Preparation and Performances of Nano-HMX and TNT Melt-cast Explosives Based on 3D Printing Technology

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2018.07.006

Abstract

Abstract: 3D printing technology is applied in the preparation of melt-cast explosives to solve the problems existing in traditional melt-cast explosives, such as more defects, low density, and poor mechanical properties, etc. An independently developed melt-cast explosive 3D printing principle prototype was used to prepare nano-cyclotetramethylenete-tranitramine (HMX)/2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT)-based melt-cast explosives by selecting the melt-cast explosive formulas and adjusting the process parameters. And the microscopic structures, density, uniformity, compressive strength and detonation velocity of two kinds of melt-cast explosives prepared by 3D printing technology and traditional casting technology are characterized and compared. The results show that 3D printing melt-cast explosives have more compacting internal structures with the density of 1.65 g/cm³, the compressive strength of 5.56 MPa, and the detonation velocity of 7 143 m/s. The density, compressive strength and detonation velocity of 3D printing melt-cast explosive are improved by 2.0%; 273% and 2.1%, respectively, compared to the traditionally prepared melt-cast explosive. Key

Key words: energeticmaterial, melt-castexplosive, 3Dprinting, compressivestrength, detonationvelocity

CLC Number:

TQ564.3
TJ55

XIAO Lei, WANG Qing-hua, LI Wan-hui, LIU Qiao-e, HAO Ga-zi, GAO Xiang-dong, KE Xiang, LIU Jie, JIANG Wei, QIAO Yu, TAN Cheng. Preparation and Performances of Nano-HMX and TNT Melt-cast Explosives Based on 3D Printing Technology[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2018, 39(7): 1291-1298.

References

［1］李小丽, 马剑雄, 李萍, 等. 3D打印技术及应用趋势[J]. 自动化仪表, 2014, 35(1):1-5.
LI Xiao-li, MA Jian-xiong, LI Ping, et al. 3D printing technology and its application trend[J]. Process Automation Instrumentation, 2014, 35(1):1-5. (in Chinese)
[2］ Alberto P, Chriset D B．Direct-write technologies for rapid prototyping applications[M]. San Diego, CA,US: Academic Press, 2002．
[3］ Fletcher R A, Brazin J A, Staymates M E, et al. Fabrication of polymer microsphere particle standards containing trace explosives using an oil/water emulsion solvent extraction piezoelectric printing process[J]. Talanta, 2008, 76(4):949-955.
[4］ Zunino J L， Schmidt D P, Petrock A M. Inkjet printed devices for armament applications[C]∥Nanotechnology 2010: Life Sciences, Medicine, Diagnostics, Bio Materials and Composites—Technical Proceedings of the 2010 NSTI Nanotechnology Conference and Expo. Anaheim, CA, US: Nano Science and Technology Institute, 2010, 2:542-545．
[5］ Ihnen A. Inkjet printing of nanocomposite high-explosive materials for direct write fuzing[C]∥Proceedings of the 54th Annual Fuze Conference. Kansas City, MO, US: National Defense Industrial Association, 2010.
[6］ Brain E F, Amy W, Paula C, et al. Development, performance and use of direct write explosive inks[C]∥Proceedings of the 14th International Detonation Symposium. Coeur d'Alene Resort, ID, US: Office of Naval Research, 2010: 474–481
[7］ Jones R D. Solid fuel grain for a hybrid propulsion system of a rocket and method for manufacturing same: US, US9453479[P]. 2016-09-27.
[8］伍咏晖, 李晓燕, 张曙. 粒状熔融材料三维打印成形系统的设计与研究[J]. 机电产品开发与创新, 2005, 18(6):71-72.
WU Yong-hui, LI Xiao-yan, ZHANG Shu. Design and research of three dimensional printing system with fused material pellet[J]. Development and Innovation of Machinery & Electrical Products, 2005, 18(6):71-72. (in Chinese)
[9］徐林峰. 均匀液滴喷射微制造技术基础研究[D]. 西安:西北工业大学, 2005.
XU Lin-feng. Foundational research on uniform droplets spraying micro-fabrication technology[D]. Xi'an: Northwestern Polytechnical University, 2005. (in Chinese)

