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Table of Content

    28 February 2005, Volume 26 Issue 1
    Paper
    Modeling and Simulation of Semi-active Suspension Systems of Tracked Vehicle
    GUAN Ji-fu, GU Liang , HOU Chao-zhen,WANG Guo-Ii
    2005, 26(1):  1-5.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.01.001
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    A half of tracked vehicle semi-active suspension ride model with 8 degrees of freedom was estab?lished. In the process of modeling, the augmented conversion is used to delete the road-input differential items in the states space equations in order to develop the standard formulation of the states equations. The model characteristics such as the amplitude-frequency, the power spectral density and the impulse response are not only plotted by simulation but also compared with the data of field testing or theoretical calculations. The modeling of tracked vehicle ride system is proved correct through the above work. The model controlla-bility is verified by comparing the acceleration responses of the driver’s seat between passive suspension and semi-active suspension with a given mimic typical road-input in the time domain.
    Finite Element Calculation of the Temperature Field for Tank Gun Barrel
    LUO Lai-ke,XUAN Yi-min, HAN Yu-ge
    2005, 26(1):  6-9.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.01.002
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    Simulation of temperature fields for tank guns has great significance. A simalified model of tem_ perature distribution for a tank gun barrel under the radiation, convection and shooting conditions was formed. Temperature neias under raaiation alone and shooting coupled with radiation were calculated. The thermal — time curves on the radial and the axial direction were given. Variations of the outer surface tem?perature of the gun barrel were discussed. Compared with the experimental values, the results from this model are satisfactory on the whole. The results are important for studies of tank infrared thermal image, infrared identification, infrared stealth as well as firing revision.
    Modeling, Control and Simulation of the Mover for a Tracked Vehicle with Electric Transmission System
    ZHANG Yu-nan, GE Yun-shan, YAN Nan-ming,XIE Yong-hai
    2005, 26(1):  10-14.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.01.003
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    The mover(diesel)-generator is the vital part in an electric transmission system, upon which an all-electric combat vehicle(AECV) is based. Proper modeling for the diesel and its control are the critical is?sues. In the paper, the diesel is identified by a RBF for modeling, and it is controlled by fuzzy controller a- Iong a combined locus of power versus the engine speed, simulation results are finally shown and analyzed. The control mode and conclusions are meaningful in the design of electric transmission systems and AECV.
    Studies on Fractal Features of Sea Clutter of Fuze
    XIONG Gang, ZHAO Hui-chang, ZHANG Shu-ning
    2005, 26(1):  15-19.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.01.004
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    Based on the observed data oi the oceanic backscattering of fuse(UBF) , for the first time, the fractal characteristics of fuze including statistical characteristic,self-similarity, scale-invariant fractal di?mension and multi-fractal were investigated. Experimental results indicate that the OBF have the properties of fractal. Compared with radar oceanic backscattering, the OBF posesses Higher fractal dimension, less range of dimension variety, higher SNR of restruction, and the fractal theory can be applied to OBF. The conclusion is vital to the fractal models of clutter, restraining of tlie oceanic clutter and fuze anti-jamming.
    Performance Analysis Concering Antinoise for Several Pseudo- random Code Fuzes
    LIU Ji-bin, ZHAO Hui-chang, LU Jian-wei
    2005, 26(1):  20-24.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.01.005
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    The principle of three kinds of pseudo-random code fuzes, viz. thepseudo-random code phase modulation fuze, the pseudo-random code phase modulation and pulse amplitude modulation combined fuze, and the pseudo-random code phase modulation and pseudo-random puise position modulation combined, fuze- were introduced in brief. On tnis basis, their SNR gains in signal processing from the backward of band pass filter to the forward of the correlation detection, and the overall SNR gains of the wnole procedure af?ter correlation detection were deduced in detail. The results show that the latter two kinds of fuzes have the same performance concerning antinoise and are stronger than that of the pseudo-random code phase modula?tion fuze.
