基于区间不确定性参数辨识的某软后坐火炮发射过程建模

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2021.0885

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

火炮软后坐发射技术是降低火炮发射后坐力的重要途径。为研究影响软后坐火炮的工作特性,以某软后坐火炮为研究对象,提出一种新型中心流口与变深度筒壁沟槽结合的多流口制退机结构,并通过CFD流体仿真,建立结合流量分配特性的制退机的伯努利方程,提高了制退机的模型精度。以此为基础,又根据区间不确定性理论与遗传算法,以一发实测数据对该软后坐火炮的典型参数进行不确定性参数辨识,建立软后坐火炮发射过程的不确定性参数辨识模型。采用辨识结果的仿真结果与试验数据的相似度可达92.78%。另外,通过第2、第3发试验的对比验证,对应的仿真结果与发射试验结果相似。综合辨识与验证结果来看,结果较好地反映了两种试验工况下的发射过程,表明了建模准确,辨识结果有效,为软后坐火炮系统的设计提供理论指导。

关键词: 软后坐火炮, 反后坐装置, 不确定性, 区间可能度

Abstract:

The soft recoil firing technology is a significant way to reduce the recoil force of a gun. A new multi-port recoil mechanism with a central port and variable-depth wall grooves is proposed to investigate the firing characteristics of a soft recoil gun. The flow distribution Bernoulli equation is established with CFD simulation to improve the model accuracy. On this basis, the interval uncertainty theory and genetic algorithm are applied to build the parameter identification model of the firing process. The typical parameters of the soft recoil gun are identified and obtained with the test data of the first round. The similarity rate between the simulation and test data can reach up to 92.78%. Moreover, the corresponding simulation results match the test data through the second and the third round. It is proved that the correct modeling and effective identification results provide theoretical guidance for the design of a soft recoil gun.

Key words: soft recoil gun, recoil mechanism, uncertainty, interval possibility

郭书奇, 侯保林. 基于区间不确定性参数辨识的某软后坐火炮发射过程建模[J]. 兵工学报, 2023, 44(4): 1107-1117.

GUO Shuqi, HOU Baolin. Firing Process Modeling of a Soft Recoil Gun Based on Interval Uncertainty Parameter Identification[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(4): 1107-1117.

图/表 18

图1 软后坐火炮结构简图

Fig.1 Structure diagram of a soft recoil gun

图2 前冲机结构简图

Fig.2 Structure diagram of preshooting mechanism

图3 制退机结构简图

Fig.3 Structure diagram of recoil mechanism

图4 制退机液体流动示意图

Fig.4 Diagram of liquid flows in recoil mechanism

图5 Fluent软件动网格划分

Fig.5 Fluent dynamic meshing

图6 制退机前冲阻力

Fig.6 Set-forward resistance of recoil mechanism

图7 液体通道流量比仿真结果

Fig.7 Simulation results of liquid flow ratio

图8 制退机力流体仿真结果

Fig.8 Simulation results of recoil mechanism force

图9 炮膛合力曲线

Fig.9 Bore resultant force curve

图10 软后坐火炮射击试验

Fig.10 Soft recoil gun test

图11 发射试验测试数据

Fig.11 Test data of firing

图12 第1发软后坐射击速度

Fig.12 Firing speed curve of the first round

表1 参数辨识初始区间

Table 1 Initial intervals of parameter identification

参数	初始区间	参数	初始区间
C	[1.5,3.0]	α	[-0.06,0.04]
K_b	[1.5,3]	μ	[0.5,0.9]
K_c	[1.5,3]	n	[1.10,1.45]
γ₁/mm^-2	[1000,3000]	X_f/m	[0.243,0.320]
γ₂/mm^-2	[1000,3000]	K_f	[1,2]

表2 第1发射击第1类参数辨识结果

Table 2 Category 1 parameter identification results of the first round firing

第1类参数	辨识结果	S_g
n	1.3940	[0.5826,0.9363]

表3 第1发射击第2类参数辨识结果

Table 3 Category 2 parameter identification results of the first round firing

第2类参数	结果区间	最适值
γ₁/mm^-2	[1434.4,1437.3]	1436.1
γ₂/mm^-2	[1888.4,1893.2]	1890.6
C	[2.5846,2.6037]	2.5924
K_b	[1.9752,2.0221]	2.0010
K_c	[2.0479,2.1532]	2.0937
α	[0.0394,0.0399]	0.0397
K_f	[1.2989,1.3042]	1.3011
μ	[0.6092, 0.6967]	0.6534
x_f/m	[0.278,0.2814]	0.2809
S_v	[0.9537,0.9737]	0.9737
S_x	[0.9728,0.9849]	0.9849
S_g	[0.9278,0.9583]	0.9583

图13 沟槽液压阻力系数Ka

Fig.13 Hydraulic resistance coefficient Ka of grooves

图14 第1发辨识最适值仿真与试验数据对比

Fig.14 Comparison between test data and optimal identification value simulation results of the first round

图15 第2和第3发辨识最适值仿真与试验数据对比

Fig.15 Comparison between test data and optimal identification value simulation results of the second and third round

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