一种双面感压式光纤土压力传感器

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2023.0932

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对现有的光纤光栅式土压力传感器易因光栅受力不均匀而导致光栅反射谱展宽甚至出现啁啾而降低测量精度等问题,基于菱形金属框架结构和金属化光纤光栅设计制作了一种双面感压式土压力传感器,将光纤光栅直接焊接固定在菱形金属结构对角线的两端,通过菱形金属结构将外界压力放大后作用于光栅两端,使得光栅栅区始终处于悬空且均匀受力状态,避免了光栅受力不均匀导致的光谱展宽及啁啾现象,采用焊接工艺避免了胶粘带来的蠕变、老化、失效等问题,保证了传感器较高的测量精度和较好的长期稳定性。理论分析和实验结果表明,研制的光纤式土压力传感器波长-压力灵敏度系数约为624pm/MPa,量程为3.5MPa。

关键词: 土压力传感器, 光纤光栅, 菱形金属结构, 双面感压

Abstract:

The existing fiber Bragg grating (FBG) soil-pressure sensors are prone to cause the broadening or even chirping of reflection spectrum due to the uneven stress of FBG, which reduces the measurement accuracy. A soil pressure sensor with double sensitive surfaces is designed and fabricated based on a diamond metal frame and a metalized FBG. The FBG is directly welded and fixed at both ends of the diagonal of diamond metal structure. The external pressure is applied to both ends of the grating after it is amplified by the diamond metal structure, so that the FBG is always suspended and tensioned with uniform stress. Therefore, the reflection spectrum broadening and chirping caused by uneven force on the FBG are avoided. The welding process is used to avoid the problems of creep, aging and failure caused by adhesive, and the high measuring accuracy and long-term stability of the sensor are improved. The analyzed and experimental results show that the wavelength-pressure sensitivity coefficient of the FBG soil pressure sensor is 624pm/MPa and the measuring range is 3.5MPa.

Key words: soil pressure sensor, fiber Bragg grating, diamond metal structure, double-sided pressure sensing

中图分类号:

TP212

周会娟, 余尚江, 陈晋央, 陈显, 孟晓洁. 一种双面感压式光纤土压力传感器[J]. 兵工学报, 2023, 44(S1): 132-137.

ZHOU Huijuan, YU Shangjiang, CHEN Jinyang, CHEN Xian, MENG Xiaojie. An Optical Fiber Soil Pressure Sensor with Double Sensitive Surfaces[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(S1): 132-137.

图/表 11

图1 研制的光纤光栅土压力传感器内部结构示意图

Fig.1 Structural diagram of the FBG soil pressure sensor

图2 研制的光纤光栅土压力传感器受力分析示意图

Fig.2 Stress analysis of the FBG sensor

图3 菱形结构光纤光栅实物照片

Fig.3 Photo of FBG with diamond structure

图4 菱形结构受压状态下应力分布

Fig.4 Stress distribution of diamond structure under compression

图5 菱形结构受压状态下结构变形

Fig.5 Structural deformation of diamond structure under compression

图6 菱形结构受拉状态下应力分布

Fig.6 Stress distribution of diamond structure under tension

图7 菱形结构受拉状态下结构变形

Fig.7 Structural deformation of diamond structure under tension

表1 仿真结果

Table 1 Simulated results

工况	载荷/ MPa	最大应力/ MPa	Y方向总位移/μm	X方向总位移/μm
工况1	-3.33	276	338	130
工况2	3.33	276	338	130

图8 研制的光纤光栅土压力传感器实物照片

Fig.8 Photo of FBG soil pressure sensor

图9 研制的光纤光栅土压力传感器标定结果

Fig.9 Calibrated results of FBG soil pressure sensor

图10 研制的光纤光栅土压力传感器灵敏度系数标定结果

Fig.10 Calibrated results of sensitivity coefficient of FBG soil pressure sensor

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