    A Study on the Algorithm for the Analysis of Pulse-peak Time Sequence to Counter-infrared-decoys
    GUO Xin-jun,JIN Wei-qi, WANG Xia, GUO Hong
    2005, 26(1):  25-29.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.01.006
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    In order to counteract new varieties of infrared decoys such as the flying-decoy and dragged de?coy, a method to analyze the pulse-peak time sequence was given. Validity of the algorithm is proved by calculating examples. The amount of calculation and required size of memory were estimated. It shows that the algorithm can be realized with the use of DSP,and that it is the practical meaning to improve the ability of cross shaped detector arrays in counteracting new infrared decoys.
    Theoretical Derivation and Experimental Analysis for Compensation in Wave-front Distortion
    ZHANG Hong-tao, YIN Fu-chang
    2005, 26(1):  30-36.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.01.007
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    Wave-front distortion compensation using system performance metric optimization was explored theoretically and experimentally. In the experiments, a very large scale integration(VLSI) system imple?menting simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation optimization algorithm is applied for the real?time adaptive control of multi-element wave-front correctors. Two laser beam focusing systems are used, the one with a 127_element liquid-crystal phase modulator and the other with a beam steering mirror and 37-control channcl micro-machined deformable mirrors. The sub-millisecond response time of the de?formable mirror and the paralleled nature of the analog V LSI control architecture provide the high-speed adaptive compensation of dynamical phase aberration of the laser beam under conditions of strong intensity scintillations. Experimental results demonstrate the improvement of laser beam quality at the receiver plane.
    Application of M-sequence in Laser Range Measuring Radar
    HOU Jian-gang, TAO Ran, SHAN Tao,QI Lin
    2005, 26(1):  37-41.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.01.008
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    For the problem of weak signal detection in range measuring laser radar, a new method using m- sequence is proposed in this paper. The scheme of the radar signal process system based on high speed DSP is presented also. Using the excellent correlation property of m-sequence, correlative detection and accumu?lation algorithms, this method can effectively improve the performance of the laser radar. A technique named 3-point interpolation is proposed to enhance the range accuracy further. Finally, experimental results are provided to show validity of the method.
    Digitalization in Open Loop Detection System for Fiber Optic Gyroscopes
    ZHANG Deng-wei, SHU Xiaowu, MOU Xu-dong, LIU Cheng
    2005, 26(1):  42-45.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.01.009
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    A digital system that receives and processes the open loop signal of fiber optic gyroscopes was de?veloped. GPIB bus connects with USB universal bus through the system to realize the human-machine ami?ty interfacing. All the interfacing function of the GPIB bus is realized through CPLD. With a digital sam?pling and processing system designed by VC++,real time controlling procedure,high-speed receiving and sending data can be carried out under a Windows platform, and the results can be displayed. The design of the system is made agile, and the reliability and stability are improved, the error rate is reduced, the effi?ciency is brought up. Open loop detection system for the fiber optic gyroscope will eventually realize stan?dardization and complete digitalization.
    Method of Calculation for the Penetration of a Flat-nosed Projectile in the Rock(CONCRETE)
    WAND Ming-yang, CHEN Shi-Lin, PAN Yue-feng
    2005, 26(1):  46-52.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.01.010
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    Rigid-perfectly plastic model in incompressible medium was used in this paper. By setting up kinematically admissible velocity field, static resistance of medium to projectile was analyzed with upper- bound theorem of limit analysis. Kinematical resistance of medium to projectile is considered in terms of the law of conservation of momentum. Dimensional effect of the structure and the shape of projectile are also considered. Through adopting incremental calculation about the equation of projectile’s motion,the veloci?ty, acceleration,resistance and time in the process of penetration were obtained. By comparison of the result of calculation with empirical formulas, the reliability and practicality of the method are proved.

