Analysis of Load Characteristics of Fuze during Penetrating a Multi-layer Target Based on the Matching Relation of Projectile and Target

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2023.0162

Abstract

Abstract:

To accurately analyze the load characteristics of fuze in the process of penetrating a multi-layer target, the characteristics of projectile-target forces under different working conditions of penetrating a multi-layer target are analyzed by cavity expansion theory and differential panel method. The propagation characteristics of projectile-target force in the projectile body and the frequency response characteristics of warhead-fuze system are analyzed based on the stress wave propagation equation. The two analyzed results show that the relationship between the fundamental frequency of projectile-target force determined by penetration speed and target spacing and the frequency response characteristics determined by the structure of warhead-fuze system determines the load characteristics of fuze. The finite element simulation and test results of warhead-fuze system further prove that the frequency response curve of fuze under the condition of high-speed penetration into multi-layer target is not fixedly concentrated at a certain frequency. When the natural frequency of a certain order of axial vibration of warhead-fuze system is close to the integral multiple of the fundamental frequency of projetile-target force, the frequency response curve of fuze load is obviously concentrated near the natural frequency of this order of axial vibration. The analysis of the influence of projectile-target parameters on the load characteristics of fuze in the process of penetrating a multi-layer target has important guiding significance for fuze initiation control algorithm and protection design.

Key words: penetrationfuze, parameters of projectile and target, fuze load, characteristics analysis

CLC Number:

TJ43

LIU Bo, CHENG Xiangli, YANG He, ZHAO Hui, WU Xuexing, LIU Tao. Analysis of Load Characteristics of Fuze during Penetrating a Multi-layer Target Based on the Matching Relation of Projectile and Target[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(7): 2240-2250.

Figures/Tables 22

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of typical warhead-fuze system

Fig.2 Normal penetration model

Fig.3 Time-history and mplitude frequency response curves of projetile-target force (the length is 2.0m, and the spacing is 3m)

Fig.4 Time history and frequency response curve of the force(the length is 2.5m, the spacing is 3m)

Table 1 Calculated results of the first three natural frequencies

序号	弹体长度/ m	1阶轴向振动频率/Hz	2阶轴向振动频率/Hz	3阶轴向振动频率/Hz
1	2.0	1 297	2 594	3 892
2	2.5	1 038	2 075	3 113

Fig.5 Acceleration and frequency response curves of fuze location (the length is 2.0m, the spacing is 3m)

Fig.6 Acceleration time-history and frequency response curves of fuze location (the length is 2.0m, the spacing is 2m)

Table 2 Relationship between the projecile-target force’s fundamental frequency and the projectile body’s natural frequency (the projectile body length is 2.0m)

序号	弹体速度/ (m·s^-1)	靶间距/m	弹-靶作用力基频/ Hz	与1阶频率的关系	与2阶频率的关系	与3阶频率的关系
1	650	3	182	7.13	14.25	21.38
2	800	3	228	5.69	11.38	17.07
3	1000	3	282	4.60	9.20	13.80
4	650	2	272	4.77	9.54	14.31
5	800	2	333	3.89	7.79	11.69
6	1000	2	430	3.02	6.03	9.05

Fig.7 Acceleration and frequency response curves of fuze location(the length is 2.5m, the spacing is 3m)

Fig.8 Acceleration and frequency response curves of fuze location (the length is 2.5m, the spacing is 2m)

Table 3 Relationship between the projecile-target force’s fundamental frequency and the projecile body’s natural frequency (the projecile length is 2.5m)

序号	弹体速度/ (m·s^-1)	靶间距/m	弹-靶作用力基频/ Hz	与1阶频率的关系	与2阶频率的关系	与3阶频率的关系
1	650	3	197	5.27	10.53	15.80
2	800	3	234	4.44	8.87	13.30
3	1 000	3	285	3.64	7.28	10.92
4	650	2	276	3.76	7.52	11.28
5	800	2	342	3.04	6.07	9.10
6	1 000	2	433	2.40	4.79	7.19

