Table of Content

30 April 2009, Volume 30 Issue 4

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Paper

Penetration Performance Study on Two Kinds of Non-circular Cross-sectional Projectiles

RONG Guang, SUN Rui-sheng, XUE Xiao-zhong,SUN Chuan-jie, YANG Yun-bin

2009, 30(4):  385-388.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2009.04.001

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The penetration performance of the two kinds of non-circular cross-sectional projectiles with the same mass, length and density was tested. The 3D finite element models were established by AN- SYS/LS-DYNA analysis technology based on the tests of penetrating target plates with the projectiles. For analyzing the variation of some important parameters during penetration, the penetration depths under different initial velocities, and incident angles were calculated for two kinds of non-circular cross- sectional projectiles. The calculated results show that the penetration depth increases with the increase of velocity at the same condition; it decreases with the increase of angle at the same velocity, and the projectile ricochets at increasing incident angle to a certain value. The results of the simulation are in good agreement with the test results. The study has a certain reference value for the design of non-cir?cular cross-sectional projectile.

Study on Stable Scanning of Terminal Sensing Ammunition Based on Quaternion Amendment

LI Chen-ming, HAN Zi-peng, LIU Yi-xin,GU Jian-ping

2009, 30(4):  389-393.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2009.04.002

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Taking aim *at the problem that there are singular points in the program under the condition that using Euler angles to describe the revolving motion of terminal sensing ammunition, the Euler an?gles are expressed by the quaternion and the Euler kinematics equation team is amended by the quater?nion. The contrastive simulation was done in order to validate the correctness and advantage of describ?ing the revolving motion of terminal sensing ammunition. The simulated results show that we can get stable solutions by amending the dynamic model with quaternion, and there is not singular point in the program, the ballistic model amended by the quaternion method is suitable for describing the terminal sensing ammunition' s scanning motion than Euler equation with large or uncertainty angle.

The Measurement Method and Application of Charge Temperature in Guns

ZHOU Yan-huang, YU Yong-gang, CHEN Jin-cao, LU Xin

2009, 30(4):  394-397.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2009.04.003

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The charge temperature is a critical parameter affecting the muzzle velocity and range of gun. It is related to the environment change and varies with the environment temperature. The charge temperature is a function of time and space. In this paper, on the basis of analyzing reasonably the heat transfer character of propellant, transient heat conduction models were built. According to the process of numerical solution, a test scheme, which is the combination of data collection and computer calcula?tion, was chosen. This scheme used the Ljauss reduced-dimensional method to improve the solving re?al-time, and meet the higher precision and faster response of computation process of charge tempera?ture under the noncontact measurement.

Kinetic Analysis of Bullet Engraving Based on Fractal Geometry

YANG Min, WANG Wei-dong, MOU Li,JING Chang

2009, 30(4):  398-402.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2009.04.004

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Analysis and comparison of bullet engraving are important for criminal investigation and the discovery of evidence in gun related case. So far, the theory and method in use are mainly based on comparisons of Euclid geometry size, position and striations. On the basis of analyzing the shaping the?ory of bullet engraving, a novel method which uses a fractal theory to analyze the bullet engraving was proposed. rirst of all, the proposed method reduces the dimensionality by mapping a two-dimensional gray-level image into a one-dimensional object signal. Then the fractal analysis approach is utilized in frequency domain for the one-dimensional signal. We found the multi-fractal features of bullet engrav?ing in frequency domain and its multi-dimension fractal structures were related to the wear of corre?sponding position of gun chamber. This is a very interesting result and can be successfully used in ana?lyzing and identifying bullet engraving. The researched result shows the proposed method provides a new thinking for judicial analysis and appraisement of bullet engraving, and spreads the research idea of judicial ballistics.

Analytical Model on Non-circular Penetrator Impacting Semi-infinite Target Perpendicularly

DU Zhong-hua, ZHU Jian-sheng, WANG Xian-zhi,LI Liang-jie

2009, 30(4):  403-407.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2009.04.005

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Some experiments of impacting semi-infinite target perpendicularly were carried out by the triangular and quadrangular cross-section penetrators, at length-diameter ratios of 20，impacting veloc?ity of I 600 m/s to I 800 m/s. After that, some interrelated analytical models were made. In the mod?els, how the cross-section of rods affect the performance of the non-circular rods penetrating homoge-neous target was discussed. compared with the foregoing experimental outcome, the theoretical analy?sis result is proved to be able to anslyze the penetration characteristic of non-circular rods impacting se?mi-finite target commendably.

