活性内芯侵爆结构侵彻多层间隔靶自分布释能机理与模型研究

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2024.0876

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

活性内芯侵爆结构作用多层目标展现独特的自分布爆燃释能、力化耦合时空穿爆特性,在靶后空间形成多峰值、长持续爆燃反应超压,爆燃反应演化行为与靶后超压形成机理复杂。针对这种独特的释能行为,开展不同速度侵爆结构侵彻间隔结构靶试验,建立描述活性内芯靶后空间爆燃行为的等效爆燃点模型与活性材料爆燃超压模型,揭示侵爆结构侵彻多层间隔靶后自由场超压特性形成机理。研究结果表明:侵爆结构以594~819m/s碰撞结构靶,产生对应范围为2.54~3.92GPa的碰撞应力,均在第3层靶板出现最大超压峰值,超压峰值随着碰撞速度的增加从0.0607MPa增加至0.246MPa;依据等效爆燃点模型,侵爆结构在靶后20.73mm距离内发生剧烈爆燃反应;侵爆结构头部厚度、碰撞速度、靶板厚度等参数通过影响有效激活芯体质量耦合影响爆燃超压峰值。通过对比试验数据与拟合模型,验证了活性材料爆燃超压模型的准确性,可为侵爆结构后效毁伤研究提供支撑。

关键词: 活性内芯侵爆结构, 靶后超压, 活性材料, 多层结构靶

Abstract:

The reactive filling structure exhibits a unique behavior of self-distributed deflagration and energy release,along with mechanically and chemically coupled dynamic characteristics when penetrating multi-layered plates.This results in a multi-peak,long-duration deflagration overpressure behind the plates,featuring a complex evolution and waveform mechanism of the deflagration process.To better understand this distinctive energy-releasing behavior,overpressure signals were recorded during experiments that involved the reactive filling structure penetrating multi-layered plates at various velocities.An equivalent deflagration position model and theories for deflagration overpressure were developed to clarify the waveform characteristics of deflagration shock wave.Experimental results show that the third collision produced the maximum peak overpressure.,which increased from 0.0607MPa to 0.246MPa as the velocity rose from 594m/s to 819m/s(the impact stress in the range of 2.54GPa to 3.92GPa).The equivalent deflagration model indicates that the intense deflagration reaction occurred within a distance of 20.73mm behind the plates.The peak deflagration overpressure is influenced by several factors,including thickness of the structure's head,the impact velocity,and the thickness of plates,all of which affect the effective initiated mass of the reactive filling.The analytical model aligns well with the experimental results,providing credible support for further investigations into the after-effects of the reactive filling structure.

Key words: reactive filling structure, behind-plate overpressure, reactive materials, multi-layered plates

中图分类号:

TJ04

向镜安, 王海福, 闫月光, 曲利峰, 葛超. 活性内芯侵爆结构侵彻多层间隔靶自分布释能机理与模型研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2025, 46(8): 240876-.

XIANG Jing'an, WANG Haifu, YAN Yueguang, QU Lifeng, GE Chao. Mechanism and Theoretical Model of Self-distributed Energy Release Behavior on Reactive Filling Structure Penetrating Multi-layered Plates[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2025, 46(8): 240876-.

图/表 18

图1 活性内芯侵爆结构

Fig.1 Diagram of penetration structure

图2 试验测试系统与现场布置

Fig.2 Experimental setup and the test system

图3 不同速度试验弹侵彻高速摄影图像

Fig.3 high-speed phototagraphy of different velocities

图4 侵爆结构多峰长时爆燃冲击波超压特性

Fig.4 The deflagration shock wave overpressure phenomenon showing the typical multi-peak overpressure and enlarged positive pressure duration of penetration structure

图5 不同速度各测点超压曲线

Fig.5 Deflagration shock wave overpressure history of different testing sensors

表1 594m/s爆燃冲击波峰值特性

Table 1 Peak characteristics of deflagration shock wave overpressure at 594m/s

参数	1号传感器			2号传感器			3号传感器	4号传感器
峰值序号	$p 11$	$p 12$	$p 13$	$p 21$	$p 22$	$p 23$	$p 31$	$p 41$	$p 42$	$p 43$	$p 44$
峰值幅值/MPa	0.019	0.014	0.013	0.011	0.009	0.007	0.061	0.048	0.056	0.017	0.083
到达时刻/ms	4.90	5.80	6.60	7.26	8.64	10.37	15.17	16.32	18.71	20.51	22.77
正压作用持续时间/ms	6.858			18.648			4.759	19.495

表1 594m/s爆燃冲击波峰值特性

Table 1 Peak characteristics of deflagration shock wave overpressure at 594m/s

参数	1号传感器			2号传感器			3号传感器	4号传感器
峰值序号	$p 11$	$p 12$	$p 13$	$p 21$	$p 22$	$p 23$	$p 31$	$p 41$	$p 42$	$p 43$	$p 44$
峰值幅值/MPa	0.019	0.014	0.013	0.011	0.009	0.007	0.061	0.048	0.056	0.017	0.083
到达时刻/ms	4.90	5.80	6.60	7.26	8.64	10.37	15.17	16.32	18.71	20.51	22.77
正压作用持续时间/ms	6.858			18.648			4.759	19.495

