Magnetic Field Analysis and Thrust Fluctuation Optimization of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Linear Motor for Electromagnetic Launch

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2023.0252

Abstract

Abstract:

The magnetic field analysis and thrust fluctuation optimization of a permanent magnet synchronous linear motor for electromagnetic launch are performed by establishing an analytical model of the magnetic field of a single-sided motor for electromagnetic launch. The magnetic fields of the secondary Halbach permanent magnet array and the primary six-phase winding are analyzed to obtain the air-gap magnetic field distribution by using the vector magnetic potential and boundary conditions, and then the functional relationship between the electromagnetic thrust and the main structural parameters of single-sided motor is established. The pole arc coefficient and thickness of permanent magnet array, and width and thickness of primary winding are selected as optimization variables, and the optimal combination of design variables is found by using genetic algorithm to minimize the ripple of the unilateral electromagnetic thrust of single-sided motor. The analysis shows that the accuracy of magnetic field analysis results is high, and the calculation error of electromagnetic thrust meets the needs of engineering analysis. The average thrust of the optimized single-sided motor is increased by 1.21%, and the peak-to-average force ratio is decreased by 62.688%. The correctness of theoretical derivation and the rationality of the optimization method are verified by comparing the analyzed and simulated results.

Key words: permanent magnet synchronous linear motor, electromagnetic launch, magnetic field analysis, thrust calculation, thrust fluctuation

CLC Number:

TM359.4

JIA Guangyong, SUN Zhaolong, HUANG Chuibing, ZHOU Weichang, MAO Yinhao, LEI Zhaoran. Magnetic Field Analysis and Thrust Fluctuation Optimization of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Linear Motor for Electromagnetic Launch[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(7): 2159-2170.

Figures/Tables 24

Fig.1 Single-sided structure of permanent magnet synchronous linear motor for electromagnetic launch

Table 1 Initial structural parameters of launch motor

参数	数值	参数	数值
相数	6	绕组间距/mm	2
极距/mm	72	气隙长度/mm	5
铁芯长度/mm	3742	永磁阵列极对数	6
铁芯厚度/mm	12	永磁阵列厚度/mm	10
绕组截面积/mm²	30	永磁阵列高度/mm	275
绕组极对数	26	径向充磁永磁体宽度/mm	28.8
绕组宽度/mm	10	轴向充磁永磁体宽度/mm	43.2
绕组厚度/mm	3	绕组高度/mm	259.6

Fig.2 Analytical model of single-sided motor magnetic field

Fig.3 Analytical magnetic field model of Halbach permanent magnet array

Fig.4 Simulation model of finite element two-dimensional static magnetic field of secondary permanent magnet array

Fig.5 Comparison of air-gap flux density waveforms of Halbach permanent magnet array

Fig.6 Analytical model of primary winding magnetic field

Fig.7 Simulation model of finite element two-dimensional transient field of primary six-phase winding

Fig.8 Comparison of air gap magnetic density waveforms of primary six-phase winding

Fig.9 Simulation model of finite element two-dimensional transient field of single-sided motor

Fig.10 Comparison of magnetic flux density waveforms at the center line of air gap at different times

Fig.11 Model for calculating the electromagnetic thrust of single-sided motor

Fig.12 Verification of electromagnetic thrust of single-sided motor

Fig.13 Relationship among polar arc coefficient with average thrust and peak-to-peak thrust fluctuations

Fig.14 Relationship among permanent magnet array height with average thrust and peak-to-peak thrust fluctuations

Fig.15 Relationship among winding width with average thrust and peak-to-peak thrust fluctuations

Fig.16 Relationship among winding height with average thrust and peak-to-peak thrust fluctuations

Table 2 Design variable constraint scope

最大值与最小值	设计变量
最大值与最小值	α_p	h_m/mm	ω_c/mm	h_c/mm
最大值	0.9	12	11	7
最小值	0.1	8	7	3

Fig.17 Relevance matrix

Fig.18 Response surface of average thrust

Fig.19 Response surface of the peak-to-peak of thrust fluctuations

Table 3 Design variables to optimise the combination of results

组别	优化变量
组别	α_p	h_m/mm	ω_c/mm	h_c/mm
第1组	0.3203	10.1	11.4	5.1
第2组	0.8605	11.654	11.623	3.508
第3组	0.8553	11.6	7.9	6.7

Fig.20 Unilateral electromagnetic thrust waveform under optimal combination of different variables

Table 4 Comparison of thrust fluctuation optimization results

组别	设计变量优化值
组别	单边平均推力F_x_avg/kN	峰均力比百分值/%
原始组	19.287 2	0.607 8
第1组	18.956 7	0.173 4
第2组	19.521 8	0.226 8
第3组	19.931 8	0.509 6

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