Fig.9 Geometric model of warhead-fuze system

Table 4 Material parameters of simulation model

部件	密度ρ/(kg·m^-3)	弹性模量E/GPa	泊松比ν
弹壳	7 850	210	0.28
装药	1 680	26.2	0.41
压紧环	4 500	110	0.31

Fig.10 The first three modes of warhead-fuze system

Fig.11 Finite element model of penetrating five layers of concrete target

Table 5 Main parameters of material models

材料	密度/ (g·cm^-3)	强度/ MPa	泊松比	弹性模量/ GPa	剪切模量/ GPa
弹壳体	7.85	1 500	0.28	210	77.5
炸药	1.68	20.0	0.40	7.7	2.7
转接盘	4.50	1 100	0.34	110	41.0
引信	4.50	1 100	0.34	110	41.0
混凝土靶	2.44	48.0(抗压) 4.8(抗拉)			14.6

Fig.12 Acceleration and frequency response curves of fuze and projectile (penetration velocity is 650m/s)

Fig.13 Acceleration and frequency response curves of fuze and projectile (penetration velocity is 800m/s)

Table 6 Relationship between the projectile-targetforce’s fundamental frequency and the projectile body’s natural frequency

侵彻速度/ (m·s^-1)	弹-靶作用力基频/Hz	1阶固有频率 884.54/Hz	2阶固有频率 1790.6/Hz	3阶固有频率 2672.3/Hz
650	192.8	4.59	9.29	13.86
800	226.5	3.90	7.91	11.80

Fig.14 Test scenario diagram of five-layer targets

Fig.15 Frequency response curve of the measured acceleration of fuze (penetration velocity is 650m/s)

Fig.16 Frequency response curve of the measured acceleration of fuze (penetration velocity is 800m/s)

