Advances in Formulation and Damage Assessment of Thermobaric Explosive

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2024.0641

Abstract

Abstract:

Thermobaric explosive is an fuel-rich explosive that can inflict severe damage to facilities and personnel in confined spaces due to the long-term pressure generated by explosion and combustion, as well as high-temperature fireballs. Thermobaric explosive involves the propagation of detonation waves in the charge, the scattering of fuel particles in space, and the subsequent combustion process of fuel particles. The coupling process of multi-scale, multi-material, multi-factor and multi-physical field causes the thermostatic damages, which is a significant area of damage research. This paper primarily discusses the research advances in the theoretical underpinnings of formulation design, the impact of formulation’s primary components on thermobaric explosive performance and the performance evaluation of thermobaric explosive. It highlights that the future developments in thermobaric explosives will focus on the high chemical potential metal fuels and energy release techniques.Models for simulating the performance of thermobaric explosives should also be highly regarded. In conclusion, the formulation design based on large-scale data from simulations and tests will be a mainstay for driving the development of thermobaric explosives.

Key words: thermostatic damage, thermostatic explosive, formulation design, damage assessment, model establishment

CLC Number:

TJ45
TJ55

ZHANG Siwei, ZHANG Pengcheng, WANG Zi, PENG Wenlian, TAN Linghua, ZHANG Xinggao. Advances in Formulation and Damage Assessment of Thermobaric Explosive[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(S1): 147-160.

Figures/Tables 7

References 74

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组分	计算密度/ (g·cm^-3)	测试实际密度/ (g·cm^-3)	计算爆热/ (kJ·kg^-1)	测试实际爆热/ (kJ·kg^-1)	氧平衡/%	参考文献
45HMX/35Al/20HTPB	1.70	1.68	6758.63		-104.7	文献[12]
20RDX/43AP/25Al/12粘合剂	1.85	1.795	8075.84		-50.22	文献[13]
55RDX/30Al/15粘结剂	1.71		8188.49		-86.45	文献[14]
35RDX/50Al/15粘结剂	1.83		5267.02		-99.92	文献[14]
64HMX/30Al/6粘结剂	1.95		9246.54	7708	-59.67	文献[14]
64RDX/20Al/16粘结剂	1.65		7428.35		-82.69	文献[15]
54RDX/40Al/6粘结剂	1.88		7977.48		-66.40	文献[16]
44RDX/50Al/6粘结剂	2.01		6495.44		-73.13	文献[16]
43RDX/30Al/21AP/6粘结剂	1.91	1.85	9135.69		-47.98	文献[17]
67RDX/30Al/3蜡	1.96	1.87	9409.53	8063	-51.45	文献[10]
57RDX/40Al/3蜡	2.03	1.95	8402.53	8598	-58.18	文献[10]
44HMX/31Al/15AP/10HTPB	1.87		9013.79	8708	-63.90	文献[18]
52CL-20/32Al/10AP/6氟橡胶	2.13	2.02	9811.35	8361	-42.69	文献[11]
63HMX/30A1/7粘结剂	1.92		9154.94		-62.64	文献[19]
35RDX/20AP/35A1/10粘结剂	1.86		8524.74		-63.81	文献[19]
45HMX/21Al/9Mg/10AP/15HTPB	1.71	1.70	8243.44		-78.80	文献[20]
35HMX/21Al/9Mg/20AP/15HTPB	1.72	1.66	8230.41		-73.23	文献[20]
38HMX/24Al/6Mg/15AP/17HTPB	1.70	1.58	8322.33		-82.66	文献[20]
50HMX/21Al/9Mg/20HTPB	1.63	1.64	7437.047		-99.24	文献[20]

组分	计算密度/ (g·cm^-3)	测试实际密度/ (g·cm^-3)	计算爆热/ (kJ·kg^-1)	测试实际爆热/ (kJ·kg^-1)	氧平衡/%	参考文献
45HMX/35Al/20HTPB	1.70	1.68	6758.63		-104.7	文献[12]
20RDX/43AP/25Al/12粘合剂	1.85	1.795	8075.84		-50.22	文献[13]
55RDX/30Al/15粘结剂	1.71		8188.49		-86.45	文献[14]
35RDX/50Al/15粘结剂	1.83		5267.02		-99.92	文献[14]
64HMX/30Al/6粘结剂	1.95		9246.54	7708	-59.67	文献[14]
64RDX/20Al/16粘结剂	1.65		7428.35		-82.69	文献[15]
54RDX/40Al/6粘结剂	1.88		7977.48		-66.40	文献[16]
44RDX/50Al/6粘结剂	2.01		6495.44		-73.13	文献[16]
43RDX/30Al/21AP/6粘结剂	1.91	1.85	9135.69		-47.98	文献[17]
67RDX/30Al/3蜡	1.96	1.87	9409.53	8063	-51.45	文献[10]
57RDX/40Al/3蜡	2.03	1.95	8402.53	8598	-58.18	文献[10]
44HMX/31Al/15AP/10HTPB	1.87		9013.79	8708	-63.90	文献[18]
52CL-20/32Al/10AP/6氟橡胶	2.13	2.02	9811.35	8361	-42.69	文献[11]
63HMX/30A1/7粘结剂	1.92		9154.94		-62.64	文献[19]
35RDX/20AP/35A1/10粘结剂	1.86		8524.74		-63.81	文献[19]
45HMX/21Al/9Mg/10AP/15HTPB	1.71	1.70	8243.44		-78.80	文献[20]
35HMX/21Al/9Mg/20AP/15HTPB	1.72	1.66	8230.41		-73.23	文献[20]
38HMX/24Al/6Mg/15AP/17HTPB	1.70	1.58	8322.33		-82.66	文献[20]
50HMX/21Al/9Mg/20HTPB	1.63	1.64	7437.047		-99.24	文献[20]

样本号	真空/g	空气/g	组分	装药密度/(g·cm^-3)
R₁	25.0332	25.0215	60RDX/35Al(Al6)/5binder	1.775
R₂	25.0998	25.0097	60RDX/35Al (14%Al6+ Al13)/5binder	1.738
R₃	25.0886	25.0695	60RDX/35Al (14%Al6+ Al24)/5binder	1.722
R₄	25.1532	25.1237	60RDX/35Al(14%Al6+Alflake)/5binder	1.757

样本号	真空/g	空气/g	组分	装药密度/(g·cm^-3)
R₁	25.0332	25.0215	60RDX/35Al(Al6)/5binder	1.775
R₂	25.0998	25.0097	60RDX/35Al (14%Al6+ Al13)/5binder	1.738
R₃	25.0886	25.0695	60RDX/35Al (14%Al6+ Al24)/5binder	1.722
R₄	25.1532	25.1237	60RDX/35Al(14%Al6+Alflake)/5binder	1.757