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兵工学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (5): 547-553.doi: 10. 3969/ j. issn. 1000-1093. 2013. 05. 006

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

纳米CuO/ AP/ HTPB 含能复合颗粒的制备与表征

徐娟1, 马振叶1, 查明霞1, 赵凤起2   

  1. 1. 南京师范大学化学与材料科学学院, 江苏南京210097; 2. 西安近代化学研究所火炸药燃烧国防科技重点实验室, 陕西西安710065
  • 上线日期:2013-07-22
  • 通讯作者: 徐娟 E-mail:xujuannanshida@163. com
  • 作者简介:徐娟(1987—),女,硕士研究生。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(50702025);总装备部装备预研基金重点项目(9140C350302120C3501)

Preparation and Characterization of CuO/ AP/ HTPB Energetic Nanocomposites

XU Juan1, MA Zhen-ye1, ZHA Ming-xia1, ZHAO Feng-qi2   

  1. 1. College of Chemical and Material Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, Jiangsu, China; 2. Science and Technology on Combustion and Explosion Laboratory, Xi蒺an Modern Chemistry Institute, Xi蒺an 710065, Shaanxi China
  • Online:2013-07-22
  • Contact: XU Juan E-mail:xujuannanshida@163. com

摘要:

针对复合推进剂中超细AP (高氯酸铵)易吸湿、团聚以及纳米催化剂易团聚的问题,在不引入非推进剂配方成分的前提下,制备了纳米CuO/ AP/ HTPB (端羟基聚丁二烯) 复合颗粒。先采用新颖的陶瓷膜-反溶剂法制备纳米CuO/ AP 复合颗粒,然后采用溶剂蒸发法在其表面包覆HT- PB,制得纳米CuO/ AP/ HTPB 复合颗粒。采用SEM、HRTEM、FT-IR、ICP 和XRD 等手段对复合颗粒的粒径、形貌、结构和组成进行表征,并测定了复合颗粒的吸湿性能。结果表明,纳米CuO/ AP/ HT- PB 复合颗粒中纳米CuO 均匀分散,HTPB 在外层均匀膜包覆;复合颗粒呈现为粒径不大于6 滋m的规整六面体,防潮性能优越。纳米CuO/ AP/ HTPB 复合颗粒的制备,可实现纳米CuO 颗粒均分散、超细AP 制备、超细AP 防团聚及防潮,可望显著提升复合推进剂的综合性能。

关键词: 材料合成与加工工艺, CuO, AP, HTPB, 复合颗粒, 推进剂

Abstract:

To solve the problems of moisture absorption and aggregation of superfine AP (ammonium per- chlorate) and the aggregation of nano-sized catalysts in composite propellants, the CuO/ AP/ HTPB (hy- droxyl-terminated polybutadiene) nanocomposites are prepared without introduction of other non-compo- nents of the composite propellants. Firstly, the CuO/ AP nanocomposites are prepared by a novel ceramic membrane anti-solvent crystallization method, and then the CuO/ AP/ HTPB nanocomposites are prepared by solvent evaporating method. The size, morphology and structure of the resultant nanocomposites are characterized by SEM, HRTEM, FT-IR, ICP and XRD. The moisture absorption property of the nano- composites is also investigated. The results show that the CuO/ AP/ HTPB nanocomposites particles are the hexahedrons with the size of no more than 6 滋m, and CuO nanoparticles exhibit better dispersion. The outer compact HTPB shell could prevent the moisture absorption of the superfine AP effectively.

Key words: material synthesis and processing technology, CuO, AP, HTPB, composite materal, propellant

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