References 20

[1]	于润祥, 石庚辰. 硬目标侵彻引信计层技术现状与展望[J]. 探测与控制学报, 2013, 35(5): 1-6.
	YU R X, SHI G C. Development and situation of multi-layer hard target penetration fuse[J]. Journal of Detection & Control, 2013, 35(5):1-6. (in Chinese)
[2]	HAYLES D R. DTRA counter WMD technologies fuzing & instrumentation technology overview[C]// Proceedings of the NDIA 54th Annual Fuze Conference. Kansas City, KS, US:NDIA, 2010.
[3]	黄莎玲, 朱鸿志, 程祥利, 等. 自适应阈值侵彻引信层目标识别算法[J]. 兵工学报, 2020, 41(9):1762-1770. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2020.09.008
	HUANG S L, ZHU H Z, CHENG X L, et al. Adaptive threshold setting method for layer-count in penetration fuse[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2020, 41(9):1762-1770. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2020.09.008
[4]	李蓉, 戴黎红, 吴敏忠, 等. 超高速侵彻引信多层目标加速度层间粘连机理[J]. 探测与控制学报, 2020, 42(2):1-9.
	LI R, DAI L H, WU M Z, et al. Multi-level target adhesion mechanism of high-speed penetration fuzeoverload[J]. Journal of Detection & Control, 2020, 42(2):1-9. (in Chinese)
[5]	焦聪. 多层侵彻引信加速度信号获取及层数识别技术研究[D]. 太原: 中北大学, 2018.
	JIAO C. Research on overload signal acquisition and layer identification[D]. Taiyuan: North University of China, 2018. (in Chinese)
[6]	曹娟, 张合, 王晓锋. 硬目标侵彻引信隔离防护优化研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2015, 34(24):192-196.
	CAO J, ZHANG H, WANG X F. Optimization of isolated protection for the hard-target penetration fuze[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2015, 34(24):192-196. (in Chinese)
[7]	刘波, 杨黎明, 李东杰, 等. 侵彻弹体结构纵向振动频率特性分析[J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2018, 38(3):677-682.
	LIU B, YANG L M, LI D J, et al. Analysis of axial vibration frequency for projectile structure in penetration[J]. Explosion and Shock Waves, 2018, 38(3):677-682. (in Chinese)
[8]	程祥利, 刘波, 赵慧, 等. 侵彻战斗部-引信系统动力学建模与仿真[J]. 兵工学报, 2020, 41(4):625-633. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2020.04.001
	CHENG X L, LIU B, ZHAO H, et al. Dynamic modeling and simulation for penetration warhead-fuzesystem[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2020, 41(4):625-633. (in Chinese)
[9]	ZHANG W D, CHEN L J, XIONG J J, et al. Ultra-high g deceleration-time measurement for the penetration into steel target[J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2007, 34(3):436-447.
[10]	LUNDGREN R G, CEDAR N M. Method and signal processing means for detecting and discriminating between structural configurations and geological gradients encountered by kinetic energy subterranean terra-dynamic crafts:US, 7720608B2[P].2010-05-18.
[11]	FORRESTAL M J, TZOU D Y. A spherical cavity-expansion penetrationmodelforconcrete targets[J]. International Journal of Solids and Structures, 1997, 34(31/32):4127-4146.
[12]	MENG C M, TAN Q H, JIANG Z G, et al. Approximate solutions of finite dynamicspherical cavity-expansion models for penetration into elastically confined concrete targets[J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2018, 114(1):182-193.
[13]	程祥利, 赵慧, 李林川, 等. 基于机械振动理论的垂直侵彻弹靶作用模型[J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2019, 39(9):1-10.
	CHENG X L, ZHAO H, LI L C, et al. Projectile target response model for normal penetration process based on mechanical vibration theory[J]. Explosion and Shock Waves, 2019, 39(9):1-10. (in Chinese)
[14]	赵海峰, 张亚, 李世忠, 等. 侵彻弹体频率特性分析及加速度信号处理[J]. 中国机械工程, 2015, 26(22):3034-3039.
	ZHAO H F, ZHANG Y, LI S Z, et al. Frequency characteristics analysis and overload signal process of penetration projectile[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2015, 26(22):3034-3039. (in Chinese)
[15]	张雪岩, 武海军, 李金柱, 等. 弹体高速侵彻两种强度混凝土靶的对比研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2019, 40(2):276-283. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2019.02.007
	ZHANG X Y, WU H J, LI J Z, et al. Comparative study of projectiles penetrating into two kinds of concrete targets at high velocity[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2019, 40(2):276-283. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2019.02.007
[16]	罗梦翔, 刘涛, 蔡国平. 导弹振动的动力学建模和频率分析[J]. 中国科技论文, 2015, 10(16):1924-1927.
	LUO M X, LIU T, CAI G P. Dynamics modeling and frequency analysis of missile vibration[J]. China Science Paper, 2015, 10(16):1924-1927. (in Chinese)
[17]	吴普磊, 李鹏飞, 董平, 等. 攻角对弹体斜侵彻多层混凝土靶弹道偏转影响的数值模拟及试验验证[J]. 火炸药学报, 2018, 41(2):202-207. doi: 10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.2018.02.017
	WU P L, LI P F, DONG P, et al. Numerical simulation and experimantal verification on the influence of angle of attack on ballistic deflection on the influence of angle of oblique penetration multilayer concrete targets for projectile[J]. Chinese Journal of Explosives & Proellants, 2018, 41(2):202-207. (in Chinese)
[18]	BURLEY M, CAMPBELL J E, DEAN J, et al. Johnson-Cook parameter evaluation from ballistic impact data via interative FEM modeling[J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2018(112):180-192.
[19]	沈飞, 王辉. RDX基含铝炸药不同尺寸的圆筒试验及数值模拟[J]. 含能材料, 2013, 21(6):777-780.
	SHEN F, WANG H. Different diameter cylinder tests and numerical simulation of RDX based aluminized explosive[J]. Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials, 2013, 21(6):777-780. (in Chinese)
[20]	巫绪涛, 孙善飞, 李和平. 用HJC本构模型模拟混凝土SHPB实验[J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2009, 29(2):138-142.
	WU X T, SUN S F, LI H P. Numerical simulation of SHPB tests for concrete by using HJC model[J]. Explosion and Shock Waves, 2009, 29(2):138-142. (in Chinese)