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兵工学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (6): 240521-.doi: 10.12382/bgxb.2024.0521

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活性弹丸侵彻陶瓷靶板爆裂毁伤行为研究

刘澳昕, 张甲浩, 周晟, 李沛豫, 陈鹏万, 刘睿, 王海福*()   

  1. 北京理工大学 爆炸科学与安全防护全国重点实验室, 北京 100081
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-01 上线日期:2025-06-28
  • 通讯作者:
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(12132003)

Research on Blasting Damage Behavior of Reactive Projectile Penetrating into Ceramic Target

LIU Aoxin, ZHANG Jiahao, ZHOU Sheng, LI Peiyu, CHEN Pengwan, LIU Rui, WANG Haifu*()   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Safety Protection, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
  • Received:2024-07-01 Online:2025-06-28

摘要:

为揭示活性弹丸侵彻陶瓷靶板爆裂毁伤机理,开展活性弹丸冲击陶瓷靶板弹道碰撞实验,得到不同撞击速度下活性弹丸侵彻陶瓷靶板的爆裂毁伤行为及靶板碎片云飞散特性。基于一维应力波理论、活性材料激活假设,分析活性弹丸冲击激活行为。结合伯努利公式建立活性弹丸侵彻陶瓷靶板爆裂毁伤行为分析模型。综合实验及理论对不同速度下活性弹丸侵彻陶瓷靶板的爆裂毁伤行为进行讨论,从靶板毁伤模式、弹丸激活特性、靶后碎片云飞散特性等方面开展深入分析。分析结果表明:爆燃反应对活性弹丸侵彻陶瓷靶板的作用行为影响显著;随着速度的增大,活性弹丸爆燃反应更加剧烈,对靶板毁伤效应增强,陶瓷靶板毁伤程度不断加剧,毁伤模式从整体开裂到中心开坑四周辐射,随后演化为爆裂破碎;随着速度的增大,冲击形成陶瓷锥质量不断增大,陶瓷碎片飞散速度先增大后减小,靶后碎片云形态呈现由类截椭圆到梭镖状的变化趋势。

关键词: 活性弹丸, 弹道碰撞试验, 陶瓷材料, 爆裂毁伤行为, 碎片云

Abstract:

The blasting damage mechanism of reactive projectile penetrating into a ceramic target is studied through the ballistic impact experiment. The blasting damage behaviors of reactive projectile penetrating into the ceramic target at different impact velocities and the dispersion characteristics of debris cloud are obtained from the experimen. Based on the one-dimensional stress wave theory and the activation hypothesis of reactive material,the impact initiation behavior of reactive projectile is analyzed. Furthermore,a theoretical model describing the blasting damage behavior of reactive projectile penetrating into the ceramic target is developed by combining the Bernoulli formula. The blasting damage behavior of reactive projectile penetrating into the ceramic target at different velocities are discussed based on experiment and theoretical model. The damage pattern of target,the initiation characteristics of projectile and the dispersion characteristics of debris cloud are analyzed. The results show that the deflagration reaction has a significant effect on the blasting damage behavior of the reactive projectile penetrating into the ceramic target. With the increase of impact velocity,the deflagration reaction of reactive projectile gets more intense,therefore enhancing the damage effect on the target and continuously intensifying the damage degree of ceramic target. The damage pattern of ceramic target evolves from the overall cracking to the global cracking around the central invasion hole,and gradually to the blasting fragmentation. As the impact velocity increases,the mass of the ceramic cone formed by the impact increases continuously. The dispersion velocity of ceramic debris increases first and then decreases. The morphological characteristics of debris cloud behind the target shows a trend of changing from the truncated ellipse to the dart-like shape.

Key words: reactive projectile, ballistic impact experiment, ceramic material, blasting damage behavior, debris cloud

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