    Simulation and Analysis of the, Launching Dynamics of Automobile Carried Howitzer
    GUAN Hong-gen, YUAN Ren-shu, GAO Shu-zi, MI Liang-chuan
    2005, 26(1):  53-55.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.01.011
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    The paper adopts the I-DEAS software platform in establishing a model for the 122mm automobile carried howitzer, and acquires a sequence of dynamic structure parameters. The launching dynamics model based on Kane’s equation and computer algebraic computation method with 9 degrees of freedom was pre?sented .Dynamic imitation for the overall structure was made. Modeling theory and numerical method were probed for the loading and dynamic responses of the multibody system. Stability of firing howitzer was dis?cussed, and can be of reference in howitzer’s system design.
    Design and Analysis in Finalizing the Design Test schemes of Deferred Time for Shrapnels
    SHAN Yong-hai, FAN Qi-sheng
    2005, 26(1):  56-59.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.01.012
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    In order to shorten the test cycle and reduce the test spending, schemes of deferred time have been used in finalizing the design, aiming at questions existing in actual military standards on shrapnels, us?ing the theory of symmetrical design, and have obtained optimum design schemes much reducing the use of test ammunitions. Mathematical models were set up for the deferred time changing with temperature and pressure. It has been proved by experiments that the models have a precision of 99% in forecasting the test results.
    Analysis on Adabiatic Shear Band Characteristic and Cause of Formation in Process of Penetration in Armor
    LI Jin-quan, HUANG De-wu, DUAN Zhan-qiang, LI Shou-xin
    2005, 26(1):  60-63.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.01.013
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    Characteristics and causes of formation of adiabatic shear bands in 30CrMnMo armor steel plate are analyzed. It is shown that the adiabatic shear bands don,t occur in the initial stage of launching and plugging. They occur in the stable penetrating stage because of enough strain. The adiabatic shear bands distnouting sparsely make an angle of about 45° with penetrating direction. The critical shearing strain forming the adiabatic shear bands is about 0.47 and the critical temperature is about 391℃? Non-homoge- nous deformation and centralizing of stress and strain in the adiabatic shear bands will cause micro-crack and micro-pores during cooling of the plate.
    An Algorithm for the Combat Effectiveness Standardization of Ground Weapons
    JI Baolin, LIU Yi-xin, WANG Xi-xing, LI Xing-zhi
    2005, 26(1):  64-67.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.01.014
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    Since Duppy T N established his military exponential model, the standard value for weapon combat effec?tiveness has been widely applied in weapon development argument, combat simulation, tactics research and war pre?diction. The paper gave method for the ground weapon combat effectiveness standardization and calculated standard values of ground weapons from 7 countries enclosing 345 types and 12 catalogues, as a proposal to united standard?ization.
    A Model for Lanchester-equation's Parameters
    WANG Jing-ming, YIN Pei-jiang, QI Jian-wen
    2005, 26(1):  68-71.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.01.015
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    By establishing the difference-equation and analyzing the relationship between the force-intensity, as well as the density, average firing rate of guns, the probability of detection of location by the enemy, the degree of threatening etc.,the calculation-model ot Lanchester-equation’s parameters was established together with the accu?racy of the model. Examples of calculation were given.
    Damage Tree Model Based Battlefield Damage Assessment
    WANG Run-sheng, JlA Xi-sheng
    2005, 26(1):  72-76.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.01.016
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    Artificial intelligence technology is applied in the precise and rapid battlefield damage assessment. The primary problem is to achieve knowledge in battlefield damage assessment and represent it with proper methods. On the basis of the structural tree of a gun and the damage data analyzed by damage modes and effect analysis, the paper set up the equipment system damage tree, on which correlative assessment knowl?edge is achieved. The knowledge is represented with the object-oriented method and organized with frames based on the damage tree model. A knowledge base is built up on this organization in which each kind of knowledge is packaged in a frame and all frames are independent. It can be maintained and extended easily, and the reasoning efficiency can be improved, so the requirements on assessment are satisfied. The effective reasoning strategy is finally set up.
