扫频式干扰对超宽带无线电引信干扰机理

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2022.0088

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对超宽带引信实施干扰,需要在分析超宽带引信的工作原理、瞄准式干扰与扫频式干扰信号特征基础上,构建干扰信号与超宽带无线电引信交互作用模型。以信干比增益为表征参量,解析推导干扰信号作用下超宽带引信从接收干扰信号到接收机相关输出部分的处理增益,并进行仿真实验,理论计算、仿真结果与实验室静态对抗实验结果相吻合。研究结果表明:与点频干扰相比,扫频调幅类干扰是对超宽带无线电引信成功实施干扰的有效敏感波形样式,其中正弦波调幅类干扰效果最优;通过合理设置扫频式干扰参数,可以有效提高干扰效果。

关键词: 超宽带无线电引信, 干扰机理, 干扰信号, 扫频式干扰

Abstract:

An interference waveform pattern is studied for effective interference to UWB radio fuze. An interaction model of UWB radio fuze and periodically modulated interference signal are established. Based on the signal-to-interference ratio gain, the response characteristics of the fuze are analyzed under different noises, sine-wave amplitude modulation signals, sine-wave frequency modulation (FM) signals, and swept-frequency sinusoidal amplitude modulation (AM) signals. The simulated results are consistent with the theoretical values and verified by laboratory static confrontation tests. The results show that the swept-frequency AM interference is the most effective interference mode, and sine-wave AM interference is the best. By reasonably setting the parameters of the frequency sweep interference, the interference effect can be effectively improved.

Key words: ultra-wideband radio fuze, interference mechanism, interference signal, sweep interference

董二娃, 郝新红, 闫晓鹏, 于洪海. 扫频式干扰对超宽带无线电引信干扰机理[J]. 兵工学报, 2023, 44(4): 1006-1014.

DONG Erwa, HAO Xinhong, YAN Xiaopeng, YU Honghai. Research on Interference Mechanism of Swept-frequency Jamming to UWB Radio Fuze[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(4): 1006-1014.

图/表 17

图1 超宽带引信原理框图

Fig.1 Block diagram of UWB radio fuze

图2 高斯信号各阶导数的频域图

Fig.2 Normalized spectrogram of Gaussian derivatives

图3 发射信号时域波形图

Fig.3 Time domain waveform of emission signals

图4 未加调制的发射信号频谱图

Fig.4 Unmodulated normalized spectrogram of emission signal

图5 调制系数为0.3的发射信号频谱图

Fig.5 Normalized spectrogram of emission signal with a modulation coefficient of 0.3

表1 不同类型干扰信号作用下超宽带引信相关检测的处理增益表达式

Table 1 Processing gain expression of UWB fuze correlation detection under different types of interference signals

干扰信号	相关检测处理增益G
正弦干扰	$A 2 T r {∑ i = 0 N - 1 R [2 v r (i T + X i - X 0) c]} 2 N E \| H (f j) \| 2$
正弦波调幅	$A 2 E N 2 (1 + m a 2 2) · T \| H (f j) \| 2 + m a 2 2 [\| H (f j + f d j) \| 2 + \| H (f j - f d j) \| 2]$
正弦波调频	$A 2 E N 2 T \| H (f j) \| 2$

表1 不同类型干扰信号作用下超宽带引信相关检测的处理增益表达式

Table 1 Processing gain expression of UWB fuze correlation detection under different types of interference signals

干扰信号	相关检测处理增益G
正弦干扰	$A 2 T r {∑ i = 0 N - 1 R [2 v r (i T + X i - X 0) c]} 2 N E \| H (f j) \| 2$
正弦波调幅	$A 2 E N 2 (1 + m a 2 2) · T \| H (f j) \| 2 + m a 2 2 [\| H (f j + f d j) \| 2 + \| H (f j - f d j) \| 2]$
正弦波调频	$A 2 E N 2 T \| H (f j) \| 2$

表2 不同干扰情况下引信信干比增益仿真结果

Table 2 SIR gains of the fuze in different jamming situations

干扰方式	信干比增益理论值/dB	信干比增益仿真值/dB
噪声干扰	36	36.2009
正弦波调频干扰	23	23.5093
正弦波调幅干扰	20	20.5837

图6 干扰频率为最佳干扰频率时引信输出波形

Fig.6 Output waveform of the fuze with an optimal jamming frequency

图7 干扰频率偏离最佳干扰频率时引信输出波形

Fig.7 Output waveform of the fuze when jamming frequency deviates from optimal jamming frequency

图8 引信输出波形(扫频范围为fp±1000、点数为20)

Fig.8 Relevant output waveform of the fuze (sweep frequency range: fp±1000, number of points: 20)

图9 引信输出波形(扫频范围为fp±550、点数为20)

Fig.9 Outputwaveform of the fuze (sweep frequency range: fp±550, number of points: 20)

图10 引信输出波形(扫频范围为fp±350、点数为20)

Fig.10 Outputwaveform of the fuze (sweep frequency range: fp±350, number of points: 20)

图11 引信输出波形(扫频范围为[fp-800, fp-300]、点数为20)

Fig.11 Output waveform of the fuze (sweep frequency range: [fp-800,fp-300], number of points: 20)

图12 引信输出波形(扫频范围为fp±350、点数为400)

Fig.12 Output waveform of the fuze (sweep frequency range: fp±350, number of points: 400)

图13 超宽带引信干扰测试场景图

Fig.13 Interference test scene of UWB radio fuze

表3 不同干扰、不同信干比情况下引信启动情况

Table 3 Fuze actuation at different jamming signals and SIRs

干扰方式	信干比/dB
干扰方式	-10	-20	-30	-40
噪声干扰	×	×	×	√
正弦波调幅干扰	×	×	√	√
正弦波调频干扰	×	×	√	√
正弦波调幅扫频干扰	×	√	√	√

表4 正弦波调幅扫频式干扰下引信启动情况

Table 4 Fuze activation under sine wave amplitude modulation sweep frequency interference

干扰样式	扫频带宽/ GHz	扫频点数	引信30s内启动次数
	[3,5]	500	1
	[3,5]	200	3
	[3,5]	50	6
正弦波调幅	[3.5, 4.5]	500	4
扫频式干扰	[3.5, 4.5]	200	5
	[3.5, 4.5]	50	9
	[3.7, 4.3]	500	6
	[3.7, 4.3]	200	13
	[3.7, 4.3]	50	13

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