A Finite Element Solution for the Indeterminate Problem of Telescopic Rod/Tube Penetrators

FANG Qing, SUN Yu-xin, SHEN Pei-hui, KANG Zong-wei

2009, 30(4):  408-414.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2009.04.006

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The telescopic rod/tube penetrator was represented as the cylindrical shell-bar based on some engineering suppositions. By using a commercial finite-element code, a statically indeterminate prob?lem that cylindrical shell-bar had two supported surfaces ana gap exists in the second contact was solved under transient load. Two methods of stress contour and embracing graph along a predefined path through the nodes of the cylindrical shell enabled us to analyze the results. In the limited bounds of the second contact gap ^ solution process was astringed by using the transient dynamic module to solve an example of this problem. According to von Mises stress embracing graphs, minimum life sec?tions of the shell and rational bounds of gap for the penetrators could be quickly obtained. On the foun?dation of this work we can offer estimating techniques for the strength design of telescopic rod/ tube projectile with finite-element analysis.

Detective Performance of the Short Circuit Electrostatic Detector Oriented Perpendicular to the Rotating ProjectileLongitudinal Axis

HAO Xiaohui，CUI Zhan-zhong

2009, 30(4):  415-418.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2009.04.007

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Information of the target can be acquired by detecting the electrostatic field of the target to detonate the ammunition timely. A short circuit electrostatic detector system oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal axis is representative of the passive electrostatic detection systems, its detective princi?ple, equation and characteristic of target were researched by predecessor formerly. Some projectiles ro?tate at high speed flying in air, so characteristic of target, detective principle and equation of the short circuit electrostatic detector system oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal axis are different from themselves obviously when projectiles do not rotate. Rotary reference frame of rotary detection elec?trode was established, to deduce detective equation of the detector when projectile rotates. Influence factors of projectile rotation on the detector performance were analysed by emulation calculation. The simulated results indicate that detector can acquire more informations of target, and detective distance is further when projectiles rotate.

Simulation and Analysis of Fuze Link-belt Electromagnetic Induction Setting in Small Caliber Artillery

MA Shao-jie, ZHANG He, LI Chang-sheng,SHI Lei

2009, 30(4):  419-424.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2009.04.008

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Small caliber artillery is widely used in the air defense and short-range anti-missile defense, which requires a very short reaction time. The rapidly automatic induction setting of fuze must be achieved using a rapid information cross-linking technology for fire control system and ammunition fuze. Muzzle induction setting and link-belt induction setting are the common setting methods, and the latter is more applicable to rotary tubular artillery, ^mce the setting magnetic field is anomalous, the theoretical research is very important. The primary coil is winded on the arc setter and the secondary coil is in the fuze, which form an electromagnetic coupled loop; and the fire control information is transformed to the fuze through electromagnetic induction method in time; then the fuze circuit obtains a setting information after decoding analysis to achieve the accurate control of the projectile. A link- belt electromagnetic induction setting analysis model was established by ANSYS，the influence of the body material and the input frequency on coupled loop output was discussed, the quasi-dynamic induc?tion setling process analysis was carried out, which have introductive significance for engineering de-sign.

Research on the Explosive Temperature Response of Fuel Air Explosive Measured by Colorimetric Thermometer

LIU Qing-ming, BAI Chun-hua

2009, 30(4):  425-430.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2009.04.009

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A infrared colorimetric radiation high temperature measurement system was establisned based on the theory of light radiation. The dynamic temperature history of fuel air explosive was mea?sured to obtain the temperature responses of single event and double event fuel air explosives in real time, and the characteristics of their temperature history curves were compared and analyzed. The compared and analyzed results show that the maximum temperature of the single event fuel air explo?sive is higher than that of the double event fuel air explosive, and the hign temperature druation of the single event fuel air explosive is longer than that of the double event fuel air explosive.

