含能破片侵彻薄板的靶后超压效应数值模拟

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2025.0429

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

含能破片因其显著的毁伤后效,其侵彻后的反应情况和超压效应受到广泛关注。针对含能破片侵彻薄板靶后超压效应开展仿真模拟研究,结合光滑粒子流体动力学、有限元方法、有限体积法和含能破片释能模型,提出了含能破片侵彻薄板靶后超压效应数值模拟方法,给出了φ10×10mm的Al/W/PTFE含能破片在不同速度700m/s~1100m/s下侵彻3mm靶板后超压分布特征和超压峰值随侵彻速度变化规律。结果表明,密闭空气罐内超压分布随时间演化与含能破片飞散相关。随侵彻速度增大,高压区由稀疏转为密集,压强显著上升,在1000m/s时瞬态压强达1753.9kPa,速度继续增加压强稍有下降。本文揭示了不同速度下的释能超压效应,为战斗部设计与毁伤评估提供参考与数值方法。

关键词: 含能破片, 释能模型, 侵彻过程, 流固耦合算法, 仿真模拟

Abstract:

Due to their pronounced post-penetration damage effects, the reaction behavior and overpressure effects of reactive fragments following penetration have garnered significant attention. This study conducts a numerical simulation of the overpressure effects resulting from the penetration of thin plate targets by reactive fragments. By integrating smoothed particle hydrodynamics, finite element method, finite volume method, and an energy release model for reactive fragments, a numerical simulation approach for analyzing the overpressure effects post-penetration is proposed. The overpressure distribution characteristics and the variation of peak overpressure with penetration velocity are determined for φ10×10mm Al/W/PTFE reactive fragments penetrating a 3mm target plate at velocities ranging from 700m/s to 1100m/s. The results indicate that the evolution of overpressure distribution inside the sealed air tank is correlated with the dispersion of energetic fragments. As the penetration velocity increases, high-pressure regions change from sparse to dense, with a significant pressure rise, reaching a transient peak of 1753.9kPa at 1000m/s. With further velocity increase, the overpressure begins to decline but at a slower rate. This study reveals the overpressure effects of energy release at different velocities, providing valuable references and numerical methods for warhead design and damage assessment.

Key words: reactive fragments, energy release model, penetration process, fluid-structure interaction algorithm, simulation modeling

赵林淼, 栗建桥, 张力中, 赵世恒. 含能破片侵彻薄板的靶后超压效应数值模拟[J]. 兵工学报, 2025, 46(10): 250429-.

ZHAO Linmiao, LI Jianqiao, ZHANG Lizhong, ZHAO Shiheng. Numerical Simulation of the Behind-Target Overpressure Effect from Reactive Fragments Penetrating Thin Plates[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2025, 46(10): 250429-.

图/表 14

图1 SPH-FEM共节点绑定示意图

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of SPH-FEM co-node binding

图2 SPH-FEM耦合计算流程图

Fig.2 SPH-FEM coupling calculation flowchart

图3 反应度随冲击温度变化曲线

Fig.3 Curve of reactivity vs. impact temperature

图4 仿真模型示意图

Fig.4 Schematic diagram of the simulation model

表1 含能破片Gruneisen状态方程参数[24]

Table 1 Parameters of the Gruneisen equation of state forreactive fragments

ρ₀/(kg·m^-3)	c/(m·s^-1)	γ	α	S₁	S₂	S₃
4790.0	3580.0	1.49	0	1.41	0	0

表2 含能破片Johnson-Cook本构参数[24]

Table 2 Constitutive parameters ofreactive fragments Johnson-Cook

A/MPa	B/MPa	c	T_m/K	m	n
27.13	224.51	0.032	2462	0.468	1.25

图5 破片侵彻释能超压过程

Fig.5 The fragments penetrate the energy release overpressure process

图6 800m/s侵彻速度下超压分布图

Fig.6 Overpressure distribution diagram at a penetration velocity of 800m/s

图7 900m/s侵彻速度下超压分布图

Fig.7 Overpressure distribution diagram at a penetration velocity of 900m/s

图8 1000m/s侵彻速度下超压分布图

Fig.8 Overpressure distribution diagram at a penetration velocity of 1000m/s

图9 密闭空气罐体压强提取位置示意图

Fig.9 Diagram of pressure extraction location for a sealed air tank

图10 含能破片侵彻速度在700~1100m/s区间时的超压时程曲线

Fig.10 Pressure-Time curve of reactive fragment penetration at velocities in the 700~1100m/s range 00m/s

表3 含能破片以不同侵彻速度靶板后的超压峰值

Table 3 Peak overpressure behind the target plate for reactive fragment penetration at different velocities

侵彻速度/(m·s^-1)	峰值压力/kPa	峰值超压/kPa
700	217.9	116.6
800	241.3	140.0
900	402.7	301.4
1000	1753.9	1652.6
1100	1662.9	1561.6

图11 不同侵彻速度下的超压峰值及反应度变化

Fig.11 Variation of peak overpressure with different penetration velocities

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