Dynamic Shear Test Method of Metallic Materials

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2022.0046

Abstract

Abstract:

The dynamic shear performance parameters of materials are the important basis for the design of missiles, rockets and armor protection systems. However, there are still problems in the stress uniformity and force state of existing tensile shear specimens, which affect the reliability of test results. Five kinds of tensile shear specimens were compared and analyzed by numerical simulations. In order to solve the existing problems, a new type of tensile shear specimen was designed. The stress distribution of the new specimen is uniform for both quasi-static and dynamic loading conditions, and the stress state is close to pure shear, which is suitable for the accurate testing of shear mechanical properties of materials in large ranges of strain rate and strain. Compared with the test results of double shear specimens (DSS) under compressive loading, it was found that the stress-strain curves were in good agreement, and the new specimen had a longer plastic flow stage. Moreover, numerical simulations were performed to study the deformation and fracture processes of the TC4 titanium alloy specimen, and good consistency was observed between the simulation results and the images taken by the high-speed camera. Therefore, the validity of the specimen design and numerical simulation results is further verified.

Key words: metallic material, mechanical property, shear test, high strain rate, dynamic loading

DU Yutian, XU Zejian, HU Hongzhi, HUANG Fenglei. Dynamic Shear Test Method of Metallic Materials[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(5): 1502-1512.

Figures/Tables 25

Fig.1 Geometric shape and mesh refinement in the shear zone of five specimens

Table 1 Shear zone size of the specimens

试样	剪切区
试样	长度/mm	宽度/mm	厚度/mm
圆弧形缺口试样	4	4	1
平板剪切试样	9	4	2
角形缺口试样	9	4	2
蝴蝶形试样	5	1.5	5
长圆柱体剪切试样	12	1.5	4.6

Table 2 Physical parameters of the materials

材料	密度/ (g·cm^-3)	弹性模量/GPa	泊松比	比热/(mJ· g^-1·℃^-1)	电导率/(W· m^-1·℃^-1)
Cu	8.96	108	0.34	383	388
TC4	4.43	144	0.33	470	6.7

Table 3 J-C constitutive model parameters of the materials

材料	A/MPa	B/MPa	C	n	m	T_m/K	T_r/K
Cu	352.1	170.3	0.0135	0.417	0.5834	1356	93
TC4	971.59	362.39	0.016	0.1298	0.5839	1941	93

Fig.2 Torsion diagram of shear zone

Fig.3 Comparison of torsion angle of the specimens

Fig.4 Equivalent stress nephograms of the five specimens

Fig.5 Comparison of stress triaxiality of the specimens

Fig.6 Distribution of equivalent stress and hydrostatic pressure in the shear zone of the butterfly-shaped specimen

Fig.7 Geometric shape and size of the new shear specimen

Fig.8 Incident stress pulse of dynamic test

Fig.9 Equivalent stress nephogram of the new shear specimen under quasi-static loading

Fig.10 Stress and strain component curves in the shear zone of the new specimen under quasi-static loading

Fig.11 Assembly diagram in simulation

Fig.12 Equivalent stress nephogram of the new shear specimen under dynamic loading

Fig.13 Diagram of path along the direction of shear zone width

Fig.14 Distribution of triaxiality and lode parameter along the direction of shear zone width

Fig.15 Evolution curves of average triaxiality and lode parameter with equivalent plastic strain

Fig.16 Comparison of different materials

Fig.17 Comparison of the specimen before and after test

Fig.18 Typical experimental waveforms

Fig.19 Cerification of force balance

Fig.20 Comparison of stress-strain curves obtained from experiments and simulations

Fig.21 Comparison of test curves of the new shear specimen and the double shear specimen

Table 4 Comparison of deformation figures obtained from high speed camera and simulations

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