Research and Implementation of Access-control Model of Military Information System

JIANG Yue-qiu, JIAO Yan

2009, 30(4):  431-437.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2009.04.010

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For the complexity of access control mechanism of military information system, the concepts of domain role, role time-limit control, role conditional mneritance, role level and role group were in?troduced into the role management based on the available access control model. And task classification, task fraction, task time-based control and task template in the task management were studied accord?ing to the access control tactics, thus improving the task-role-based access control model. “Task and role are referred to the centre of access control tactics to embody the access control thought involved the combination of active and passive access-visit, and the coexistence of static and dynamic authoriza?tion. Then a task-role-based access control model (M-TRBAC) was build to meet the demand of mili?tary information system. The formalized definition and the static and dynamic model design of M- TR- BAし were given.

Research on Image Fusion Technology Based on Windowing

TIAN Si, ZHANG Jun-ju, YUAN Yi-hui,CHANG Ben-kang

2009, 30(4):  438-441.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2009.04.011

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Speed and quality of image fusion are restricted each other, image fusion in real time is one of the problems to be studied and solved urgently at present. The proDlem was solved to a certain ex?tent by the proposed image fusion technology based on windowing. The criterion of the image fusion based on windowing was given, the calculating methods of the suitable scope and the maximum win?dowing area for the fusion were determined, and the approximate calculating formula of the maximum windowing area was obtained. The fused results were analyzed, verified and contrasted to prove the technology to be feasible.

Statistical Evaluating on Running Smoothness of self-propelled Gun Based on Virtual Prototype of Chair System

DI Chang-chun, DU Zhong-hua, WU Da-Iin

2009, 30(4):  442-445.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2009.04.012

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The running smoothess of vehicle is obviously uncertain because of the road unevenness, ve?locity of vehicle and discrete structure parameters. A traditional study on running smoothness supposed the vemcle systems with certain parameters, which couldn’t uncover the uncertainty of vehicle’s be?havior. To discover the uncertainty, the random kinetic equations of self-propelled gun were built, which combined the kinetic equations with random variables of structure parameters and input signals. And the virtual random testing platform about a bumper chair of self-propelled gun was developed, which combined the Monte Carlo method with the virtual testing technology. Based on the virtual test?ing platform, the random vibrations of the bumper chair were simulated and the random aataset about running smoothness was obtained. With the statistical methods, running smoothness fitting Gauss ms- tribution was verified, and the total average value of running smoothness was computed, which offered a testing result for verification of the gun’s quality. The random kinetic equations and virtual random testing technology provide a feasible method for statistical evaluating about equipment ’ s behavior and characteristic.

An Improved Inverse Dynamics Model of 6DDF Motion Simulator

LI Chang-chun, YAN Hao, ZHANG Jin-ying,LIU Xiao-dong

2009, 30(4):  446-450.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2009.04.013

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The 6DOF motion simulator is widely used in simulating the spatial motions of naval ships, aerocrafts and vehicles, and generally it is assumed that the simulator’s legs do not rotate around cor?responding axes, which leads to errors of dynamics calculation. For evaluating and eliminating the er-rors, an improved inverse dynamics model was presented based on Newton-Euler method. considering the actual situation of the legs motion, the model is an accurate one. Because the constraint forces have been eliminated, the model has a simple structure and a high computing efficiency, and it is ap-plicable for structure optimization and control strategy design of the 6DOF motion simulator.

Study on Statistical Analysis for Step-stress Accelerated Degradation Tests with Two Accelerating Stresses Models and Methods

WANG Ya-shun, MO Yong-qiang，ZHANG Chun-hua,CHEN Xun，HE You

2009, 30(4):  451-456.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2009.04.014

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Taking aim at the small sample size and the limilation of single accelerating stress level, step-stress accelerated degradation test (ADT) with two accelerating stresses is a good way to evaluate reliability or life-time for newly developed products. A method to analyze data obtained in step-stress ADT with two accelerating stresse was presented. A degradation path model including residual stan?dardized coefficients was presented to describe degradation path for products with degradation correlat?ing with stress levels. Degradation data were analyzed to obtain life and reliability information with a method based on cumulative exposure model and time transformation. An example of analysis for data of electronic multipliers is provided to illustrate the proposed method and its validity.