表2 616m/s爆燃冲击波峰值特性

Table 2 Peak characteristics of deflagration shock wave overpressure at 616m/s

参数	1号传感器		2号传感器		3号传感器			4号传感器
峰值序号	$p 11$	$p 12$	$p 21$	$p 22$	$p 31$	$p 32$	$p 33$	$p 41$	$p 42$	$p 43$
峰值幅值/MPa	0.021	0.037	0.027	0.058	0.109	0.062	0.249	0.071	0.177	0.174
到达时刻/ms	3.81	5.91	6.88	10.67	15.78	18.281	19.983	19.921	22.689	26.455
正压作用持续时间/ms	5.760		9.652		21.142			23.909

表2 616m/s爆燃冲击波峰值特性

Table 2 Peak characteristics of deflagration shock wave overpressure at 616m/s

参数	1号传感器		2号传感器		3号传感器			4号传感器
峰值序号	$p 11$	$p 12$	$p 21$	$p 22$	$p 31$	$p 32$	$p 33$	$p 41$	$p 42$	$p 43$
峰值幅值/MPa	0.021	0.037	0.027	0.058	0.109	0.062	0.249	0.071	0.177	0.174
到达时刻/ms	3.81	5.91	6.88	10.67	15.78	18.281	19.983	19.921	22.689	26.455
正压作用持续时间/ms	5.760		9.652		21.142			23.909

表3 819m/s爆燃冲击波峰值特性

Table 3 Peak characteristics of deflagration shock wave overpressure at 819m/s

参数	1号传感器		2号传感器		3号传感器		4号传感器
峰值序号	$p 11$	$p 12$	$p 21$	$p 22$	$p 31$	$p 32$	$p 41$	$p 42$	$p 43$
峰值幅值/MPa	0.037	0.071	0.040	0.025	0.246	0.0283	0.097	0.416	0.164
到达时刻/ms	4.14	5.28	5.82	7.66	10.86	12.17	11.34	14.40	17.66
正压作用持续时间/ms	6.045		6.623		2.566		21.570

表3 819m/s爆燃冲击波峰值特性

Table 3 Peak characteristics of deflagration shock wave overpressure at 819m/s

参数	1号传感器		2号传感器		3号传感器		4号传感器
峰值序号	$p 11$	$p 12$	$p 21$	$p 22$	$p 31$	$p 32$	$p 41$	$p 42$	$p 43$
峰值幅值/MPa	0.037	0.071	0.040	0.025	0.246	0.0283	0.097	0.416	0.164
到达时刻/ms	4.14	5.28	5.82	7.66	10.86	12.17	11.34	14.40	17.66
正压作用持续时间/ms	6.045		6.623		2.566		21.570

图6 3种碰撞速度 p i 1爆燃超压峰值

Fig.6 Peak overpressure p i 1 of three velocities

图7 3种碰撞速度正压作用持续时间

Fig.7 Positive overpressure duration of three velocities

图8 测点超压规律相似性

Fig.8 Similarity of overpressure

图9 弹靶作用体系内波系传播

Fig.9 Schematic of the wave interaction

图10 活性内芯有效激活质量与碰撞速度变化规律

Fig.10 Effective initiated mass of different impact velocities

图11 靶后等效爆燃点示意图

Fig.11 Schematic diagram of effective deflagration point

表4 不同工况等效爆燃点参数

Table 4 Equivalent deflagration point parameters of different velocities

参数	v/(m·s^-1)	1号靶	2号靶	3号靶	4号靶
v_r_i/(m·s^-1)	594	482.19	435.76	242.41	32.00
	616	512.32	483.12	280.64	200.00
	819	752.42	720.02	430.92	380.00
τ_i/μs	594	60.73	78.49	89.35	210.66
	616	58.14	72.76	78.30	166.08
	819	41.72	45.98	48.39	90.66
t_i/μs	594	74.34	32.68	88.47	109.33
	616	70.90	30.14	78.56	62.42
	819	50.91	20.37	52.13	37.00
τ_i-t_i/μs	594	-13.61	45.81	0.88	101.33
	616	-12.76	42.62	-0.25	103.66
	819	-9.18	25.61	-3.75	53.66
x_ED_i/mm	594	-6.56	19.96	0.21	3.24
	616	-6.54	20.59	-0.07	20.73
	819	-6.91	18.44	-1.61	20.39

图12 侵爆结构穿靶瞬间爆燃火光发展

Fig.12 Deflagration flame development after penetration

图13 活性内芯爆燃超压p与 r ¯变化规律

Fig.13 p- r ¯ curve of reactive filling deflagration

图14 不同速度活性内芯多次爆燃超压

Fig.14 Multi-peak overpressure prediction at different velocities

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