Response Characteristics of Curved Fiber Composite Protective Shelter under the action of Explosive Shock Wave

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2023.0735

Abstract

Abstract:

A significant number of unexploded bombs have remained on the battlefield since World War II. To handle these unexploded bombs effectively and efficiently, it is crucial to provide a robust protection and lightweight explosion-proof shelter that ensures the safety of bomb disposal experts. In this study, three materials were selected: aluminum alloy 6061-T6, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber laminates and carbon fiber laminates. The deformation resistance and shock wave overpressure attenuation effects of curved and square explosion-proof shelters under the action of shock wave are compared through real explosion experiment and finite element simulation. The test results indicate that, for target plate with equal surface density, the carbon fiber laminates exhibit superior deformation resistance compared to UHMWPE fiber laminates and aluminum plates. Furthermore, the simulated results demonstrate that the curved structures offer better deformation resistance than square structures. Finally, when the curved explosion-proof shelter is subjected to an explosive impact at a distance of 3m from a 2kg TNT charge at a height of 0.5m, it generates lower transmission overpressure than the square counterpart due to its enhanced deformation resistance. In the case of minimal deformation observed in this scenario, the overpressure within the shelter remains below 20kPa—ensuring personnel safety without any injuries incurred. Material selection has minimal influence on the clipping effect of curved explosion-proof shelter, however, the carbon fiber laminates yield the optimal explosion-proof effect for square explosion-proof shelters.

Key words: curved surface structure, explosion-proof shelter, lightweight, finite element simulation, response mechanism

CLC Number:

O383

YUAN Mingzheng, PAN Teng, BIAN Xiaobing, YANG Lei, ZHOU Hongyuan, HUANG Guangyan, ZHANG Hong. Response Characteristics of Curved Fiber Composite Protective Shelter under the action of Explosive Shock Wave[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(12): 3909-3920.

Figures/Tables 30

Table 1 Target plate data table

靶板类型	面密度/ (kg·m^-2)	质量/ g	厚度/ mm
铝合金6061-T6		1944	4.5
UHMWPE纤维层合板	12	1940	12.5
碳纤维层合板		1955	8.4

Fig.1 Installation diagram of target plate

Fig.2 Layout of actual explosion experiment

Fig.3 Deformation diagram of target plate

Fig.4 Time-history curve of the center point of each target plate in the experiment

Fig.5 1/4 calculation model of plane target plate

Table 2 Material parameters of target frame and bolt

R₀/(kg·m^-3)	E/GPa	v
7800	206	0.30

Table 3 Material parameters of aluminum alloy 6061-T6[15]

参数	数值	参数	数值
R₀/(kg·m^-3)	2704	D₁	-0.77
E/GPa	71	D₂	1.45
G/GPa	26.69	D₃	-0.47
v	0.330	D₄	0
A/MPa	256	D₅	1.60
B/MPa	113.8	C	5240
C	0.002	S₁	1.40
M	1.34	T_M/K	877.6
N	0.42	T_r/K	293.0

Table 4 Material parameters of UHMWPE fiber laminates

参数	数值	参数	数值
R₀/(kg·m^-3)	1006	K/GPa	2.20
E₁/GPa	34.3	SC/GPa	0.5
E₂/GPa	34.3	XT/GPa	1.25
E₃/GPa	3.26	YT/GPa	1.25
v₁₂	0	YC/GPa	1.90
v₁₃	0.013	ALPH	0.50
v₂₃	0.013	SN/MPa	900
G₁₂/MPa	174	S₂₃/MPa	900
G₂₃/MPa	548	S₁₃/MPa	900
G₁₃/MPa	548

Table 5 Material parameters of carbon fiber laminates

参数	数值	参数	数值
R₀/(kg·m^-3)	1500	S₁₂/MPa	450
E₁/GPa	231	S₁₃/MPa	325
E₂/GPa	231	S₂₃/MPa	325
E₃/GPa	10	XC/GPa	1.47
v₁₂	0.300	YC/GPa	1.47
v₁₃	0.026	ZC/GPa	1.03
v₂₃	0.026	XT/MPa	2160
G₁₂/GPa	4.50	YT/MPa	2160
G₂₃/GPa	1.80	ZT/MPa	71
G₁₃/GPa	1.80

Fig.6 Comparison of experimental and simulated results with different meshes

Table 6 Displacement table of center point of simulated target platemm

靶板类型	最大位移		最终位移
靶板类型	仿真值	实验值	仿真值	实验值
铝板	20.5	19.2	11.4	11.2
UHMWPE纤维层合板	25.5	27	1.5	4.8
碳纤维层合板	14.2	13.2	-0.3	0

Fig.7 Comparison of simulated deformation shapes

Fig.8 Curved target plate calculation model

Fig.9 Stress cloud diagram of flat aluminum plate

Fig.10 Stress cloud diagram of curved aluminum plate

Fig.11 Displayment-time curves of center points of target plates with different structures

Fig.12 Surface force decomposition of curved aluminum plate

Fig.13 Energy absorption diagram of target plate

Table 7 Simulation conditions of explosion-proof shelters

材料类型	TNT 当量/kg	TNT 位置	厚度/ mm
铝合金6061-T6	2	防爆掩体外侧3m、高0.5m处	10
UHMWPE纤维层合板			27
碳纤维层合板			18

Fig.14 1/2 calculation model of explosion-proof shelter

Table 8 Air material parameters

R₀/(kg·m^-3)	C₄/Pa	C₅/Pa	E₀/(J·m^-3)
1.23	0.400	0.400	2.50×10⁵

Table 9 Material parameters of carbon fiber laminates for explosion-proof shelters[24]

参数	数值	参数	数值
R₀/(kg·m^-3)	1600	SC/Pa	1.55×10⁸
E₁/Pa	1.27×10¹¹	XC/Pa	1.47×10⁹
E₂/Pa	8.42×10¹⁰	XT/Pa	2.20×10⁹
v₁₂	0.0205	YT/Pa	4.89×10⁷
G₁₂/Pa	4.21×10⁹	YC/Pa	1.99×10⁸
G₂₃/Pa	4.21×10⁹	G₃₁/Pa	4.21×10⁹

Fig.15 Pressure cloud map of aluminum square explosion-proof shelter at different times

Fig.16 Pressure cloud image of aluminum curved explosion-proof shelter at different time

Fig.17 Final deformation of different shelters

Table 10 Harm of peak overpressure to human body

伤害级别	超压/MPa	伤害程度	伤害情况
1	<0.02	安全	安全无伤
2	0.02~0.03	轻伤	轻微挫伤
3	0.03~0.05	中等	听觉、器官损伤
4	0.05~0.1	严重	内脏受到严重挫伤
5	>0.1	极严重	大部分人死亡

Fig.18 Schematicdiagram of grid selection

Fig.19 Overpressure peaks at different heights inside square explosion-proof shelters made of different materials

Fig.20 Overpressure peaks at different heights inside curved explosion-proof shelters nade of different materials

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