b/mm	E/kJ
G3	7	20	105	53.89	5	19	125	76.95
G4	7	18	142	104.77	6	18	180	166.75
G5	4	14	185	180.95	4	14	130	89.24
G6	2	14	26	2.52	0	14	15	0.13
G7	0	14	20	0.93	0	14	30	3.17

表5 鉴证靶变形能计算参数及结果

Table 5 Calculation parameters and results of validating target plates deformation energy

编号	1.0 CD				1.5 CD
编号	n/个	R_a/mm	R_b/mm	E/kJ	n/个	R_a/mm	R_b/mm	E/kJ
R1	10	26	207	40.17	10	32	290	78.70
R2	8	20	270	73.47	11	18	302	95.37
R3	10	17	280	81.66	9	18	217	47.84
R4	7	15	117	12.26	7	16	77	5.31

图14 不同炸高下靶板变形能

Fig.14 Deformation energy of target plate at different standoff

图15 不同位置处理论释能和靶板变形能

Fig.15 Theoretical energy releases and deformation energies of target plates at different positions

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