Research on Anti-wear Property of Synthetic Oil-based Polymeric a-Olefin Nano Fe3O4 Ferrofluids

CHEN Shan-fei, ZHENG Min-hua, WANG Zheng-liang，WANG Yong-bin

2009, 30(4):  457-460.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2009.04.015

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Fe3〇4，fabricated by chemical co-precipitation method and using oleic acid as surfactant, were dispersed in polymeric α -olefin by ultrasonic wave. By this way, we produced the magnetic liq?uids in which nanoparticles can be dispersed stably in the lubricants. On loop block friction testing ma-chine, we evaluated this magnetic liquids’ anti-wear properties with the different mass fractions of Fe3〇4. Besides, its anti-wear properties were aslo assessed on loop block friction testing machine under different external magnetic induction strengths. The researched results show that the synthesized fer- rofluids have better anti-wear properties than the polymeric α-olefin oil itself, and its anti-wear proper?ties can be increased by external magnetic induction intensity.

Design Methods of Superposition Throttle Slices and Influence on Throttle Aperture of Hydro Pneumatic Spring

ZHOU Chang-cheng, LIU Rui-jun, ZHAO Yi-qiang

2009, 30(4):  461-466.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2009.04.016

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A design formula of single throttle slice thickness was established with the computation for?mulas of opening valve pressure and. throttle slice deformation. The design method and principle of su?perposition slice were founded using the computation formulas of equivalent thickness and stress. The conditions of opening valve were studied, and the computation formula of adjustment gasket was giv?en. The design-formula of throttle aperture of hydro- pneumatic spring was established according to the relationship between pressure and flux. On basis of this, the influence factors of valve parameters were analyzed. The parameters of hydro-pneumatic spring were designed, the equivalent thickness of super?position throttle slice and the characteristics and stress intensity of opening valve were validated, and the performance test was conducted for the hydro-pneumatic spring. The experiment and analysis re?sults show that the superposition throttle slices has the effect on the valve parameters of hydro-pneu?matic spring.

Research on Autocollimation Method and Simulation for Ballistic Missile

QU Cong-shan, XIA Ke-han, XU Hua-long,TAN Ying

2009, 30(4):  467-470.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2009.04.017

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A two-position auto-collimation method was proposed to shorten preparation time of launch for ballistic missile under a certain collimation precision. Different from traditional two-position locat?ing method, the method doesn’t need to know the latitude of launch position and the indexing-angle can be chose freely. The calculation formula of two-position collimation was deduced, main factors which influence the collimation precision were analyzed, a numeric simulation was carried out. Simula?tion results show that maximum azimuth error of collimation is less than 5'，under conditions of system error of triple standard deviation and random error of 0. 000 5. The method can satisfy aiming require?ment of the missile at the situations of utilizing integrated guidance system, lower initial collimation precision and higher requirement of fast maneuverability.

Modeling and Design of signal-oriented General Purpose Automatic Test System

YU Jin-song, BAO Xiao-ming, ZHAO Quan

2009, 30(4):  471-475.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2009.04.018

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Establishing a consistent model is the key point of resource management and configuration in a signal-oriented software architecture, which is a direction of the general purpose automatic test sys?tem (GPATS) software. A strategy of signal-oriented modeling and test engine based implementation was proposed. Based onthe hardware architecture of the GPATS, the system model, mainly composed of the automatic test equipment (ATE) model, the unit under test (UUT) model and the connection model, was implemented via relational database. Then ATE automatic choosing and configuration for each task was realized by using these models in the test engine between the main test program and the equipment operation in DOT NET development platform, which makes the test software independent of the real test resource ? This design was successfully applied to a certain type of photoelectric radar performance integrated test system.

A Research on Entity Capture Algorithm in Virtual Environment

REN Kai, PU Jin-yun，CHEN Cong

2009, 30(4):  476-480.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2009.04.019

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According to the problem of virtual entity capture in virtual warship damage control training system, a concept of capture efficiency was defined based on the weapon system shooting efficiency. The calculating methods of linear and rectangular target capture efficiency were presented. In consider?ation of the multi-entity capture determination in virtual environment, distance compensative criterion and visual angle compensative criterion were brought out to solve the target entity filter proolem. The algorithm is used in the virtual warsmp damage control training system to provide an approach for tar?get entity operating in virtual scene.

