基于DP-TPMSLM原理的电磁复进机推力波动抑制

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2024.0800

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

鉴于现有复进机结构复杂,难以满足复进过程实时可控性的要求,提出一种基于双初级圆筒型永磁同步直线电机(Double Primary Tubular Permanent Magnet Synchronous Linear Motor,DP-TPMSLM)原理的电磁复进机。通过分析复进过程各部件受力情况,建立复进运动微分方程,明确了所需复进机力的大小;对于DP-TPMSLM,齿槽效应和端部效应的解耦以及端部结构的改进,有效地抑制了定位力的基波和二次谐波,显著降低了电机的推力波动,并通过小型样机实验得以验证;进一步地,提出基于DP-TPMSLM原理的电磁复进机,并将其应用于车载炮系统中,开展了联合仿真研究。实验和仿真结果表明:与未改进的结构相比,改进后的DP-TPMSLM的定位力降至465.9N,降低了34.4%;同时,所提电磁复进机能够实现对复进过程的实时控制,从根本上解决了炮尾和摇架之间的碰撞问题。

关键词: 火炮复进机, 直线电机, 推力波动抑制, 多初级结构, 联合仿真

Abstract:

Considering the complex structure of existing recuperators,which often struggle to meet the real-time controllability requirements of recuperation process,this paper proposes an electromagnetic recuperator based on the principle of a double primary tubular permanent magnet synchronous linear motor (DP-TPMSLM).The differential equations governing the recuperation motion are established by analyzing the forces acting on each component during the recuperation process,and the magnitude of the required recuperator force is clarified.For DP-TPMSLM,the decoupling of cogging and end effects and the improvement in the end structure,the fundamental and second harmonics of the detent force are effectively suppressed,resulting in a significant reduction in thrust fluctuations,as verified by the experiments on a small-scale prototype.Furthermore,an electromagnetic recuperator based on the principle of DP-TPMSLM is proposed,and a co-simulation study is made on applying it to a vehicle-mounted artillery system.The experimental and simulated results demonstrate that the detent force of the improved DP-TPMSLM is reduced to 465.9N,which is educed by 34.4% decrease compared to that of the unimproved structure.Meanwhile,the proposed electromagnetic recuperator effectively achieves the real-time control of recuperation process,fundamentally addressing the issue of collision between the breech ring and the cradle.

Key words: artillery recuperator, linear motor, thrust fluctuation suppression, multi-primary structure, co-simulation

中图分类号:

TJ301

吴清乐, 李文龙, 徐凤杰, 王丽群, 杨国来, 唐恩凌. 基于DP-TPMSLM原理的电磁复进机推力波动抑制[J]. 兵工学报, 2025, 46(7): 240800-.

WU Qingle, LI Wenlong, XU Fengjie, WANG Liqun, YANG Guolai, TANG Enling. Thrust Fluctuation Suppression of Electromagnetic Recuperator Based on DP-TPMSLM Principle[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2025, 46(7): 240800-.

图/表 25

图1 某口径火炮上装结构示意图

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of the upper structure for a specify caliber artillery

图2 复进过程力学模型

Fig.2 Mechanical modeling of recuperation process

图3 电磁制退机的黏性阻尼测定

Fig.3 Measurement of viscous damping in eddy current brake

图4 11p/12s初级结构

Fig.4 11p/12s primary structure

图5 中间槽和端部槽有限元模型

Fig.5 Finite element models of middle and end slots

图6 齿槽力分析

Fig.6 Cogging forces analysis

图7 端部力与齿槽力解耦

Fig.7 Decoupling of end force and cogging force

图8 所提结构定位力分析

Fig.8 Detent force analysis of the proposed structure

图9 定位力随端部结构变化曲线

Fig.9 Detent force versus end structure

图10 改进后结构的定位力

Fig.10 Detent force of the improved structure

图11 不同电流负载下推力曲线

Fig.11 Thrust curves under different current loads

图12 小型样机实验平台

Fig.12 Small-scale prototype experimental platform

图13 所提结构定位力

Fig.13 Detent force of the proposed structure

图14 不同iq电流下的推力

Fig.14 Thrusts at different iq currents

图15 电磁复进机结构示意图

Fig.15 Schematic diagram of electromagnetic recuperator

图16 DP-TPMSLM主要结构

Fig.16 DP-TPMSLM main structure

表1 DP-TPMSLM主要结构参数

Table 1 DP-TPMSLM main structural parameters

参数	数值/mm	参数	数值/mm
次级铁芯内径R_a	46	次级铁芯外径R_s	61
永磁体外径R_m	65.5	初级铁芯外径R_o	110
初级铁芯厚度h_s	10	端部齿高h_f	5.3
端部齿宽w_f	5.6	端部槽宽τ_f	8.9

图17 DP-TPMSLM推力曲线

Fig.17 DP-TPMSLM thrust curve

图18 车载炮动力学模型

Fig.18 Vehicle-mounted artillery dynamics model

图19 柔性身管及其装配示意图

Fig.19 Schematic diagram of flexible barrel and its assembly

图20 联合仿真方案

Fig.20 Co-simulation scheme

图21 后坐-复进位移和速度曲线

Fig.21 Recoil-recuperation displacement and velocity curves

图22 炮口中心沿垂直方向的角位移和角速度曲线

Fig.22 Angular displacement and angular velocity curves along the vertical direction at the center of muzzle

图23 炮体稳定性

Fig.23 Stability of the gun mount

表2 不同反后坐装置性能对比

Table 2 Performance comparison of different recoil systems

方案	后坐位移/ mm	复进到位速度/ (m·s^-1)	后坐-复进时间/%	稳定性
传统复进机	937.4	>0.10	0.80	稳定
电磁复进机	920.6	<0.005	0.78	稳定

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