[10］许迪. 化学芯片的快速成型技术研究[D]. 南京: 南京理工大学, 2004.
XU Di. Research on rapid prototyping technology of chemical chip[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 2004. (in Chinese)
[11］朱锦珍. 含能芯片快速成型技术研究[D]. 南京: 南京理工大学, 2005.
ZHU Jin-zhen. Research on rapid prototyping technology of energetic chip[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 2005. (in Chinese)
[12］王建. 化学芯片的喷墨快速成型技术研究[D]. 南京: 南京理工大学, 2006.
WANG Jian. Research on rapid inkjet prototyping technology on chemical chip[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 2006. (in Chinese)
[13］汝承博, 张晓婷, 叶迎华, 等. 用于喷墨打印微装药方法的纳米铝热剂含能油墨研究[J]. 火工品, 2013(4):33-36.
RU Cheng-bo, ZHANG Xiao-ting, YE Ying-hua, et al. Study on nano-thermite energetic material for inkjet printing micro-charge method[J]. Initiators & Pyrotechnics, 2013(4):33-36. (in Chinese)
[14］王景龙. 3DP炸药油墨配方设计及制备技术[D]. 太原：中北大学, 2015.
WANG Jing-long. Ink formulation and preparation technology of 3DP explosive [D]. Taiyuan: North University of China, 2015. (in Chinese)
[15］胡松启, 刘茜, 秦少东, 等. 一种基于3D打印的微药柱成型装置及其方法: 中国, CN106431788A[P]. 2017-02-22.
HU Song-qi, LIU Qian, QIN Shao-dong, et al. Micro grain column forming device and method based on 3DP technology: CN, CN106431788A[P]. 2017-02-22. (in Chinese)
[16］陆星宇. 含能材料3D打印实验系统总体设计及工艺参数影响分析[D]. 南京:南京理工大学, 2017.
LU Xing-yu. Design of energetic material 3D printing experimental system and influence analysis of process parameters[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 2017. (in Chinese)
[17］朱珠, 雷林, 罗向东, 等. 含能材料3D打印技术及应用现状研究[J]. 兵工自动化, 2015, 34(6):52-55,70.
ZHU Zhu, LEI Lin, LUO Xiang-dong, et al. Research on application of 3D printing technology of energetic materials[J]. Ordnance Industry Automation, 2015, 34(6):52-55,70. (in Chinese)
[18］孙业斌, 惠君明, 曹欣茂. 军用混合炸药[M]. 北京: 兵器工业出版社, 1995.
SUN Ye-bin, HUI Jun-ming, CAO Xin-mao. Military composite explosive[M]. Beijing: Publishing House of Ordnance Industry, 1995. (in Chinese)
[19］刘德润. 弹药装药工艺学[M]. 北京: 北京工业学院出版社, 1981．
LIU De-run. Ammunition charge technology[M]. Beijing: Beijing Institute of Technology Press, 1981. (in Chinese)
[20］陈国光, 董素荣. 弹药制造工艺学[M]. 北京: 北京理工大学出版社, 2004.
CHEN Guo-guang, DONG Su-rong. Ammunition manufacturing technology[M]. Beijing: Beijing Institute of Technology Press, 2004. (in Chinese)
[21］蒙君煚, 姜振明, 张向荣, 等. 功能助剂对2,4-二硝基苯甲醚基熔铸炸药性能的影响[J]. 兵工学报, 2016, 37(3):424-430.
MENG Jun-jiong, JIANG Zhen-ming, ZHANG Xiang-rong, et al. Effect of functional agents on the performance of 2,4-dinitroanisole-based melt-cast explosives[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2016, 37(3):424-430. (in Chinese)
[22］金大勇, 王亲会, 牛国涛, 等. 一种高固相含量熔铸炸药精密铸装技术[J]. 火工品, 2013(2):40-43.
JIN Da-yong, WANG Qin-hui, NIU Guo-tao, et al. The techno-logy of precise melt-casting charge with high solid contents[J]. Initiators & Pyrotechnics, 2013(2):40-43. (in Chinese)
[23］刘杰, 曾江保, 李青, 等. 机械粉碎法制备纳米HMX及其机械感度研究[J]. 火炸药学报, 2012, 35(6):12-14.
LIU Jie, ZENG Jiang-bao, LI Qing, et al. Mechanical pulverization for nano HMX and study on its mechanical sensitivities[J]. Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants, 2012, 35(6):12-14. (in Chinese)
[24］段爱梅. 一种热塑态真空振动装药工艺[J]. 兵工自动化, 2012, 31(4):21-23.
DUAN Ai-mei. A thermoplastic state vacuum vibration charging technology[J]. Ordnance Industry Automation, 2012, 31(4):21-23. (in Chinese)
[25］谭彦威, 刘玉存, 李东乐. 一种以LLM-105为主体炸药的熔铸炸药[J]. 火工品, 2011(4):26-28.
TAN Yan-wei, LIU Yu-cun, LI Dong-le. Study on a kind of melt-cast explosive using LLM-105 as base explosive[J]. Initiators & Pyrotechnics, 2011(4):26-28. (in Chinese)
[26］王宇, 芮久后, 冯顺山. 装药缺陷对熔铸炸药爆速影响的实验研究[J]. 北京理工大学学报, 2011, 31(7):757-760.
WANG Yu, RUI Jiu-hou, FENG Shun-shan. Experimental research of the charge defects' influence on detonation velocity of melting-cast explosive[J]. Transactions of Beijing Institute of Technology, 2011, 31(7):757-760. (in Chinese)
[27］刘杰. 具有降感特性纳米硝胺炸药的可控制备及应用基础研究[D]. 南京: 南京理工大学, 2015.
LIU Jie. Controlled preparation of lower sensitivity characterized nanometer nitramine explosives and their applied basic research[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 2015. (in Chinese)
[28］ Raut S, Jatti V K S, Khedkar N K, et al. Investigation of the effect of built orientation on mechanical properties and total cost of FDM parts[J]. Procedia Materials Science, 2014, 6:1625-1630.
[29］ Skowyra J, Pietrzak K, Alhnan M A. Fabrication of extended-release patient-tailored prednisolone tablets via fused deposition modelling (FDM) 3D printing[J]. European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2015, 68:11-17.
[30］王天明. 基于颗粒体熔融堆积的高速挤出装置及快速成形工艺理论研究[D]. 上海:上海交通大学, 2006.
WANG Tian-ming. High-speed-extrusion equipment based on fused deposition of bulk material in granulated form and study on the FDM process[D]. Shanghai:Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2006. (in Chinese)