    Fabrication and Drive Characteristics of Piezoelectric Ceramic Micro-actuator for Hard Disk Drives
    JING Yang, LUO Jian-bin, YANG Wen-yan
    2005, 26(1):  77-81.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.01.017
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    A new piezoelectric ceramic micro-actuator for high-density hard disk drives is proposed and devel?oped. The device is characterized by a sintered PZT ceramic and fabricated by reactive ion etching process?es. Reliability against temperature and structure is investigated to ensure the practical application of the drive product. A stainless steel (SUS304) cantilever beam attached to each side with PZT plates in between is simulated by finite element method in order to testify its driving mechanics of it. Test results reveal that an applied voltage of ± 30 V is sufficient to obtain a 0. 93 μm tip displacement and a high-resonance fre?quency of over 20. 425 kHz, yielding the required servo bandwidth (13 kHz) of more than several kHz. The new piezoelectric ceramic micro-actuators possess a useful compromise performance in their displace?ment, resonance frequency and generative force.
    The Investigation and Application of Combined Perforating Technology in Daqing Oil Field
    AN Feng-chun, YANG Yu-ling
    2005, 26(1):  82-85.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.01.018
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    The investigation of the combined perforating technology in Daqing oil field was introduced in this paper, including the manufacture of the combined perforating equipment, the principle of choosing wells and layers and desiring method,and the applicationg results of the technology in recent years were summa?rized.
    An Algorithm for Image Reparation Based on Interpolation
    FAN Hong-Ii, JIAO Yong-he, CHENG Ying
    2005, 26(1):  86-89.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.01.019
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    By analyzing the reasons and characteristics of image data loss and referring to traditional methods oi image reparation, a new column by column method of repairing images was put forward. A new algo?rithm of image reparation through insertion of data was designed. The algorithm meets the demands of reparation. Conditions adaptable to the algorithm are found by tests.
    Improvements in the Synthesis of Polyaryloxyphosphazene
    LIU Ya-qing, ZHAO Gui-zhe, ZHU Fu-tian
    2005, 26(1):  90-93.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.01.020
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    Taking advantage of the difference between hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene and hexachlorocy- clotetraphosphazene in the condition of ring-expansion polymerization, the solution polymerization in prepar?ing polyphosphazene from chlorophophazene of r-trimer and r-tetramer was investigated. The once-through conversion of r-trimer reaches about 60 %,while the total conversion approaches 100 % ? In order to get pol- yaryloxyphosphazene, polyphosphazene’s side chlorines are directly substituted by aryloxy of phenol using triethylamine as the bind acid agent. The structure of this polymer is determined by IR spectra. The molec?ular weignt of the polymer is estimated by GPC ?
    All-purpose Simulative Training System for Radars
    ZHU Yuan-chang, DI Yan-qiang
    2005, 26(1):  94-99.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.01.021
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    Aimed at some problems in all-purpose radar simulative training system, such as absence of unified developing standard, equipment-oriented development, lower resources reusability and instable quality, etc.,a soluting was put forward in this paper, in which a developing platform with a kernel of core re?source and supporting tools was built according to Product-Line Software Engineering(PLSE),and it real?izes systematical and politic reuse mechanism. First of all, the universal framework of the system architec- true of the simulative training system was established using Feature Oriented Domain Analyzing (FODA) method, which characterizes full-task, distributed and virtual system. Secondly, the core resource consist?ing of distributed simulation module, human-machine interaction module and virtual equipment compo?nents, etc.,and a set of tools were developed to form an all-purpose radar simulative training system’s de?veloping platform. And a developing process model was built based on the platform. In the end, a full-task smulative training system developed on the platform for a radar was introduced briefly. Primary practices show that the platform can support simulative training system development for different radars,increase de?veloping efiiciency and guarantee system’s quality.