Fire Distribution of Missile-Gun Integrated Air Defense System Under Earlier Damage Principle

WANG Yan-xia, GUO Zhi

2009, 30(4):  481-485.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2009.04.020

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The fire distribution is divided into weapon allocation and iirmg time scheduling. The prin?ciple of weapon allocation is that a target with greater threat value has higher priority. And the princi?ple of firing time scheduling is a target can be damaged at the expected probability before a specific time. A fire distribution scheme and a computing program for the missile-gun system under the princi?ple of earlier damage were presented for the first time. An example was taken to illustrate the effec?tiveness of the model.

A Network Security Analysis Method Based on Vulnerability Correlation

XIE Chaohai, TAO Ran, CAI Xue-jun,BI Ma-ning

2009, 30(4):  486-490.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2009.04.021

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Recently in-depth analysis of network security vulnerability must consider attacker exploits not just in isolation, but also in combination. The general approach to this problem is to compute at?tack graphs using a variety of graph-based algorithms. However, such methods generally suffer from the exponential state space proolem. Therefore, two conceptions of vulnerability correlation matrix and vulnerability correlation graph (VCG) were introduced into network security analysis. An algorithm based on vulnerability correlation matrix was proposed to generate VCGs. An example was given to il?lustrate the application and effect of the algorithm in network security analysis. Deep analysis shows that VCLrS have polynomial complexity of the number of network vulnerabilities, scale well for large networks, are convenient for network managemer and helpful to improving network security.

The Controlling and Scheduling Co-Design of Networked Control System Based on Time-variable Sampling Period

CAI Hua, WANG Yan, CHEN Qing-wei,HU Wei-Ii

2009, 30(4):  491-496.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2009.04.022

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A dynamic scheduling strategy based on network running state was proposed for a net?worked control system (NCS) operating in CAN. NCS is adapted to the change of information flow in the network by adjusting its sampling periods. NCS of using the dynamic scheduling strategy is a sam?pling period-variable system, ana is modeled as a discrete switching system when network- induced de?lay and data-package dropout appear in a sampling-variable period. Robust stability and controller de?sign method for NCS were studied by Lyapunov method. The simulated results show that the control and scheduling co-design method is available to improve the running capability of network and assure the operational stability of the system.

Research Notes

Satisfactory Modeling for the Operators in Semi-automatic Tracking System

ZHANG Xian-chun, WANG Jun, GUO Zhi

2009, 30(4):  497-502.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2009.04.023

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For the modeling of the operator group in man-machine tracking system and based on the summarization of the check indexes of the operator, expectもa index sets of the exceeding tolerance in?dexes and the steady error coefficient indexes based on the two- dimension target area were given. As a new idea, the satisfactory modeling method that satisfy the indexes mentioned above was put forward, and the consistency set satisiymg these indexes was solved by using the graphic and analytic method on the premise of system stability. A numerical example demonstrates the validity of the idea.

Diagnostic Matrix-based Rotor Health Monitoring Methodology

ZHU Xu-cheng, HOU Zhi-qiang

2009, 30(4):  503-508.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2009.04.024

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A method of detecting and isolating fault based on diagnostic matrix was proposed for heli?copter rotor, and its health monitor system software framework was developed. The diagnostic matrix was extracted through the simulation of the quantitative models of damaged and undamaged rotor sys?tems .The set of conflicts was recognized by the virtual symptom sensor based on the dependencies be?tween symptoms and faults. Diagnosis candidates were generated by the Boolean hitting algorithm. The method provides multi-fault real-time diagnostic capability, and is suitable for the synthetic health monitoring of complex systems.

A fotally Ordered Method of Partial Order Based on Rough Sets Applied to Evaluation of Equipment Effectiveness

SUO Zhong-ying, CHENG Si-yi, WANG Xing,HAN Xiao-mei

2009, 30(4):  509-512.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2009.04.025

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Considering the facts of effectiveness evaluation and the problems of the existed methods of effectiveness evaluation, a totally ordered method of partial order based on rough sets was applied to ef?fectiveness evaluation, the basic evaluation procedures of the method were described and application analysis of the method was done on seven torpedo systems. The evaluated result shows that the method solves the existent proDlems in original evaluation effectively and feasibly, the objectivity and the cor?rectness of evaluation conclusion can be improved by the method, and provides a scientific decision foundation theoretically for development demonstration and practical operation of the weapon equip?ment. The dominance of the method was summarized in the conclusion.