第39卷
第7期2018 年7月兵工学报ACTA
ARMAMENTARIIVol.39No.7Jul.2018

[1]	LI Shurui， DUAN Zhuoping， BAI Zhiling， ZHANG Xu， HUANG Fenglei. Shock Initiation Characteristics of DNAN-based Aluminized Melt-cast Explosive [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2022, 43(6): 1288-1294.
[2]	ZHOU Menglei, NAN Fengqiang, HE Weidong, WANG Moru, DU Ping, WANG Binbin. Influence of Extrusion Deposition 3D Printing Process Parameters on Propellant Size and Tensile Strength [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2022, 43(3): 661-666.
[3]	LIU Ruifeng, WANG Xinjie, HUANG Fenglei, HUANG Hengjian. Macro-meso-scale Cook-off Simulations of DNAN-based Melt-cast Explosives [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2022, 43(2): 287-296.
[4]	DANG Quanyong, GE Yanxin, GAO Yubo. Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Al₂O₃/SiC Composite Ceramic Subjected to Impact Loading [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2022, 43(1): 175-180.
[5]	LI Dongwei， MIAO Feichao， ZHANG Xiangrong， XIONG Guosong， ZHOU Lin， ZHAO Shuangshuang. Dynamic Mechanical Properties of an Insensitive DNAN-based Melt-cast Explosive [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2021, 42(11): 2344-2349.
[6]	MIAO Feichao， ZHOU Lin， ZHANG Xiangrong， CAO Tongtang. Implantation and Application of Ignition and Growth Reaction Rate Equation in LS-DYNA Software [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2019, 40(7): 1411-1417.
[7]	ZHOU Jie， ZHI Xiaoqi， LIU Zide， WANG Xue， WANG Shuai. Analysis of the Heat Transfer Characteristics of DNAN-based Melt-cast Explosive in Slow Cook-off Test [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2019, 40(6): 1154-1160.
[8]	MENG Jun-jiong， ZHOU Lin, JIN Da-yong， NIU Guo-tao, WANG Qin-hui. Effect of Forming Process on Casting Quality of 24-Dinitroanisole-based Casting Explosive [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2018, 39(9): 1719-1726.
[9]	WANG Xin, JIANG Jian-wei, WANG Shu-you, LI Mei. Numerical Simulation on the Initiation of Cylindrical Covered Charge Impacted by Tungsten Sphere Fragment [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2017, 38(8): 1498-1505.
[10]	ZHANG Wei, ZHOU Lin, ZHANG Xiang-rong, YANG Yan-peng, CAO Tong-tang. Experimental Study of Critical Diameter of DNAN-based Aluminized Melt-cast Explosives [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2017, 38(4): 690-694.
[11]	WU Qiang， ZHANG Qing-ming, LONG Ren-rong, GONG Zi-zheng. Perforation Characteristics of Energetic Material Shield Induced by Hypervelocity Impact of Spherical Projectile [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2017, 38(11): 2126-2133.