    Acoustic Passive Location with Two Arrays Based on Data Fusion
    CAI Zong-yi, ZHAG Jun-wei, XU Xue-zhong,CHEN Hua-wei, YANG Fang, DONG Ming-rong
    2005, 26(1):  100-104.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.01.022
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    Passive location is an important aspect in acoustical surveillance. In order to locate low altitude targets, the method of acoustic passive location with two arrays based on data fusion was presented. By ex?ploiting signal coherence between arrays, the method involves bearing estimation at the individual array and time-delay estimation between two arrays performing nearly as well as the optimum scheme that jointly pro?cesses the data from all sensors. The algorithm and its performance were also studied by theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Simulation results show that the location performance of the method is superior to others. The method can be used in locating targets being in the air, on the ground and having multiple arrays.
    Short Papers
    An Edge Detector for Inside Flaws in Tubes
    LIU Li-xin, WANG Wen-sheng, LIU Guang-Ii
    2005, 26(1):  105-107.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.01.023
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    This paper introduced the basic concepts of a zero-crossing edge-detection operator. Combinimg the Gauss smooth Fliter with the Laplace lancet window, noises, were smoothed out and the edges were de?tected. Further, an edge detector for the inside flaws was presented. Comparing the results using zero- crossing edge-detection with results using the Sobel operator edge-detection or the Roberts operator from experiments on the inside flaws in tubes, the zero-crossing edge-detection operator shows more edge-details. The results show that zero-crossing edge detection is simpler, more intuitionistic, faster in calculation, more precise in edge locating and easily implemented.
    Application of Interval PID Theorem in the Design of Guidance Bomb Flight Control System
    LI Yin-ya, SHENG An-dong, GUO Zhi
    2005, 26(1):  108-112.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.01.024
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    An approach on the design of PID controllers for a flight control system was presented. The method is based on the theorem oi interval polynomials and the design of PID controllers for interval plants. The time domain performance specifications and the stability index are incorporated into the design of the PID controllers. All the stabilizing PID controllers are first calculated. Then the intersection region whichachieves the time domain performance specifications is computed. Only one group of PID controllers needs designing in the flight control system. The proposed controllers have a strong adaptive characteristic to varying parameters without switching controllers compared with the additional method. Theoretical analysis and simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed controllers.
    Modeling and simulation of Digital Scene Image Synthesis
    XIAO Liang, WU Hui-zhong, LIU Yang, TANG Shu-chun.
    2005, 26(1):  113-117.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.01.025
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    Most factors affecting aviation imaging of natural environment and cultural characteristics was an?alyzed. Mathematical model of digital scene image synthesis was established according to the essential prin?ciples of atmosphere transporting and a design framework for the simulation system was proposed. Aviation imaging mechanism oriented to image intensified CCD camera was studied and an aviation imaging simula?tion system was developed using the computing kernel of LOWTRAN-7. Using digital elevation map (DEM),geometry model with material and weather information, the system can simulate the imaging pro?cess dynamically and various digital scene images can be generated under different weather conditions.
    Design and Manufacturing Method for Cam of Grinding Wavelike Rake Face of Cutter for Hardened Gear Cutting
    LI Zhan-guo, WANG Tong-yu, SHI Guoquan, Pang Si-qin
    2005, 26(1):  118-120.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.01.026
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    Hardened gear pinion-type cutter with cone bade wavelike rake face is a new profiling cutter. The rake face is non-circular curved surface. Based on theoretical outline equations of cams to form the rake face, the outline is simulated using least square arc fitting, and its workability test is conducted also. Their results show that the cutter,s machining accruacy approaches to the criterion of AA level.
    Comprehensive Reviews
    Progress in the Application 0f Nano Aluminum Powder in Solid Propellants
    LI Ying, SONG Wu-Iin, XIE Chang-sheng,WANG Ai-hua, ZENG Da-wen
    2005, 26(1):  121-125.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.01.027
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    Fabrication of metal nano powders was introduced, and their function as well as the mechanism of action of nano aluminum powders in solid propellants was summarized. Notable effects of nano aluminum when used in solid propellants, such as more efficient combustion, prevention from agglomeration, increase in propellant’s burning rate etc were described. Furthermore, problems in the application of nano alu?minum and corresponding measures were also discussed.
    Experimental Techniques and Analysis
    Influence of Particle Size and Gradation of RDX on the Shock Sensitivity of a Polymer Bonded Explosive
    LIU Yu-cun, WANG Zuoshan, Lü Chun-lin ,WANG Jian-hua
    2005, 26(1):  126-128.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.01.028
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    The influence of particle size and gradation of RDX particles on the shock sensitivity of a polymer bonded explosive RDX/F2641 (95 /5) with different dencities was experimentally investigated by small scale gap tests, In this study, the particle size of RDX is changed from Iμm to 150 μm, densities of the compos?ite formulation are 80% , 90% and 95 % TMD. Generally, shock sensitivity decreases with the increase of mean particle size of RDX, but the tendency of influence in different dencities are different. The results mainly represent the effect of particle size of explosive on the hot spot ignition under test conditions.
    An Experimental Study on the Electro Chemical Machining of Microeiectrodes
    ZHANG Liao-yuan, LIU Yao
    2005, 26(1):  129-132.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.01.029
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    The paper put forward a new method in the macnming of microelectrodes by electro chemical ma?chining and applying elastoplastic deformation. It nas been proved that the method can be applied in ma?chining Cu and determining the optimum machining parameters. The process begins by machining the mi?croelectrode with ECM at first, then changing the ECM machining parameters. In the mean time one of the microelectrode ends is pulled with a load, and elastoplastic deformations are produced in the microelec?trode and the desired size is reached.
    Eeperimental Study on the Cutting 0f Steel and Concrete with the Pre-mixed Abrasive Jet
    YANG Qing-wen, WANG Xiao-min
    2005, 26(1):  133-135.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.01.030
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    This paper discussed factors that affect the cutting of materials with pre-mixed abrasive jet (PRE- MAJet),and relationships between the parameters and the results of cutting. Based on experiments, mean?ingful results have been derived that reveal the relationships between PREMAJet parameters and the cutting depth and width of steel plate and concrete. The results show that when cutting steel plate and concrete with the PREMAJet, the effects of parameters appear to have little difference, affecting only in degrees. The study is of help in cutting brittle and ductile materials with PREJVLAJet.
    Experimental Study on the Output Characteristics of Giant Magnetostrictive Actuator
    LI Guo-ping, CHEN Zi-chen
    2005, 26(1):  136-139.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.01.031
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    Structure of a giant magnetostrictive actuator and the design oi its magnetic circuit were investi?gated in this paper, and an actuator was developed applying domestic magnetostrictive materials in the de?sign. The actuator’s output characteristics in the transient and stable states were measured. The actuator, s displacement and force output can reach 50^m and 600N respectively when the input current was 4A. Based on the tests,it can be concluded that the actuator has perfect output capability in displacement and force and can be used in low-frequency vibration control system of precision devices.
    Research Notes
    Numerical Simulation for Three Dimensional Temperature Fields of Composite Boay with Plutonum-239
    XIAO Gang, ZHU Wen-kai
    2005, 26(1):  140-142.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2005.01.032
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    Composite body with plutonium-239 is heated up by heat emitting from interior nuclear reactions of plutonium-239 such as a disintegration. Reliability and safety of the composite body with plutonium-239 will be affected under high temperatures. In order to evaluate how reliability and safety are influenced, temperature fields of the composite body ought to be calculated. In this paper, the heating power of pluto?nium-239 was calculated. Using ANSYS software, three dimensional temperature fields of the composite body with plutonium-239 were calculated. The results show that temperature fields of the composite body reach the state of equilibrium after about one day. Temperatures at the center of composite body reach at about 117X3,and the temperature at the explosive layer is close to the temperature of environment.